W3C

RDF Test Cases

W3C Working Draft 23 January 2003

This Version:
http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/WD-rdf-testcases-20030123/
Latest Version:
http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-testcases/
Previous Version:
http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-rdf-testcases-20021112/
Editors:
Jan Grant, (ILRT, University of Bristol)
Dave Beckett, (ILRT, University of Bristol)
Series editor:
Brian McBride (Hewlett Packard Labs)

Abstract

This document describes the RDF Test Cases deliverable for the RDF Core Working Group as defined in the WG's Charter.

Status of this Document

This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. The latest status of this document series is maintained at the W3C.

This is a W3C Last Call Working Draft of the RDF Core Working Group and has been produced as part of the W3C Semantic Web Activity (Activity Statement).

This document is in the Last Call review period, which ends on 21 February 2003. This document has been endorsed by the RDF Core Working Group.

This version includes the N-Triples language definition. The working group has approved the remaining test cases. The test case repository will be updated in the light of feedback from this draft. Detailed changes are recorded in Appendix A: ChangeLog.

This document is being released for review by W3C Members and other interested parties to encourage feedback and comments, especially with regard to how the changes made affect existing implementations and content.

In conformance with W3C policy requirements, known patent and IPR constraints associated with this Working Draft are detailed on the RDF Core Working Group Patent Disclosure page.

Comments on this document are invited and should be sent to the public mailing list www-rdf-comments@w3.org. An archive of comments is available at http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-rdf-comments/.

This is a public W3C Last Call Working Draft for review by W3C Members and other interested parties. This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. It is a draft document and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use W3C Working Drafts as reference material or to cite as other than "work in progress". A list of current W3C Recommendations and other technical documents can be found at http://www.w3.org/TR/.

Table of Contents


1. Introduction

One of the deliverables specified in Charter of the RDF Core Working Group is: a set of machine-processable test cases corresponding to technical issues addressed by the WG. This document describes the test cases that fulfill that deliverable but it does not contain the test cases themselves. The test cases are available at http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/.

The RDF Interest Group and other members of the RDF community have identified issues/ambiguities in the [RDFMS] Specification and the [RDF-SCHEMA] Candidate Recommendation. These issues have been collected and categorized in the RDF Core WG Issue Tracking document. The RDF Core Working Group uses this issue list to guide its work. The issues list is a working document; it is updated as new issues are identified. It is updated as the Working Group makes decisions as documented in the Attention Developers section of the document.

The complete specification of RDF consists of a number of documents:

1.1. Scope

A comprehensive and complete test suite for RDF should cover all of the rules in the Formal Grammar for RDF. The Working Group, however, is not chartered to deliver such a test suite but rather to create test cases for the issues the Working Group addresses (when applicable). Although the Working Group will not create test cases for some grammar rules (e.g. rule [6.1]), if such test cases are donated to the W3C the Consortium may add such test cases to this set of test cases.

1.2. RDF Errata

The RDF Errata documents known errors in [RDFMS]. Since errata are considered normative changes to a W3C Specification and Working Group decisions are not normative until a specification is a W3C Recommendation, none of the decisions made by the RDF Core Working Group have (to date) been reflected in the errata.

2. Test Cases

The Test Case Repository is located at http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/. Each directory in the repository is devoted to a single issue. Most directories have a name that is identical to the related issue in the RDF Issue Tracking document. For example, the directory rdf-ns-prefix-confusion is identical to the rdf-ns-prefix-confusion issue. In the other cases, the directory does not have an associated issue in the issue list (e.g. amp-in-url). If a directory is empty, then no test cases have been created for the issue.

The Test Case Repository contains ZIP files of all Approved test cases in approved_20030117.zip ( latest version) as well as Zip files of all Approved and Not Approved test cases in all_20030117.zip (latest version).

The file http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/Manifest.rdf contains a machine-readable manifest of the test cases. The Manifest.rdf format is described below.

2.1. Organization

The file http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/Manifest.rdf contains a machine-readable description of the test cases in RDF/XML. Care has been taken to ensure that the Manifest.rdf file follows a simple format to assist in machine-processing the test cases.

The file consists of a simple header (see http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/skeleton/manifestHead.rdf), individual descriptions of the test cases, and a closing footer ( http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/skeleton/manifestTail.rdf).

