HTML: The Markup Language

Abstract

This non-normative reference describes the HTML markup language and provides details to help producers of HTML content create documents that conform to the language. It is intended to complement the normative conformance criteria defined in the HTML5: A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and XHTML specification, as well as information in related deliverables published by the HTML Working Group and from other sources. By design, this reference does not describe related APIs in detail, nor attempt to explain how implementations that are consumers of HTML content are meant to process documents (those areas are covered by the HTML5 specification itself), nor attempt to also be a tutorial or “how to” authoring guide.

1. Introduction # T

This document is a non-normative reference that provides details to help producers of HTML content create conformant documents, and to help others check the conformance of existing documents. It has the following design goals:

to describe the syntax and structure of the HTML language
to describe the semantics of HTML elements and their attributes (that is, to describe what the elements and attributes represent)
to be clear and unambiguous
to be as concise and readable as possible

The first two of the above design goals make this reference similar in scope to the [HTML5 for Web Authors] subset of the normative [HTML5] full specification.

Certain purposes are intentionally out of scope for this reference document; specifically, it:

does not provide any descriptions of implementation conformance criteria for HTML consumers; in particular, it does not attempt to explain how Web browsers and other user agents are meant to process documents
does not provide detailed information on APIs related to processing of HTML content by HTML consumers.

For implementation conformance criteria for HTML consumers and detailed information on related APIs, instead see the [HTML5] full specification.

Finally, because this document is intended for use strictly as a reference, it does not attempt to also be a tutorial or “how to” authoring guide.

2. Terminology # T

The following is a list of terms that are used in other sections of this reference.

browsing context

An environment in which UAs present documents to users. A tab or window in a Web browser typically contains a browsing context, as does an iframe, or frame elements in a frameset.

case-insensitive match

An exact comparison of two strings, codepoint for codepoint, except that the characters in the range A-Z and the corresponding characters in the range a-z are considered to also match.

DOM tree

A representation of a document based on the W3C Document Object Model (DOM), as defined in Document Object Model (DOM) Level 3 Core specification, and as explained in the “What is the Document Object Model?” introduction for that specification [DOM Core]. UAs build representations of documents by parsing them and constructing DOM trees from them.

fallback content

Content associated with embedded content, to be used when the embedded content cannot itself be used (for example, when the embedded content is of an unsupported format).

flow content

Flow content consists of flow elements intermixed with normal character data.

HTML producers

HTML authors (that is, people) and applications (such as editors and content management systems) that produce HTML content.

HTML consumers

HTML user agents; that is, applications (such as Web browsers) which consume HTML content.

must

The word must is used in this reference to mark document-conformance requirements that are normatively defined in the HTML5: A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and XHTML full specification. [HTML5].

This reference does not itself normatively define any requirements.

newline

Any of the following:

a U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) character
a U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character
a U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) followed by a U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character

phrasing content

Consists of phrasing elements intermixed with normal character data.

resolve a URL

To resolve a URL to an absolute URL, as defined in [HTML5].

space

Any of the following:

U+0020 SPACE
U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION (tab)
U+000A LINE FEED (LF)
U+000C FORM FEED (FF)
U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)

top-level browsing context

As defined in [HTML5].

transparent

If the content model of a particular element foo is described as transparent, it means:

when element foo is a child of a parent element bar whose content model is allowed to contain flow elements, then the contents of element foo may also contain flow elements
when element foo is a child of a parent element baz whose content model restricts its child elements to only being phrasing elements, then any child elements of element foo are also restricted to only being phrasing elements

UA

An HTML user agent; that is, an application (such as a Web browser) which consumes HTML content.

3. Documents # T

This section defines the term document, and provides additional details related to the definition of that term. It is divided into the following parts:

1. The HTML language and HTML and XML syntaxes
2. The HTML namespace and MIME types
3. Conformant documents
4. Case insensitivity in tag names and attribute names

3.1. The HTML language and HTML and XML syntaxes # T

The term document is used in this reference to mean an instance of the HTML language.

