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This document defines the vocabulary for the EPUB Annotations 1.0 specification.
RDF versions of the vocabulary, in
Turtle [turtle]
and JSON-LD [json-ld11],
as well as a JSON-LD @context, are also available.
This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. A list of current W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be found in the W3C standards and drafts index.
This document describes the EPUB Annotations Vocabulary 1.0, i.e., an RDFS [rdf-schema] vocabulary formalizing the terms defined in the EPUB Annotations 1.0 specification. The vocabulary is a "profile" of the W3C Web Annotation Vocabulary.
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This document is governed by the 18 August 2025 W3C Process Document.
This specification makes use of the following namespaces:
eahttp://www.w3.org/ns/ea#oahttp://www.w3.org/ns/oa#ashttp://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#foafhttp://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/dchttp://purl.org/dc/terms/dctermshttp://purl.org/dc/terms/owlhttp://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#rdfhttp://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#rdfshttp://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#xsdhttp://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#The following are class definitions in the ea namespace.
Information about the EPUB publication
See the formal definition of the term.
about@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldEPUB Annotation Object
See the formal definition of the term.
oa:Annotationitemsbody, motivation, target@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldSet of annotations
See the formal definition of the term.
about, generator, items, setTitle@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldBody of an EPUB Annotation
See the formal definition of the term.
oa:TextualBodybodycolor, highlight, tags@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldCreator of an EPUB Annotation
See the formal definition of the term.
Person, Organization, or Software for typing, as these are the only
available creator types.foaf:Person ⊔ foaf:Organization ⊔ as:Applicationcreatorname@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldFragment Selector in EPUB
See the formal definition of the term.
oa:FragmentSelectorconformsTo@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldGenerator
See the formal definition of the term.
generatorhomepagename@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldMeta
See the formal definition of the term.
meta@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldEPUB Annotation selector
See the formal definition of the term.
FragmentSelector ⊔ oa:CssSelector ⊔ oa:TextPositionSelectorrefinedBy, selectorrefinedBy@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldTarget of an EPUB Annotation.
See the formal definition of the term.
targetmeta, selector, source@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldThe following are property definitions in the ea namespace.
Information on the EPUB publication
See the formal definition of the term.
AnnotationSetAbout@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldDesignates the body of an annotation
See the formal definition of the term.
oa:hasBodyAnnotationBody@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldHighlight color
See the formal definition of the term.
Body@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldDesignates the fragment format
See the formal definition of the term.
dcterms:conformsToFragmentSelectordcterms:Standardhttps://tools.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3236.html, http://www.w3.org/TR/media-frags/, https://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/, https://wicg.github.io/scroll-to-text-fragment/@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldInformation on the creator of an annotation
See the formal definition of the term.
dcterms:creatorCreator@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldInformation on the tool generating the annotations
See the formal definition of the term.
as:generatorAnnotationSetGenerator@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldHighlight mode
See the formal definition of the term.
Body@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldHomepage of the tool generating the annotations
See the formal definition of the term.
The property's value should be a URL, i.e., not a literal.
foaf:homepageGenerator@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldItems in a set of annotations
See the formal definition of the term.
AnnotationSetAnnotation
In a JSON-LD representation, values to this property are supposed to be represented in the form of a JSON array, even if there is just a single value.
@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldMeta
See the formal definition of the term.
TargetMeta@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldProvides the motivation for an annotation
See the formal definition of the term.
oa:motivatedByAnnotationoa:Motivationoa:bookmarking, oa:commenting,
oa:highlighting@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldName
See the formal definition of the term.
foaf:nameCreator ⊔ Generatorxsd:string@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldSelector refinement
See the formal definition of the term.
oa:refinedBy property to the list
of Selector types available in EPUB.oa:refinedBySelectorSelector@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldDesignates the selector(s) for a target
See the formal definition of the term.
oa:hasSelectorTargetSelector@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldDesignates the source resource for the target
See the formal definition of the term.
The property's value should be a URL, i.e., not a literal.
oa:hasSourceTarget@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldDesignates the target resource for the EPUB annotation
See the formal definition of the term.
oa:hasTargetAnnotationTarget@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldTitle of the Annotation Set
See the formal definition of the term.
In the generated JSON-LD context file this term appears as "title".
AnnotationSetxsd:string@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldThe following are definitions for individuals in the ea namespace.
Pink selection color
See the formal definition of the term.
@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldOrange selection color
See the formal definition of the term.
@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldYellow selection color
See the formal definition of the term.
@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldGreen selection color
See the formal definition of the term.
@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldBlue selection color
See the formal definition of the term.
@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldPurple selection color
See the formal definition of the term.
@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldSolid selection highlight
See the formal definition of the term.
@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldUnderline selection highlight
See the formal definition of the term.
@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldStrikethrough selection highlight
See the formal definition of the term.
@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonldOutline selection highlight
See the formal definition of the term.
@context:https://www.w3.org/ns/epub-anno.jsonld