The test cases are divided into the following categories:

Positive Parser Tests
these tests consist of one (or more) input documents in RDF/XML as is revised in [RDF-SYNTAX]. The expected result is defined using the N-Triples syntax (Section 3). A parser is considered to pass the test if it produces a graph equal to the graph described by the N-triples output document, according to the definition of graph equality given in [RDF-CONCEPTS]. Where the input document(s) are legal RDF/XML, but a warning may be generated, this is indicated in the test manifest.
<test:PositiveParserTest rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/test001">

   <test:issue rdf:resource="http://w3.example.org/rdf-tracking/#example1" />
   <test:status>APPROVED</test:status>
   <test:approval rdf:resource="http://rdfcore.example.org/archives/001.html" />
   <test:description>
    This is a simple positive parser test example.
   </test:description>

   <test:inputDocument>
      <test:RDF-XML-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/test001.rdf" />
   </test:inputDocument>

   <test:outputDocument>
      <test:NT-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/test001.nt" />
   </test:outputDocument>

   <test:warning>Some parsers may produce a warning when running this test</test:warning>

</test:PositiveParserTest>
Negative Parser Tests
These tests consist of one input document. The document is not legal RDF/XML. A parser is considered to pass the test if it correctly holds the input document to be in error.
<test:NegativeParserTest rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/error001">

   <test:issue rdf:resource="http://w3.example.org/rdf-tracking/#example1" />
   <test:status>APPROVED</test:status>

   <test:inputDocument>
      <test:RDF-XML-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/error001.rdf" />
   </test:inputDocument>

</test:NegativeParserTest>
Positive Entailment Tests
These tests are specified by one or more premise documents (in RDF/XML or N-Triples) together with a single conclusion document. In addition, the rules used for determining entailment are specified by test:entailmentRules elements. If the following is present
 <test:entailmentRules rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" />
then the test succeeds if the entailment holds according to the rules of RDF-entailment as specified in [RDF-SEMANTICS]. If the following two elements are present
<test:entailmentRules rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" />
<test:entailmentRules rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" />
     
then the test succeeds if the entailment holds according to the rules of RDFS-entailment as specified in [RDF-SEMANTICS].
<test:PositiveEntailmentTest rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/rdfs-domain-and-range/conjunction-test">

   <test:description>
    This test demonstrates the conjunctive nature of range and domain.
   </test:description>

   <test:entailmentRules rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" />
   <test:entailmentRules rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" />

   <test:premiseDocument>
      <test:NT-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/rdfs-domain-and-range/test001.nt" />
   </test:premiseDocument>

   <test:premiseDocument>
      <test:NT-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/rdfs-domain-and-range/test002.nt" />
   </test:premiseDocument>

   <test:premiseDocument>
      <test:NT-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/rdfs-domain-and-range/test003.nt" />
   </test:premiseDocument>

   <test:conclusionDocument>
      <test:NT-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/rdfs-domain-and-range/test004.nt" />
   </test:conclusionDocument>

</test:PositiveEntailmentTest>

According to [RDF-SEMANTICS], a premise document that contains a semantic error with respect to any constraints imposed by the entailment rules selected will come out false (and hence entail anything).

Support for such situations is provided by the manifest format by declaring an premise or conclusion pseudo-document as follows:

   <test:conclusionDocument>
      <test:False-Document/>
   </test:conclusionDocument>

By convention, such a pseudo-document is said to come out false under any interpretation.

Negative Entailment Tests
These tests are specified using a similar structure to the Positive Entailment Tests, with the <test:NegativeEntailmentTest> element used instead of the <test:PositiveEntailmentTest>. The test is considered to be passed if the entailment indicated is NOT drawn using the rules of RDF-Entailment or RDFS-entailment, as above.
<test:NegativeEntailmentTest rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/statement-entailment/test001">

   <test:status>PENDING</test:status>
   <test:approval rdf:resource="http://rdfcore.example.org/Archives/Public/w3c-rdfcore-wg/2002Feb/0476.html" />
   <test:description>
     RDF Core WG RESOLVED that a reified statement was a stating, not a statement.
     The following entailment does not, therefore, hold.
   </test:description>

   <test:entailmentRules rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" />
   <test:entailmentRules rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" />

   <test:premiseDocument>
      <test:NT-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/statement-entailment/test001a.nt" />
   </test:premiseDocument>

   <test:conclusionDocument>
      <test:NT-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/statement-entailment/test001b.nt" />
   </test:conclusionDocument>

</test:NegativeEntailmentTest>
Datatype-aware entailment tests
Entailment test cases may, in addition, require datatype support. Such a requirement is indicated in the manifest by the presence of the following test:entailmentRules element, followed by zero or more test:datatypeSupport entries.
   <test:entailmentRules rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/datatypes#" />
   <test:datatypeSupport rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#integer" />
   <test:datatypeSupport rdf:resource="http://dt.example.org/datatype#foo" />
For the purposes of the test suite, if a test case requires datatype support for a set of datatypes, { T, U, V, ... } then the following three pieces of machinery are required:
Miscellaneous Tests
This manifest entry is used to describe test cases that do not fall into one of the earlier categories. It may have several associated files, indicated in <test:document> elements.
<test:MiscellaneousTest rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/misc001">

   <test:status>PENDING</test:status>
   <test:description>
     A serializer asked to output the graph described in the test001
     document should raise an exception since it cannot be described using
     RDF/XML.
   </test:description>

   <test:document>
      <test:NT-Document rdf:about="http://w3.example.org/nonserializable/test001.nt" />
   </test:document>

</test:MiscellaneousTest>

In addition, each test case description may have the following common attributes:

2.2. Approved Test Cases

The test cases in the following table have been approved.