The HTML language is the language described in this reference; it is an abstract language that applications can potentially represent in memory in any number of possible ways, and that can be transmitted using any number of possible concrete syntaxes.

This reference describes two particular concrete syntaxes for the HTML language: One syntax, which is referred to throughout this reference as the HTML syntax, and another syntax, which is referred to throughout this reference as the XML syntax. Web browsers typically implement two separate parsers for processing documents: an HTML parser which is invoked when processing documents in the HTML syntax, and an XML parser which is invoked when processing documents in the XML syntax.

The HTML syntax is the syntax described in the HTML syntax section of this reference.

The XML syntax is defined by rules in the [XML] specification and in the [Namespaces In XML] specification; any syntax-level requirements for documents in the XML syntax described in this reference are intended to be the same as those defined in the XML specification.

3.2. The HTML namespace and MIME types # T

The HTML namespace is defined as http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml. The HTML namespace is the namespace both for documents in the HTML syntax and for documents in the XML syntax.

Documents that are served with the text/html MIME type must match the descriptions in this reference for characteristics of documents in the HTML syntax.

Documents that have an HTML namespace declaration and that are served with an XML MIME type such as text/xml, application/xml, or application/xhtml+xml must match the descriptions in this reference for characteristics of documents in the XML syntax.

3.3. Conformant documents # T

There are two types of conformant documents:

conformant documents in the HTML syntax
conformant documents in the XML syntax

3.3.1. Conformant documents in the HTML syntax #

A conformant document in the HTML syntax must consist of the following parts, in the following order:

Optionally, a single U+FEFF BYTE ORDER MARK (BOM) character.
Any number of comments and space characters.
A doctype.
Any number of comments and space characters.
An html element, with its attributes (if any) and its contents (if any).
The start tag and end tag of the html element can be omitted—as well as, possibly, the start tags and end tags of certain descendants of the html element—in which case the start tag and end tag are considered to be implied.
Any number of comments and space characters.

Documents in the HTML syntax must match the syntax described in the HTML syntax section of this reference.

3.3.1.1. Implied start tags and end tags #

In documents in the HTML syntax, the start tags and end tags of the html element and particular descendants of the html element can be omitted. In cases where tag omission of those particular elements occurs, the document can still be considered, conceptually, to contain the elements—but with their start tags and end tags implied.

The following is an example of a document with implied start tags and end tags for the html, head, and body elements. Note that it is nevertheless a complete, valid document.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<title>A relatively minimal HTML document</title>
<p>Hello World!</p>

The DOM tree constructed from that example by a conformant UA would look like this:

DOCTYPE: html
HTML
- HEAD
  - TITLE
    - #text: A relatively minimal HTML document
  - #text: ↩
- BODY
  - P
    - #text: Hello World!

Note that the DOM tree includes the html, head, and body elements whose start tags and end tags are implied in the document.

3.3.2. Conformant documents in the XML syntax #

A conformant document in the XML syntax must be a namespace-well-formed XML document, as defined in the [Namespaces in XML] specification, and its root element must be an html element.

Documents in the XML syntax must not make use of any features of the HTML syntax that do not follow XML well-formedness constraints (for example, documents in the XML syntax must not use unquoted attribute value syntax and must not omit tags).

3.4. Case insensitivity in tag names and attribute names # T

In documents in the HTML syntax:

Tag names for HTML elements may be written with any mix of lowercase and uppercase letters that are a case-insensitive match for the names of the elements given in the HTML elements section of this document; that is, tag names are case-insensitive.
Attribute names for HTML elements may be written with any mix of lowercase and uppercase letters that are a case-insensitive match for the names of the attributes given in the HTML elements section of this document; that is, attribute names are case-insensitive.

In documents in the XML syntax:

Tag names for HTML elements must exactly match the names of the elements given in the HTML elements section of this document; that is, tag names are case-sensitive.
Attribute names for HTML elements must exactly match the names of the attributes given in the HTML elements section of this document; that is, attribute names are case-sensitive.

4. HTML syntax # T

This section describes the HTML syntax in detail. In places, it also notes differences between the the HTML syntax and the XML syntax, but it does not describe the XML syntax in detail (the XML syntax is instead defined by rules in the [XML] specification and in the [Namespaces in XML] specification).

