W3C I18N Techniques: Authoring XHTML & HTML

Introducing character sets and encodings

W3C Getting Started article.

Character encodings for beginners

W3C article.

Choose UTF-8 or another Unicode encoding for all content.

If you don't use a Unicode encoding, select an encoding that best supports the languages / characters to be included in the page text.

Check that user agents (all agents that must render the page) adequately support the page encoding that you have selected. If not, you might need to use a more widely supported encoding to achieve an adequate degree of user agent support.

Use character sets and encodings that will be accessible and common to your users.

Choosing a page encoding

W3C best practises document (Characters and Encodings).

Choosing an encoding

In W3C tutorial, Character sets & encodings in XHTML, HTML and CSS.

Serving XHTML 1.0

The influence of standards- vs. quirks-mode on character encoding declarations. W3C article.

Declaring the document encoding

In W3C tutorial, Character sets & encodings in XHTML, HTML and CSS.

CSS character encoding declarations

W3C FAQ-based article.

CSS style sheets

In W3C tutorial, Character sets & encodings in XHTML, HTML and CSS.

Declaring the document encoding

In W3C tutorial, Character sets & encodings in XHTML, HTML and CSS.

Setting the HTTP charset parameter

Notes on the charset HTTP header, server setup, and how to generate headers using scripts. W3C article.

Serving XHTML 1.0

The influence of standards- vs. quirks-mode on character encoding declarations. W3C article.

Using character entities and NCRs

W3C FAQ-based article.

Changing an (X)HTML page encoding to UTF-8

How do I change the encoding of my (X)HTML pages to UTF-8? W3C FAQ-based article.

How do I set character encoding in my web authoring application?

How do I change the encoding of my (X)HTML pages to UTF-8? W3C FAQ-based article.

Checking HTTP Headers

How can I check the character encoding information sent in the HTTP header of a web document? W3C article.

Checking the character encoding using the validator

How can I check that the character encoding of my document is correct using the W3C HTML Validator? W3C article.

Rex Swain's HTTP Viewer

External link .

Delorie HTTP Header Viewer

External link .

Mozilla Web-sniffer

External link .