There are 22 issues containing 176 approved test cases, and 49 test cases without an associated issue. Relative URLs of test case files in this table should be resolved against the base URI http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/
Test cases without an issue: 49 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 13)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
amp-in-url/test001.rdf amp-in-url/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-09-21
datatypes/test001.rdf datatypes/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-11-22
datatypes/test002.rdf datatypes/test002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-11-22
rdfms-reification-required/test001.rdf rdfms-reification-required/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-uri-substructure/test001.rdf rdfms-uri-substructure/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-xmllang/test001.rdf rdfms-xmllang/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-06-07
rdfms-xmllang/test002.rdf rdfms-xmllang/test002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-06-07
rdfms-xmllang/test003.rdf rdfms-xmllang/test003.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-06-07
rdfms-xmllang/test004.rdf rdfms-xmllang/test004.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-06-07
rdfms-xmllang/test005.rdf rdfms-xmllang/test005.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-06-07
rdfms-xmllang/test006.rdf rdfms-xmllang/test006.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
unrecognised-xml-attributes/test001.rdf unrecognised-xml-attributes/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-01-18
unrecognised-xml-attributes/test002.rdf unrecognised-xml-attributes/test002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-01-18
Negative parser tests (test cases: 9)
Input file Approved
rdfms-abouteach/error001.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-abouteach/error002.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-rdf-id/error001.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-rdf-id/error002.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-rdf-id/error003.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-rdf-id/error004.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-rdf-id/error005.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-rdf-id/error006.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-rdf-id/error007.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
Positive Entailment tests (test cases: 13)
Rules Premise files Conclusion file Warning? Approved
RDF + DT(xsd:integer) datatypes/test004a.nt datatypes/test004b.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-11-22
RDF + DT(xsd:integer) datatypes/test004b.nt datatypes/test004c.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-11-22
RDF + DT(xsd:integer) datatypes/test004c.nt datatypes/test004a.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-11-22
RDF + RDFS datatypes/test002.nt datatypes/test002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-11-22
RDF + RDFS + DT(xsd:decimal, xsd:string) datatypes/test006.nt FALSE   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF + DT(xsd:decimal, xsd:integer) datatypes/test005a.nt datatypes/test005b.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF + DT(xsd:integer) datatypes/test003a.nt datatypes/test003b.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-11-22
RDF + DT(xsd:integer) datatypes/test003b.nt datatypes/test003a.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-11-22
Simple datatypes/test008a.nt datatypes/test008b.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-10-11
RDF + RDFS + DT(rdf:XMLLiteral) datatypes/test010.nt FALSE   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-10-11
RDF + RDFS rdfms-seq-representation/empty.nt rdfms-seq-representation/test002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF + RDFS rdfms-seq-representation/test003a.nt rdfms-seq-representation/test003b.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF + RDFS rdfms-seq-representation/empty.nt rdfms-seq-representation/test004.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
Negative Entailment tests (test cases: 13)
Rules Premise files Conclusion file Warning? Approved
RDF + RDFS + DT(rdf:XMLLiteral) datatypes/test007a.nt datatypes/test007b.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF + RDFS datatypes/test004a.nt datatypes/test004b.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-11-22
RDF + RDFS datatypes/test004b.nt datatypes/test004c.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-11-22
RDF + RDFS + DT(xsd:integer) datatypes/test002.nt datatypes/test002b.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-11-22
Simple datatypes/test009a.nt datatypes/test009b.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-10-11
Simple rdfms-xmllang/test007a.nt rdfms-xmllang/test007b.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
Simple rdfms-xmllang/test007b.nt rdfms-xmllang/test007c.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
Simple rdfms-xmllang/test007c.nt rdfms-xmllang/test007a.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF + RDFS rdfs-container-membership-superProperty/not1P.rdf rdfs-container-membership-superProperty/not1C.rdf   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF statement-entailment/test001a.nt statement-entailment/test001b.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-02-15
RDF statement-entailment/test002a.nt statement-entailment/test002b.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-02-15
RDF + RDFS statement-entailment/test001a.nt statement-entailment/test001b.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-02-15
RDF + RDFS statement-entailment/test002a.nt statement-entailment/test002b.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-02-15
Miscellaneous tests (test cases: 1)
Related documents Approved
rdfms-uri-substructure/error001.nt RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
Issue: rdf-charmod-literals has 3 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 1)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
rdf-charmod-literals/test001.rdf rdf-charmod-literals/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-04-05
Negative parser tests (test cases: 2)
Input file Approved
rdf-charmod-literals/error001.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-04-05
rdf-charmod-literals/error002.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-04-05
Issue: rdf-charmod-uris has 5 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 2)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
rdf-charmod-uris/test001.rdf rdf-charmod-uris/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-04-26
rdf-charmod-uris/test002.rdf rdf-charmod-uris/test002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-04-26
Negative parser tests (test cases: 1)
Input file Approved
rdf-charmod-uris/error001.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-04-26
Negative Entailment tests (test cases: 2)
Rules Premise files Conclusion file Warning? Approved
RDF rdf-charmod-uris/test001.rdf rdf-charmod-uris/test002.rdf   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-04-26
RDF rdf-charmod-uris/test002.rdf rdf-charmod-uris/test001.rdf   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-04-26
Issue: rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema has 9 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 7)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test001.rdf rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-06-29
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test002.rdf rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-06-29
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test003.rdf rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test003.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-06-29
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test004.rdf rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test004.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-06-29
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test006.rdf rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test006.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-06-29
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test007.rdf rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test007.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-06-29
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test008.rdf rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/test008.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-06-29
Negative parser tests (test cases: 2)
Input file Approved
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/error001.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-06-29
rdf-containers-syntax-vs-schema/error002.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
Issue: rdf-ns-prefix-confusion has 12 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 12)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0001.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0002.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0003.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0003.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0004.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0004.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0005.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0005.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0006.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0006.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0009.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0009.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0010.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0010.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0011.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0011.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0012.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0012.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0013.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0013.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0014.rdf rdf-ns-prefix-confusion/test0014.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
