Internationalization (I18n) Working Group Charter
The mission of the Internationalization Working Group, part of the Internationalization Activity, is to enable universal access to the World Wide Web by proposing and coordinating the adoption by the W3C of techniques, conventions, technologies, and designs that enable and enhance the use of W3C technology and the Web worldwide, with and between the various different languages, scripts, regions, and cultures.
| End date | 31 December 2015 |
|---|---|
| Confidentiality | Proceedings are public |
| Initial Chairs | Addison Phillips |
| Initial Team Contacts (FTE %: 70) |
Richard Ishida |
| Usual Meeting Schedule | Teleconferences: Weekly Face-to-face: Once Annually |
Scope
- Technical issues related to internationalization and universal access across the globe. The Working Group provides advice and assistance related to internationalization and encompassing work related to international, linguistic, cultural, and writing system variations affecting W3C technologies. This advice should be provided to W3C Working Groups as early as possible in the development of specifications. The Working Group also tracks developments outside the W3C which have a bearing on the international Web, such as Unicode, IDN/ICANN issues, language tag and IRI developments at the IETF, JavaScript, etc .
- Reviews and discussion of W3C technologies for internationalization issues, as these technologies develop. This encompasses a broad array of cultural, linguistic, technical and accessibility concerns. Review work may also include standards created by external standards bodies and organizations related to internationalization, if it is thought to be relevant to W3C technology. The Working Group maintains liaison relationships with these groups to ensure coordinated, consistent development of these standards.
- Outreach and inreach, in the forms of notes, articles, tutorials, presentations, tests and other resources to help specification writers, web masters, content authors, and others involved in developing and implementing the Web understand the issues involved and the techniques available with regard to supporting international use of Web technology.
Success Criteria
- Two implementations of the Encoding specification during CR.
- Successfully complete reviews and provide assistance in a timely manner.
- Maintain good levels of feedback for outreach materials.
Deliverables
Recommendation-track specifications
Most of the formal documents produced by the Working Group are guidelines, best practices, requirements, and the like. These are best published as Working Group Notes.
The Working Group will also deliver the following W3C Recommendation:
- Encoding
- Implementations have not always implemented encodings for the web platform in the same way, have not always used the same labels, and often differ in dealing with undefined and former proprietary areas of encodings. This specification attempts to fill those gaps so that new implementations do not have to reverse engineer encoding implementations of the market leaders and existing implementations can become more interoperable.
Reviews and advice
Review of specifications of other W3C Working Groups for issues related to internationalization, global usage, and cultural sensitivity is an essential deliverable of the Internationalization Working Group. This is not a time-bound activity and the exact schedule of these reviews depends on the progress of other Working Groups and the availability of resources in the Internationalization Working Group. There is usually a regular supply of review work to be done. In depth reviews are typically done at Last Call, however additional early reviews are particularly useful and will be scheduled where possible. Review work leads to the raising and tracking of issues related to a technology. Discussions related to these issues are often much more time-consuming than the review itself.
In addition to discussions arising from reviews, the Working Group is often called upon to support other Working Groups with adhoc advice and discussion.
Web internationalization resources
The Working Group is being chartered to operate under the Patent Policy to allow it to take documents to Recommendation status when the need arises.
The WG will continue to publish resources on the Internationalization Activity site to assist users of W3C and related Web technologies to internationalize their applications, content, and services. These will include articles, notes and reference pages and tutorials.
The Working Group will also maintain the Internationalization Activity Web presence, and develop and maintain ways for users of its resources to quickly find the material they need, through a variety of means, including topic-based and task-based indexing.
The WG will also provide internationalization-related best practices for users of Web technologies. These documents make the information available in a task based fashion, and are accessed by higher level web pages, targeted at specific user types and activities, that group together and link to all relevant information in summary form, with an organization that aids their use.
In the previous charter period the WG supported a Japanese Layout task force in their preparation of the document Requirements for Japanese Text Layout. The WG will look for opportunities to replicate the success of this initiative by assisting other groups of people to generate requirements for local support.
Internationalization tests
The WG will build on the existing foundation to create additional test pages and summaries of results for the support of internationalization-related features in major browsers. The tests will be made available through the W3C Test Framework. These tests explore support by user agents for internationalization related features, but also serve an educational role. In addition to their support for techniques documents and articles, these tests are being used by content authors. In addition, other W3C WGs have incorporated these tests into their own test suites, and user agent development teams from all the major browsers have used these tests for identifying, fixing or enhancing internationalization features or bugs in their browsers.