This section is divided into the following parts:

1. The doctype
2. Character encoding declaration
3. Elements
4. Attributes
5. Text and character data
6. Character references
7. Comments
8. SVG and MathML elements in HTML documents
9. CDATA sections in SVG and MathML contents

4.1. The doctype # T

A doctype (sometimes capitalized as “DOCTYPE”) is an special instruction which, for legacy reasons that have to do with processing modes in browsers, is a required part of any document in the HTML syntax; it must match the characteristics of one of the following three formats:

normal doctype
deprecated doctype
legacy-tool-compatible doctype

A normal doctype consists of the following parts, in exactly the following order:

Any case-insensitive match for the string "<!DOCTYPE".
One or more space characters.
Any case-insensitive match for the string "HTML".
Optionally, one or more space characters.
A ">" character.

The following is an example of a conformant normal doctype.

<!DOCTYPE html>

A deprecated doctype consists of the following parts, in exactly the following order:

Any case-insensitive match for the string "<!DOCTYPE".
One or more space characters.
Any case-insensitive match for the string "HTML".
One or more space characters.
Any case-insensitive match for the string "PUBLIC".
One or more space characters.
A quote mark (public ID), consisting of either a """ character or a "'" character.
A permitted public ID
A matching quote mark (public ID), identical to the quote mark (public ID) used earlier (either a """ character or a "'" character).
Conditionally, depending on whether it is part of a permitted-public-ID-system-ID-combination, the following parts, in exactly the following order:
1. One or more space characters.
2. A quote mark (system ID), consisting of either a """ character or a "'" character.
3. A permitted system ID
4. A matching quote mark (system ID), identical to the quote mark (system ID) used earlier (either a """ character or a "'" character).
Optionally, one or more space characters.
A ">" character.

A permitted-public-ID-system-ID-combination is any combination of a public ID (the first quoted string in the doctype) and system ID (the second quoted string, if any, in the doctype) such that the combination corresponds to one of the six deprecated doctypes in the following list of deprecated doctypes:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">

A legacy-tool-compatible doctype consists of the following parts, in exactly the following order:

Any case-insensitive match for the string "<!DOCTYPE".
One or more space characters.
Any case-insensitive match for the string "HTML".
One or more space characters.
Any case-insensitive match for the string "SYSTEM".
One or more space characters
A quote mark, consisting of either a """ character or a "'" character.
The literal string "about:legacy-compat".
A matching quote mark, identical to the quote mark used earlier (either a """ character or a "'" character).
Optionally, one or more space characters.
A ">" character.

The following is examples of a conformant legacy-tool-compatible doctype.

<!doctype HTML system "about:legacy-compat">

4.2. Character encoding declaration # T

A character encoding declaration is a mechanism for specifying the character encoding used to store or transmit a document.

The following restrictions apply to character encoding declarations:

The character encoding name given must be the name of the character encoding used to serialize the file.
The value must be a valid character encoding name, and must be the preferred name for that encoding, as specified in the IANA [Character Sets] registry.
The character encoding declaration must be serialized without the use of character references or character escapes of any kind.
The element containing the character encoding declaration must be serialized completely within the first 512 bytes of the document.

If the document does not start with a U+FEFF BYTE ORDER MARK (BOM) character, and if its encoding is not explicitly given by a Content-Type HTTP header, then the character encoding used must be an ASCII-compatible character encoding, and, in addition, if that encoding isn't US-ASCII itself, then the encoding must be specified using a meta element with a charset attribute or a meta element in the encoding declaration state.

If the document contains a meta element with a charset attribute or a meta element in the encoding declaration state, then the character encoding used must be an ASCII-compatible character encoding.

An ASCII-compatible character encoding is one that is a superset of US-ASCII (specifically, ANSI_X3.4-1968) for bytes in the set 0x09, 0x0A, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x20 - 0x22, 0x26, 0x27, 0x2C - 0x3F, 0x41 - 0x5A, and 0x61 - 0x7A.