Issue: rdfms-difference-between-ID-and-about has 4 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 3)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
rdfms-difference-between-ID-and-about/test1.rdf rdfms-difference-between-ID-and-about/test1.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-12-14
rdfms-difference-between-ID-and-about/test2.rdf rdfms-difference-between-ID-and-about/test2.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-difference-between-ID-and-about/test3.rdf rdfms-difference-between-ID-and-about/test3.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
Negative parser tests (test cases: 1)
Input file Approved
rdfms-difference-between-ID-and-about/error1.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-12-14
Issue: rdfms-duplicate-member-props has 1 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 1)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
rdfms-duplicate-member-props/test001.rdf rdfms-duplicate-member-props/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-05-03
Issue: rdfms-empty-property-elements has 20 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 17)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test001.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test002.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test003.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test003.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test004.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test004.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test005.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test005.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test006.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test006.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test007.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test007.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test008.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test008.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test009.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test009.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test010.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test010.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test011.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test011.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test012.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test012.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test013.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test013.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test014.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test014.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test015.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test015.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test016.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test016.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-empty-property-elements/test017.rdf rdfms-empty-property-elements/test017.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
Negative parser tests (test cases: 3)
Input file Approved
rdfms-empty-property-elements/error001.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/error002.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
rdfms-empty-property-elements/error003.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-05-25
Issue: rdfms-identity-anon-resources has 5 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 5)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test001.rdf rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-10-19
rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test002.rdf rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-10-19
rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test003.rdf rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test003.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-10-19
rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test004.rdf rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test004.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-10-19
rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test005.rdf rdfms-identity-anon-resources/test005.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-10-19
Issue: rdfms-nested-bagIDs has 15 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 14)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test001.rdf rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test002.rdf rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test003.rdf rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test003.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test004.rdf rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test004.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test005.rdf rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test005.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test006.rdf rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test006.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test008.rdf rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test008.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test009.rdf rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test009.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
Note: of the following six tests, only three can be expected to pass. See the test descriptions in the manifest for details.
rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test010.rdf rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test010a.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test010.rdf rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test010b.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test011.rdf rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test011a.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test011.rdf rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test011b.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test012.rdf rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test012a.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test012.rdf rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test012b.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
Negative parser tests (test cases: 1)
Input file Approved
rdfms-nested-bagIDs/test007.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
Issue: rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr has 5 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 5)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test001.rdf rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test002.rdf rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test003.rdf rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test003.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test004.rdf rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test004.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test005.rdf rdfms-not-id-and-resource-attr/test005.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
Issue: rdfms-para196 has 1 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 1)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
rdfms-para196/test001.rdf rdfms-para196/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-01-11
Issue: rdfms-rdf-names-use has 60 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 40)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-001.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-002.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-003.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-003.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-004.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-004.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-005.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-005.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-006.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-006.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-007.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-007.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-008.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-008.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-009.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-009.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-010.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-010.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-011.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-011.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-012.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-012.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-013.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-013.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-014.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-014.