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Web & AI in W3C

Presenter: Ruoxi Ran
Duration: 7 min
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Web & AI in W3C

Ruoxi Ran (Roy)

email: ran@w3.org

Move to TPAC folder later

TPAC 2025
Kobe, Japan & online
10-14 November 2025

Okay, finally, AI.

Yeah, it's a really popular topic during this TPAC.

Every topic, if you don't have a good name with AI, maybe you will lose a lot of participants.

Yeah.

So, Dom and I started working on AI months ago in W3C team.

So, we tried to figure out a lot of things in W3C from the W3C team.

TOC

A short briefing on how W3C is engaging with AI — across specifications, community efforts, and the upcoming activities.

  1. Why AI Matters for the Web
  2. AI-Related Works in W3C
  3. upcoming activities on AI

So, today, I will have a short briefing on how W3C is engaging AI.

And we will look at why AI matters for the web, and the AI-related works at W3C, and also some future works from W3C on AI.

Why AI Matters for the Web

AI technologies are increasingly embedded into the Web ecosystem — in browsers, devices, and services.

The Web is becoming both a platform for AI and a space for AI interaction.

Core questions for W3C:

  • When and how should AI systems align with the Web architecture?
  • How can we ensure Security, Privacy, i18n, Sustainability and Accessibility?
  • What standards are needed to enable interoperability across AI systems on the Web?

AI, nowadays, is everywhere.

It even supports global economics.

But to us, I think the most important thing is web technology is increasing, embedding into a web ecosystem.

That's what we care.

So, nowadays, web is become a platform for AI and also a space for AI interaction.

So, W3C is an organization for web.

We have to ask some questions when and how we should align AI with the web architecture.

And also, how can we ensure the security, privacy, I18N and sustainability and accessibility on the web when AI runs in the web.

Yes.

And also, what standard we need to enable AI systems on the web.

So, of course, they may have more questions.

And also, I can't answer those questions right now.

We need all of the W3C community to collaborate on those questions.

W3C's Multi-Group Contributions to Advancing AI

Theme Technologies W3C Groups
AI in Web Platform WebNN, WebGPU, WASM, WebRTC, Prompt API, WebMCP, MCP-UI, etc. WebML WG/CG, WebGPU WG, WebRTC WG, WebAssembly WG, etc,.
Data & Semantics RDF, JSON-LD, Linked Web Storage, AI Knowledge Representation, etc. Data Activity, LWS WG, Semantic Web CG, AI KR CG, etc,.
Web and AI Agents WebDriver, WoT, Payment, Multi-Agent System, AI Agent Protocol, NLWeb, etc,. WebDriver WG, WoT WG, Autonomous Web Agent CG, AI Agent Protocol CG, NLWeb CG, etc,.
AI/Agent Trust and Identity DID, VC, FedCM, etc. DID WG, VC WG, FedID WG, CCG, etc.

So, next, let's see what we have already had for AI in W3C.

Obviously, we have already a lot of things to support AI in the web, like the AI in the web platform.

We have already got WebNN, WebGPU, WebAssembly, things.

And also, nowadays, I notice the Web Machine Learning community group work on some web API to support the LLM and also AI agent things like the Prompt API, WebMCP and the MCP UI.

There are some discussions in the community group.

And also, yes, data and the semantic is also important to AI things.

As we know, W3C have already done those work for decades, like RDF, JSON-LD, and also some new work in W3C in different community groups and the working groups.

And also, web and AI agents.

Recently, I noticed that there are a lot of AI browsers.

I noticed some of them use Web Driver to operate on the web ecosystem, which is also our W3C technology.

And also, Web of Things technology and AI agent communicate with each other within the Web of Things technology.

And also, some multi-agent system and AI agent protocol.

There have already a lot of discussion in the community group in W3C.

And also, our work on DID and the Verifiable Credential, Federated ID things can support the AI agent on the web to make sure their trust and identity things.

W3C's Horizontal Contributions Shaping the Impact of AI

Theme Works Groups
AI Ethics Ethical Principles for Web Machine Learning, Web User Agents WebML WG, TAG
AI Impact on the Web AI impact on Web, AI Agent impact Report W3C Team
Security and Privacy for AI AI Threat modeling, Privacy Principles etc,. Threat modeling CG, PING
AI and Accessibility AI and Accessibility AG WG, ARIA WG, APA WG/RQTF

So, I think technology alone doesn't make the web better.

We also need to make sure the AI on the web is responsible.

So, W3C from the horizontal contribution shapes the impact of the AI.

In Web Machine Learning Working Group, we have ethical principles for web machine learning and also TAG work on the web user agent from the principle things for the agents.

And also, from W3C team, Dominique made some reports like the AI impact on the web.

And also, AI agent impact report.

And also, yeah, there are also a lot of relation discussions happening in security and the privacy and also accessibility groups.

As we see, there are really a lot of groups to support AI can run on the web and they go into the web ecosystem.

But we still think we lack a place to talk about AI in purpose like so.

As I mentioned the question, where we can answer this question.

Web & AI Interest Group

In AC review

[Web & AI IG charter snapshot, see charter at: https://www.w3.org/2025/10/webai-ig-charter.html]

Web & AI Interest Group provides a forum to explore and discuss how emerging AI-related technologies impact and intersect with the Web and consider how the community could collaborate to shape these evolutions for the benefit of web users.

Discussions in advance.

So, months ago, we tried to set up an interest group called Web and AI Interest Group.

Now this charter has already gone into the AC review.

I believe most of you have already received the review request.

Please, help to review this charter.

And yeah, this interest group wants to provide a forum to explore and discuss how emerging AI related to technology impacts and intersects with the web.

And also consider how the community could collaborate to shape these evolutions for the benefits of a web user.

Workshop: AI Agents & the Web Browsers

In preparation

[ai-agent-workshop issue snapshot at:https://github.com/w3c/strategy/issues/507]

AI Agents & the Web Browsers workshop to explore the intersection of AI Agents and Web Browsers.

And besides this interest group, we also want to host a workshop in the near future.

Now this workshop is still in discussion.

If you want to have any comments, please find this slide and go into the GitHub issue.

And we want this workshop focused on the AI agents and web browser to explore the intersection of the AI agents and the web browsers.

Call for Collaboration on Web & AI

  • Engage with the Web & AI Interest Group
    • To be established this month
    • Explore AI and the Web from a holistic and strategic perspective
  • Collaborate with other AI-related groups
    • Contribute use cases, requirements, and technical insights
    • Help shape the standards for AI on the Web
  • Participate in the upcoming AI Agents & the Web Workshop

Okay, to wrap up, we welcome people can collaboration on the web and AI.

Not because it's a really hot topic, but it's really important to the web.

There are several ways I listed here, maybe engaging the upcoming, if there is no objection, the upcoming Web AI interest group, to explore the AI and the web from a holistic and strategic perspective.

And also I listed a lot of working groups so you can join them and to contribute to your use case and the requirements and technical insights, help to shape the standard use for AI.

And also welcome to join the discussion and upcoming the AI agent and the workshop.

And by the way, in next hour, we will have AI agent and the web breakout session.

Also welcome to communicate with Dominique there.

Thank you!

Roy Ruoxi Ran: ran@w3.org

TPAC 2025
Kobe, Japan & online
10-14 November 2025

Yes, that's all I have for today.

Thank you.

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