Documents should not use UTF-32, JIS_C6226-1983, JIS_X0212-1990, HZ-GB-2312, JOHAB (Windows code page 1361), encodings based on ISO-2022, or encodings based on EBCDIC.

Documents must not use CESU-8, UTF-7, BOCU-1, or SCSU encodings.

In a document in the XML syntax, the XML declaration, as defined in the XML specification [XML] should be used to provide character-encoding information, if necessary.

4.3. Elements # T

An element’s content model defines the element’s structure: What contents (if any) the element can contain, as well as what attributes (if any) the element can have. The HTML elements section of this reference describes the content models for all of elements that are part of the HTML language. An element must not contain contents or attributes that are not part of its content model.

The contents of an element are any elements, character data, and comments that it contains. Attributes and their values are not considered to be the “contents” of an element.

The text content of an element is as defined in Document Object Model (DOM) Level 3 Core [DOM Core].

A void element is an element whose content model never allows it to have contents under any circumstances. Void elements can have attributes.

The following is a complete list of the void elements in HTML:

area, base, br, col, command, embed, hr, img, input, keygen, link, meta, param, source, track, wbr

The following list describes syntax rules for the the HTML syntax. Rules for the the XML syntax are defined in the XML specification [XML].

tags are used to delimit the start and end of elements in markup. Elements have a start tag to indicate where they begin. Non-void elements have an end tag to indicate where they end.
tag names are used within element start tags and end tags to give the element’s name. HTML elements all have names that only use characters in the range 0–9, a–z, and A–Z.
start tags consist of the following parts, in exactly the following order:
1. A "<" character.
2. The element’s tag name.
3. Optionally, one or more attributes, each of which must be preceded by one or more space characters.
4. Optionally, one or more space characters.
5. Optionally, a "/" character, which may be present only if the element is a void element.
6. A ">" character.
end tags consist of the following parts, in exactly the following order:
1. A "<" character.
2. A "/" character
3. The element’s tag name.
4. Optionally, one or more space characters.
5. A ">" character.
Void elements only have a start tag; end tags must not be specified for void elements.
The start and end tags of certain elements can be omitted. The subsection for each element in the HTML elements section of this reference provides information about which tags (if any) can be omitted for that particular element.
A non-void element must have an end tag, unless the subsection for that element in the HTML elements section of this reference indicates that its end tag can be omitted.
The contents of an element must be placed between just after its start tag (which might be implied, in certain cases) and just before its end tag (which might be implied in certain cases).

4.3.1. Misnested tags #

If an element has both a start tag and an end tag, its end tag must be contained within the contents of the same element in which its start tag is contained. An end tag that is not contained within the same contents as its start tag is said to be a misnested tag.

In the following example, the "</i>" end tag is a misnested tag, because it is not contained within the contents of the b element that contains its corresponding "<i>" start tag.

<b>foo <i>bar</b> baz</i>

4.4. Attributes # T

attributes for an element are expressed inside the element’s start tag. Attributes have a name and a value.

There must never be two or more attributes on the same start tag whose names are a case-insensitive match for each other.

The following list describes syntax rules for attributes in documents in the HTML syntax. Syntax rules for attributes in documents in the XML syntax. are defined in the XML specification [XML].

attribute names must consist of one or more characters other than the space characters, U+0000 NULL, """, "'", ">", "/", "=", the control characters, and any characters that are not defined by Unicode.
XML-compatible attribute names are those that match the Name production defined in the XML specification [XML] and that contain no ":" characters, and whose first three characters are not a case-insensitive match for the string "xml".
attribute values can contain text and character references, with additional restrictions depending on whether they are unquoted attribute values, single-quoted attribute values, or double-quoted attribute values. Also, the HTML elements section of this reference describes further restrictions on the allowed values of particular attributes, and attributes must have values that conform to those restrictions.

In the the HTML syntax, attributes can be specified in four different ways:

empty attribute syntax
unquoted attribute-value syntax
single-quoted attribute-value syntax
double-quoted attribute-value syntax

empty attribute syntax

Certain attributes may be specified by providing just the attribute name, with no value.