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-015.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-015.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-016.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-016.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-017.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-017.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-018.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-018.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-019.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-019.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-020.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-020.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-021.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-021.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-022.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-022.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-023.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-023.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-024.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-024.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-025.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-025.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-026.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-026.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-027.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-027.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-028.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-028.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-029.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-029.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-030.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-030.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-031.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-031.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-032.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-032.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-033.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-033.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-034.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-034.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-035.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-035.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-036.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-036.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-037.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/test-037.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/warn-001.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/warn-001.nt allowed with warnings RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/warn-002.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/warn-002.nt allowed with warnings RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/warn-003.rdf rdfms-rdf-names-use/warn-003.nt allowed with warnings RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
Negative parser tests (test cases: 20)
Input file Approved
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-001.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-002.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-003.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-004.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-005.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-006.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-007.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-008.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-009.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-010.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-011.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-012.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-013.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-014.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-015.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-016.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-017.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-018.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-019.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
rdfms-rdf-names-use/error-020.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-11-30
Issue: rdfms-seq-representation has 1 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 1)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
rdfms-seq-representation/test001.rdf rdfms-seq-representation/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-05-31
Issue: rdfms-syntax-incomplete has 10 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 4)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/test001.rdf rdfms-syntax-incomplete/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/test002.rdf rdfms-syntax-incomplete/test002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/test003.rdf rdfms-syntax-incomplete/test003.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/test004.rdf rdfms-syntax-incomplete/test004.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
Negative parser tests (test cases: 6)
Input file Approved
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/error001.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/error002.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/error003.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/error004.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/error005.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-syntax-incomplete/error006.rdf RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
Issue: rdfms-xml-base has 13 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 13)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
xmlbase/test001.rdf xmlbase/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test002.rdf xmlbase/test002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test003.rdf xmlbase/test003.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test004.rdf xmlbase/test004.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test006.rdf xmlbase/test006.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test007.rdf xmlbase/test007.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test008.rdf xmlbase/test008.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test009.rdf xmlbase/test009.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test010.rdf xmlbase/test010.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test011.rdf xmlbase/test011.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test012.rdf xmlbase/test012.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test013.rdf xmlbase/test013.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
xmlbase/test014.rdf xmlbase/test014.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2002-03-15
Issue: rdfms-xml-literal-namespaces has 2 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 2)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
rdfms-xml-literal-namespaces/test001.rdf rdfms-xml-literal-namespaces/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
rdfms-xml-literal-namespaces/test002.rdf rdfms-xml-literal-namespaces/test002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
Issue: rdfs-domain-and-range has 4 tests
Positive parser tests (test cases: 2)
Input files Output file Warning? Approved
rdfs-domain-and-range/test001.rdf rdfs-domain-and-range/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-10-19
rdfs-domain-and-range/test002.rdf rdfs-domain-and-range/test002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-10-19
Negative Entailment tests (test cases: 2)
Rules Premise files Conclusion file Warning? Approved
RDF + RDFS rdfs-domain-and-range/premises006.rdf rdfs-domain-and-range/nonconclusions006.rdf   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF + RDFS rdfs-domain-and-range/premises005.rdf rdfs-domain-and-range/nonconclusions005.rdf   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
Issue: rdfs-no-cycles-in-subClassOf has 1 tests
Positive Entailment tests (test cases: 1)
Rules Premise files Conclusion file Warning? Approved
RDF + RDFS rdfs-no-cycles-in-subClassOf/test001.rdf rdfs-no-cycles-in-subClassOf/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-10-12
Issue: rdfs-no-cycles-in-subPropertyOf has 1 tests
Positive Entailment tests (test cases: 1)
Rules Premise files Conclusion file Warning? Approved
RDF + RDFS rdfs-no-cycles-in-subPropertyOf/test001.rdf rdfs-no-cycles-in-subPropertyOf/test001.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2001-10-12
Issue: rdfs-subClassOf-a-Property has 1 tests
Negative Entailment tests (test cases: 1)
Rules Premise files Conclusion file Warning? Approved
RDF + RDFS rdfs-subClassOf-a-Property/test001.nt FALSE   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
Issue: rdfs-subPropertyOf-semantics has 1 tests
Positive Entailment tests (test cases: 1)
Rules Premise files Conclusion file Warning? Approved
RDF + RDFS rdfs-subPropertyOf-semantics/test001.nt rdfs-subPropertyOf-semantics/test002.nt   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
Issue: I5.24-IF-or-IFF-property-properties has 2 tests
Negative Entailment tests (test cases: 2)
Rules Premise files Conclusion file Warning? Approved
RDF + RDFS rdfs-domain-and-range/premises006.rdf rdfs-domain-and-range/nonconclusions006.rdf   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10
RDF + RDFS rdfs-domain-and-range/premises005.rdf rdfs-domain-and-range/nonconclusions005.rdf   RDFCore WG Telecon 2003-01-10