Outreach activities
The WG will seek to regularly present knowledge developed by the WG at conferences and meetings where Web internationalization topics are relevant, and to maintain a presence in internationalization and localization related publications. It will also seek out key opportunities to present the internationalization message to content authors and implementers, and to encourage the provision of requirements for internationalization of W3C technologies by in-country experts.
Milestones
Plans for the Encoding specification are as follows:
| Note: The group will document significant changes from this initial schedule on the group home page. | ||||||
| Specification | FPWD | LC | CR | PR | Rec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| W3C Recommendation about encoding | September 2012 | March 2013 | July 2013 | November 2013 | December 2013 | |
Other WG deliverables are produced on an ongoing basis throughout the life of the charter, and the specific topics to be addressed by the working group and schedule information cannot be determined in far in advance, but are driven by the needs of the Web community.
Plans for work on resource development and reviews can be tracked at:
Relationships to External Groups
Dependencies
- W3C Working Groups
- The I18n WG will work with all W3C Working Groups to ensure that
their deliverables support international use. The list includes the WGs
in the following Activities, in particular, but is not limited to them:
- HTML, Rich Web Client: HTML is one of the main formats for storing and delivering information on the Web. The I18N WG will help the HTML WG keep HTML language- and culture-neutral, and to make the international components of HTML broadly available. The APIs being developed by the Web Apps WG also touch on international issues.
- Style (CSS): Formatting varies widely in different cultures, and different writing systems need different stylesheet support. The I18N WG will help these working groups address international formatting needs by providing requirements, proposals, and advice.
- XML: XML is the base format for many Web applications. The I18N WG will help the XML CG and the various XML WGs to create and ensure an appropriate base for the internationalization needs of these applications.
- Mobile Web Initiative: The I18N WG will monitor the work of the Mobile Web Initiative, to ensure their specifications and best practices are internationalized, and to integrate their best practices in internationalization deliverables.
- Voice Browser, and Multimodal Interaction: Spoken language has different requirements from written forms of a language, raising internationalization issues that have to be carefully considered. Also, new forms of interaction, such as cross-language interaction (e.g. a speaker responding with the French pronunciation of a name to an English prompt), need to be reviewed with respect to internationalization.
- Semantic Web: I18N will collaborate to make sure that Semantic Web technologies are appropriately internationalized, and help with creating guidance for the Multilingual Semantic Web.
- Other Groups
- From time to time, the work of the Internationalization Working Group will be dependent on developments in groups outside the W3C. For example, specifications at the Unicode Consortium, or work on IRIs or language tags at the IETF, etc.
Closely related WGs
- Internationalization Interest Group
- The I18n WG maintains close contact with the I18N IG (charter). Resources produced by this WG will be submitted to the I18N IG mailing list for review. When needed to assure a broader base for decisions, technical topics may be submitted to the I18N IG mailing list for discussion. The I18N IG mailing list will also be used for sharing information about the work of this WG, sending out information about the progress of this WG at regular intervals, and soliciting feedback in general. Members of this WG are expected to also become members of the I18N IG to assure a smooth flow of information.
- MultilingualWeb-LT Working Group
- The I18n WG will track the work of the MultilingualWeb-LT WG (charter), since it is focused on an important aspect of Web internationalization. The MultilingualWeb-LT WG is also in the Internationalization Activity.
- ITS Interest Group
- The I18n WG will maintain close contact with the ITS IG (charter). Members of the ITS IG may collaborate with the WG to publish pages on the Web site, and the WG will provide assistance to the ITS WG for the development of techniques documents, eg. editorial guidance, templates and the like.
- WAI (Web Accessibility Initiative)
- The I18N WG will coordinate with the relevant WAI groups on the
following points:
- Procedural coordination: Both the I18N WG and WAI are reviewing W3C specifications.
- Technical coordination: There are parallels between the cultural universality at the base of the Internationalization work and the principle of universal access at the base of the WAI work. Common issues resulting from such parallels should be coordinated.
- Internationalization review of WAI work, and WAI review of work of the I18N WG: Different countries have different traditions and different needs and rules for making content accessible, and some languages may be harder to deal with than others. For example, Japanese text-to-speech systems may need extra information compared to, say, English ones.