In the following example, the disabled attribute is given with the empty attribute syntax:

<input disabled>

Note that empty attribute syntax is exactly equivalent to specifying the empty string as the value for the attribute, as in the following example.

<input disabled="">

unquoted attribute-value syntax

An unquoted attribute value is specified by providing the following parts in exactly the following order:

an attribute name
zero or more space characters
a single "=" character
zero or more space characters
an attribute value

In addition to the general requirements for attribute values, an unquoted attribute value has the following restrictions:

must not contain any literal space characters
must not contain any """, "'", "=", ">", "<", or "`", characters
must not be the empty string

In the following example, the value attribute is given with the unquoted attribute value syntax:

<input value=yes>

If the value of an attribute using the unquoted attribute syntax is followed by a "/" character, then there must be at least one space character after the value and before the "/" character.

single-quoted attribute-value syntax

A single-quoted attribute value is specified by providing the following parts in exactly the following order:

an attribute name
zero or more space characters
a "=" character
zero or more space characters
a single "'" character
an attribute value
a "'" character.

In addition to the general requirements for attribute values, a single-quoted attribute value has the following restriction:

must not contain any literal "'" characters

In the following example, the type attribute is given with the single-quoted attribute value syntax:

<input type='checkbox'>

double-quoted attribute-value syntax

A double-quoted attribute value is specified by providing the following parts in exactly the following order:

an attribute name
zero or more space characters
a single "=" character
zero or more space characters
a single """ character
an attribute value
a """ character

In addition to the general requirements for attribute values, a double-quoted attribute value has the following restriction:

must not contain any literal """ characters

In the following example, the title attribute is given with the double-quoted attribute value syntax:

<code title="U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN">&lt;</code>

4.5. Text and character data # T

text in element contents (including in comments) and attribute values must consist of Unicode characters, with the following restrictions:

must not contain U+0000 characters
must not contain permanently undefined Unicode characters
must not contain control characters other than space characters

character data contains text, in some cases in combination with character references, along with certain additional restrictions. There are three types of character data that can occur in documents:

normal character data
replaceable character data
non-replaceable character data

normal character data

Certain elements contain normal character data. Normal character data can contain the following:

text
character references

Normal character data has the following restrictions:

must not contain any "<" characters

replaceable character data

In documents in the HTML syntax, the title and textarea elements can contain replaceable character data. Replaceable character data can contain the following:

text, optionally including "<" characters
character references

Replaceable character data has the following restrictions:

must not contain any ambiguous ampersands
must not contain any occurrences of the string "</" followed by characters that are a case-insensitive match for the tag name of the element containing the replaceable character data (for example, "</title" or "</textarea"), followed by a space character, ">", or "/".

Replaceable character data, as described in this reference, is a feature of the HTML syntax that is not available in the XML syntax. Documents in the XML syntax must not contain replaceable character data as described in this reference; instead they must conform to all syntax constraints described in the XML specification [XML].

non-replaceable character data

In documents in the HTML syntax, the script, and style elements can contain non-replaceable character data. Non-replaceable character data can contain the following:

text, optionally including "<" characters
ambiguous ampersands

Non-replaceable character data has the following restrictions:

must not contain character references
must not contain any occurrences of the string "</", followed by characters that are a case-insensitive match for the tag name of the element containing the replaceable character data (for example, "</script" or "</style", followed by a space character, ">", or "/".

Non-replaceable character data, as described in this reference, is a feature of the HTML syntax that is not available in the XML syntax. Documents in the XML syntax must not contain non-replaceable character data as described in this reference; instead they must conform to all syntax constraints defined in the XML specification [XML].

4.6. Character references # T

character references are a form of markup for representing single individual characters. There are three types of character references:

named character references
decimal numeric character references
hexadecimal numeric character references

named character reference

Named character references consist of the following parts in exactly the following order:

An "&" character.
One of the entity names listed in the “Named character references” section of the HTML5 specification [HTML5], using the same case.
A ";" character.

For further information about named character references, see [XML Entities].