2.3. Test Cases Not Approved

The test case repository contains test cases that have not been approved. Such test cases are not enumerated in this document but a list of them is available at http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/allTestCases.html.

2.4. Running the test cases

The test case manifest format was deliberately chosen to be a simple, declarative description of the test cases. Parser tests can be run in conjunction with simple tools such as ntc[NTC]. A parser should pass all the positive parser tests, and reject all the negative parser tests. Tools like Euler have been used to run the entailment tests.

Due to the rules of entailment tests, a positive or negative entailment test case with an empty conclusion document can be used to illustrate semantic constraints associated with sets of entailment rules.

The test cases have been created to illustrate the resolution of particular issues on the RDF Issue Tracking list. Consequently, test case results should always be interpreted in conjunction with the resolution of the associated issue and the description (if any) attached to the test case in the manifest.

3. N-Triples

N-Triples is a line-based, plain text format for encoding an RDF graph. It was designed to be a fixed subset of N3[N3] [N3-Primer] and hence N3 tools such as cwm, n-triples2kif.pl and Euler can be used to read and process it. cwm can output this format when invoked as "cwm -ntriples".

It is recommended, but not required, that N-Triples content is stored in files with an '.nt' suffix to distinguish them from N3.

The Internet Media Type / MIME Type of N-Triples is text/plain and the character encoding is 7-bit US-ASCII.

NOTE: N-Triples is an RDF syntax intended for RDF Core WG testing purposes and checking RDF applications for conformance with the specifications. The recommended RDF exchange syntax is RDF/XML as defined in [RDF-SYNTAX].

3.1. Extended Backus-Naur Form (EBNF) Grammar

An N-Triples document is a sequence of US-ASCII characters and is defined by the ntripleDoc grammar term below. Parsing it results in a sequence of RDF statements formed from the subject, predicate and object terms. The meaning of these terms are defined in the [RDF-SEMANTICS] being developed as part of the RDF Core WG activity.

This EBNF is the notation used in XML 1.0 second edition

ntripleDoc ::= line*
line ::= ws* ( comment | triple )? eoln
comment ::= '#' ( character - ( cr | lf ) )*
triple ::= subject ws+ predicate ws+ object ws* '.' ws*
subject ::= uriref | nodeID
predicate ::= uriref
object ::= uriref | nodeID | literal
uriref ::= '<' absoluteURI '>'
nodeID ::= '_:' name
literal ::= langString | datatypeString
langString ::= '"' string '"' ( '@' language )?
datatypeString ::= langString '^^' uriref
language ::= [a-z0-9]+ ('-' [a-z0-9]+ )?
matching the production Language-Tag in Section 2.1 of [RFC 3066]. Note: This EBNF cannot perform the counting required by the Primary-subtag and Subtag productions.
ws ::= space | tab
eoln ::= cr | lf | cr lf
space ::= #x20 /* US-ASCII space - decimal 32 */
cr ::= #xD /* US-ASCII carriage return - decimal 13 */
lf ::= #xA /* US-ASCII line feed - decimal 10 */
tab ::= #x9 /* US-ASCII horizontal tab - decimal 9 */
string ::= character* with escapes as defined in section Strings
name ::= [A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9]*
absoluteURI ::= character+ with escapes as defined in section URI References
character ::= [#x20-#x7E] /* US-ASCII space to decimal 126 */

3.2 Strings

N-Triples strings are sequences of US-ASCII character productions encoding [UNICODE] character strings. The characters outside the US-ASCII range are made available by \-escape sequences as follows:

Escape
sequence
Encodes Unicode character
\\ Backslash character (decimal 92, #X5C)
\" Double quote (decimal 34, #x22)
\n Line feed (decimal 10, #xA) - lf character
\r Carriage return (decimal 13, #xD) - cr character
\t Horizontal tab (decimal 9, #x9) - tab character
\uHHHH 4 required hexadecimal digits HHHH encoding character
[#x0-#x8],[#xB-#xC],[#xE-#x1F],[#x7F-#xFFFF]
\UHHHHHHHH 8 required hexadecimal digits HHHHHHHH encoding character
[#x10000-#x10FFFF]

where H is a hexadecimal digit: [#x30-#x39],[#x41-#x46] (0-9, uppercase A-F).

This escaping satisfies the [CHARMOD] section Reference Processing Model on making the full Unicode character range U+0 to U+10FFFF available to applications and providing only one way to escape any character.

3.3 URI References

URI references are sequences of US-ASCII character productions as defined in [RFC 2396] for a URI character sequence. Where the original URI Reference contains characters not allowed in such a sequence, the standard escaping procedure described in [RFC 2396] using UTF-8 as the character encoding is applied, using UTF-8 as the character encoding.

Disallowed characters are represented in UTF-8 and then encoded using the %HH format, where HH is the byte value expressed using hexadecimal notation.

Characters above the US-ASCII range are made available by the \u or \U escapes as described in section Strings for ranges [#x80-#xFFFF] and [#x10000-#x10FFFF] respectively.

Characters [#x0-#x1F] and #x7F are forbidden in URI references.