- Hypertext Coordination Group
- The Working Group will work with the HCG as the need arises.
- TAG
- The Technical Architecture Group is responsible for the principles of Web Architecture. The I18N WG will coordinate architectural issues related to internationalization with the TAG where necessary.
Liaisons
- IETF
- IETF working groups and other IETF activities that define technology with impact on Web Internationalization, such as the IRI WG and the work related to language tags.
- Unicode Technical Committee (UTC)
- A liaison has been established.
- Ecma TC 39 (ECMAScript)
- We will work with Ecma TC 39 on the development of the new EcmaScript Internationalization API Specification standard and the internationalization of the EcmaScript Language Specification (ECMA-262). The EcmaScript standard defines the core of the JavaScript programming language.
- Supra-national and national standards bodies
- The work of bodies such as ISO, ISO/IEC JTC1, JIS, and CEN, at
the appropriate level (working group, subcommittee, technical
committee,...), especially in so far as they work on general standards
relevant to the internationalization of W3C technology or on national
profiles of W3C specifications. Informal or formal contacts will be used
as appropriate. The main groups, and corresponding areas for liaison,
currently are:
- ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2 (character encoding, sorting): A formal liaison has been approved to track the evolution of ISO/IEC 10646 and to input W3C requirements.
- ISO/IEC JTC1/SC22/WG20 (characters in identifiers): A formal liaison has been approved to track developments and to input W3C requirements. The work program of this WG has recently been reduced considerably, and so this liaison may expire naturally.
- ISO TC 37 and the language resources community in general (e.g.ELRA), since corpora exchange is key to the language technoloiges needed for the multilingual web, and there is strong trend emerging for language resource sharing to take a semantic web/ RDF based approach
- Localization Industry Standards
- The WG will work with the Localization industry, in particular OASIS XLIFF to ensure representation of the needs of these communities in the work of the WG.
- Conference and publication organizers
- The WG will maintain contacts with the major conference providers in the internationalization and localization fields, and will seek to place articles in publications in this area.
Participation
To be successful, the Internationalization Working Group is expected to have 5 or more active participants for its duration. Expectations for effective participation in Internationalization Working Group are flexible. On average, participants are expected to consume up to one work day per week; one and a half days per week for editors.
Participants are reminded of the Good Standing requirements of the W3C Process.
Communication
This group primarily conducts its work on the public mailing list www-international@w3.org. This is the Internationalization Interest Group list, and is writable by list subscribers (the Interest Group). There are a number of additional, specialized mailing lists under the umbrella of the Interest Group (eg. a bidi list, a CJK list, and an Indic list), which will also be used as appropriate for discussion. These lists are all tracked by the Internationalization tracker.
There is another mailing list, public-i18n-core@w3.org, which can be used for discussions within the group, where needed. This is a publicly archived list, writeable only by Group members.
The Member-confidential list member-i18n-core@w3.org can be used for administrative purposes and for discussion of any member-confidential aspects of specification reviews and liaison activities.
Information about the group (deliverables, participants, face-to-face meetings, teleconferences, etc.) is available from the Internationalization Working Group home page.
Decision Policy
As explained in the Process Document (section 3.3), this group will seek to make decisions when there is consensus. When the Chair puts a question and observes dissent, after due consideration of different opinions, the Chair should record a decision (possibly after a formal vote) and any objections, and move on.
This charter is written in accordance with Section 3.4, Votes of the W3C Process Document and includes no voting procedures beyond what the Process Document requires.
Patent Policy
This Working Group operates under the W3C Patent Policy (5 February 2004 Version). To promote the widest adoption of Web standards, W3C seeks to issue Recommendations that can be implemented, according to this policy, on a Royalty-Free basis.
For more information about disclosure obligations for this group, please see the W3C Patent Policy Implementation.
About this Charter
This charter for the Internationalization Working Group has been created according to section 6.2 of the Process Document. In the event of a conflict between this document or the provisions of any charter and the W3C Process, the W3C Process shall take precedence.
The charter has been extended from 1 Jan 2014 to 31 Dec 2015.
Charter author: Richard Ishida
Copyright© 2012 W3C ® (MIT , ERCIM , Keio), All Rights Reserved.
$Date: 2012/10/01 19:16:44 $