3.4. Example

The following N-Triples file:

<http://www.w3.org/2001/08/rdf-test/>  <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator>    "Dave Beckett" .
<http://www.w3.org/2001/08/rdf-test/>  <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/creator>    "Jan Grant" .
<http://www.w3.org/2001/08/rdf-test/>  <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/publisher>  _:a .
_:a                                    <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title>      "World Wide Web Consortium" .
_:a                                    <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/source>     <http://www.w3.org/> .

represents the same RDF graph as the following RDF/XML:

<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
         xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.w3.org/2001/08/rdf-test/">
    <dc:creator>Jan Grant</dc:creator>
    <dc:creator>Dave Beckett</dc:creator>
    <dc:publisher>
      <rdf:Description>
        <dc:title>World Wide Web Consortium</dc:title>
        <dc:source rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/"/>
      </rdf:Description>
    </dc:publisher>
  </rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>

3.5. N-Triples Tests

The N-Triple test file at http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/ntriples/test.nt contains multiple tests of legal N-Triples.

4 References

Normative References

[RDFMS]
Resource Description Framework (RDF) Model and Syntax Specification, O. Lassila and R. Swick, Editors, World Wide Web Consortium Recommendation. 22 February 1999. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-rdf-syntax-19990222/. The latest version of RDF M&S is available at http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-rdf-syntax/.
[RDF-SCHEMA]
Resource Description Framework (RDF) Schema Specification 1.0, Dan Brickley, R.V. Guha, Editors, World Wide Web Consortium Candidate Recommendation, 27 March 2000. This version is http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/CR-rdf-schema-20000327/. The latest version of RDF Schema is http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/.
[UNICODE]
The Unicode Standard, Version 3.0, Addison Wesley, Reading MA, 2000, ISBN: 0-201-61633-5. This document is http://www.unicode.org/unicode/standard/standard.html.
[CHARMOD]
Character Model for the World Wide Web 1.0, M. Dürst, F. Yergeau, R. Ishida, M. Wolf, A. Freytag, T Texin, Editors, World Wide Web Consortium Working Draft, work in progress, 30 April 2002. This version of the Character Model is http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-charmod-20020430/. The latest version of the Character Model is at http://www.w3.org/TR/charmod/.
[RDF-CONCEPTS]
RDF Concepts and Abstract Syntax, G. Klyne, J. Carroll, Editors, World Wide Web Consortium W3C Working Draft, work in progress, 8 November 2002. This version of the RDF Concepts and Abstract Syntax is http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-rdf-concepts-20021108/. The latest version of the RDF Concepts and Abstract Syntax is at http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-concepts/.
[RDF-SEMANTICS]
RDF Model Theory, P. Hayes, Editor. World Wide Web Consortium, Working Draft, 29 April 2002. Work in progress. This version of the RDF Model Theory is http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-rdf-mt-20020429/. The latest version of the RDF Model Theory is at http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-mt/.
[RDF-SYNTAX]
RDF/XML Syntax Specification (Revised), Dave Beckett, Editor, World Wide Web Consortium, Working Draft, 8 November 2002. Work in progress. This version of the RDF/XML Syntax is http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-rdf-syntax-grammar-20021108/. The latest version of the RDF/XML Syntax is at http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-syntax-grammar/.
[RFC 2396]
RFC 2396 - Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax, T. Berners-Lee, R. Fielding and L. Masinter, IETF, August 1998. This document is http://www.isi.edu/in-notes/rfc2396.txt.
[RFC 3066]
RFC 3066 - Tags for the Identification of Languages, H. Alvestrand, IETF, January 2001. This document is http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt

Informative References

[RDF-PRIMER]
RDF Primer, F. Manola, E. Miller, Editors, World Wide Web Consortium W3C Working Draft, work in progress, 26 April 2002. This version of the RDF Primer is http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-rdf-primer-20020426/. The latest version of the RDF Primer is at http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-primer/.
[RDF-VOCABULARY]
RDF Vocabulary Description Language 1.0: RDF Schema, D. Brickley, R.V. Guha, Editors, World Wide Web Consortium W3C Working Draft, work in progress, 30 April 2002. This version of the RDF Vocabulary Description Language is http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-rdf-schema-20020430/. The latest version of the RDF Vocabulary Description Language is at http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-schema/.
[N3]
Notation 3, Tim Berners-Lee
[N3-Primer]
Primer: Getting into RDF & Semantic Web using N3, Tim Berners-Lee
[NTC]
NTC: A simple N-Triples isomorphism test utility, Jan Grant

5 Acknowledgments (Informative)

Many thanks to Art Barstow (ex-W3C), former main editor of this document, for his sterling work on editing and managing the RDF test cases, which he had been doing well before the RDF Core WG started.

The editors would also like to thank Jos DeRoo, of AGFA, for his excellent work in the implementation of an RDF reasoner capable of running the entailment test cases.

Thanks are also due to the RDF parser implementers who took the time to run, and submit corrections to, our parser tests.

The following Working Group members have directly contributed to this document and/or contributed test cases.

This document is a product of extended deliberations by the RDF Core working group, whose members have included: Art Barstow (W3C) Dave Beckett (ILRT), Dan Brickley (W3C/ILRT), Dan Connolly (W3C), Jeremy Carroll (Hewlett Packard), Ron Daniel (Interwoven Inc), Bill dehOra (InterX), Jos De Roo (AGFA), Jan Grant (ILRT), Graham Klyne (Clearswift and Nine by Nine), Frank Manola (MITRE Corporation), Brian McBride (Hewlett Packard), Eric Miller (W3C), Stephen Petschulat (IBM), Patrick Stickler (Nokia), Aaron Swartz (HWG), Mike Dean (BBN Technologies / Verizon), R. V. Guha (Alpiri Inc), Pat Hayes (IHMC), Sergey Melnik (Stanford University), Martyn Horner (Profium Ltd).

This specification also draws upon an earlier RDF Model and Syntax document edited by Ora Lassilla and Ralph Swick, and RDF Schema edited by Dan Brickley and R. V. Guha. RDF and RDF Schema Working group members who contributed to this earlier work are: Nick Arnett (Verity), Tim Berners-Lee (W3C), Tim Bray (Textuality), Dan Brickley (ILRT / University of Bristol), Walter Chang (Adobe), Sailesh Chutani (Oracle), Dan Connolly (W3C), Ron Daniel (DATAFUSION), Charles Frankston (Microsoft), Patrick Gannon (CommerceNet), RV Guha (Epinions, previously of Netscape Communications), Tom Hill (Apple Computer), Arthur van Hoff (Marimba), Renato Iannella (DSTC), Sandeep Jain (Oracle), Kevin Jones, (InterMind), Emiko Kezuka (Digital Vision Laboratories), Joe Lapp (webMethods Inc.), Ora Lassila (Nokia Research Center), Andrew Layman (Microsoft), Ralph LeVan (OCLC), John McCarthy (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Chris McConnell (Microsoft), Murray Maloney (Grif), Michael Mealling (Network Solutions), Norbert Mikula (DataChannel), Eric Miller (OCLC), Jim Miller (W3C, emeritus), Frank Olken (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Jean Paoli (Microsoft), Sri Raghavan (Digital/Compaq), Lisa Rein (webMethods Inc.), Paul Resnick (University of Michigan), Bill Roberts (KnowledgeCite), Tsuyoshi Sakata (Digital Vision Laboratories), Bob Schloss (IBM), Leon Shklar (Pencom Web Works), David Singer (IBM), Wei (William) Song (SISU), Neel Sundaresan (IBM), Ralph Swick (W3C), Naohiko Uramoto (IBM), Charles Wicksteed (Reuters Ltd.), Misha Wolf (Reuters Ltd.), Lauren Wood (SoftQuad).

Appendix A: Change Log (Informative)

Changes since http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-rdf-testcases-20021112/

Entailment test definitions changed to actually test proper entailments, not pseudo-entailments.

Support for datatype-aware entailment tests in the manifest.

Pointer to RDF-CONCEPTS for the definition of graph isomorphism / equality.

Addition of the always false pseudo-document for entailment tests.

Updated the test case list in this document.

Test case names changed to fragment references into individual manifest documents.

Changes since http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/WD-rdf-testcases-20020429/

Production language. Changed to match RFC 3066. Added [RFC 2396] to normative references.

3 N-Triples NOTE reworded. Point to RDF/XML as exchange syntax.

Production character: should be "to 126"

3.2 Strings Removed suggestion to use UTF-8 for apps.

Added 3.5. N-Triples Tests pointing at the http://www.w3.org/2000/10/rdf-tests/rdfcore/ntriples/test.nt test file.

Use uppercase hexadecimal digits. Define H and use it for \uHHHH, \uHHHHHHHH.

Removed xmlString.

Changed the N-Triples language separator token to @ in langString

Added RDF datatyping support using datatypeString using the form ^^<datatypeURI>

Changes since http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/WD-rdf-testcases-20011115/

Updated 3.3 URI References to allow Unicode characters in URIs

Merged Future Work into Open Issues

Test case list expanded and reorganized to reflect additional approved test cases

New section 2 describing organization of parser tests, the types of tests and examples of manifest format that describes them.

Updated editors, added thanks to Art Barstow.

Changed literal to be langString | xmlString (now gone)

N-Triples remains an ASCII format for now - closed issue on UTF-8 encoding.

Update references to RDF Model Theory, Syntax WDs

Changes since http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/WD-rdf-testcases-20010912/

Changed the Approved Test Cases table so that it includes links to related files and the Working Group decision.

Removed the Test Cases Not Approved table and added a link to the repository's list of the not approved test cases.

Added links to ZIP files of the repository's test cases.

Specify the Future Work and Contributors sections as Informative.

Renamed token bNode to nodeID.

Added RDF Model Theory reference.

Added URI Encoding section, pointing at Charmod rules and updated absoluteURI grammar rule to use it.

Removed references to Python literals, reason for \-escaping.

Added 4, 8 required digits for \u, \U string escapes.

Renamed section URIs to URI References.

Appendix B: Open Issues (Informative)


RDF/XML Metadata