The following is an example of a named character reference for the character "†" (U+2020 DAGGER).

&dagger;

decimal numeric character reference

Decimal numerical character references consist of the following parts, in exactly the following order.

An "&" character.
A "#" character.
One or more digits in the range 0–9, representing a base-ten integer that itself is a Unicode code point that is not U+0000, U+000D, in the range U+0080–U+009F, or in the range 0xD8000–0xDFFF (surrogates).
A ";" character.

The following is an example of a decimal numeric character reference for the character "†" (U+2020 DAGGER).

&#8224;

hexadecimal numeric character reference

Hexadecimal numeric character references consist of the following parts, in exactly the following order.

An "&" character.
A "#" character.
Either a "x" character or a "X" character.
One or more digits in the range 0–9, a–f, and A–F, representing a base-sixteen integer that itself is a Unicode code point that is not U+0000, U+000D, in the range U+0080–U+009F, or in the range 0xD800–0xDFFF (surrogates).
A ";" character.

The following is an example of a hexadecimal numeric character reference for the character "†" (U+2020 DAGGER).

&#x2020;

Character references are not themselves text, and no part of a character reference is text.

An ambiguous ampersand is an "&" character that is followed by some text other than a space character, a "<", character, or another "&" character.

4.7. Comments # T

comments consist of the following parts, in exactly the following order:

the comment start delimiter "<!--"
text
the comment end delimiter "-->"

The text part of comments has the following restrictions:

must not start with a ">" character
must not start with the string "->"
must not contain the string "--"
must not end with a "-" character

The following is an example of a comment.

<!-- main content starts here -->

4.8. SVG and MathML elements in HTML documents # T

SVG and MathML elements are elements from the SVG and MathML namespaces. SVG and MathML elements can be used both in documents in the HTML syntax and in documents in the XML syntax. Syntax rules for SVG and MathML elements in documents in the XML syntax are defined in the XML specification [XML]. The following list describes additional syntax rules that specifically apply to SVG and MathML elements in documents in the HTML syntax.

SVG and MathML elements whose start tags have a single "/" character before the closing ">" character are said to be marked as self-closing.
SVG and MathML elements must either have a start tag and an end tag, or a start tag that is marked as self-closing, in which case they must not have an end tag.
SVG and MathML elements whose start tag is marked as self-closing, can’t have any contents.
The contents of an SVG or MathML element whose start tag is not marked as self-closing are any elements, character data, comments, and CDATA sections that it contains, with the restriction that any character data it contains must be normal character data.

4.9. CDATA sections in SVG and MathML contents # T

CDATA sections in SVG and MathML contents in documents in the HTML syntax consist of the following parts, in exactly the following order:

the CDATA start delimiter "<![CDATA["
text, with the additional restriction that the text must not contain the string "]]>“
the CDATA end delimiter "]]>"

CDATA sections are allowed only in the contents of elements from the SVG and MathML namespaces.

The following shows an example of a CDATA section.

<annotation encoding="text/latex">
  <![CDATA[\documentclass{article}
  \begin{document}
  \title{E}
  \maketitle
  The base of the natural logarithms, approximately 2.71828.
  \end{document}]]>
</annotation>

5. HTML elements organized by function # T

This section provides an index of HTML elements organized into groups according to function.

5.1. The root element #

ⓘ html – root element

5.2. Document metadata #

ⓘ head – document metadata container
ⓘ title – document title
ⓘ base – base URL
ⓘ link – inter-document relationship metadata
ⓘ meta – metadata CHANGED
ⓘ style – style (presentation) information

5.4. Sections #

ⓘ body – document body
ⓘ section – section NEW
ⓘ nav – group of navigational links NEW
ⓘ article – article NEW
ⓘ aside – tangential content NEW
ⓘ h1 – heading
ⓘ h2 – heading
ⓘ h3 – heading
ⓘ h4 – heading
ⓘ h5 – heading
ⓘ h6 – heading
ⓘ hgroup – heading group NEW
ⓘ header – header NEW
ⓘ footer – footer NEW
ⓘ address – contact information

5.5. Grouping content #

ⓘ p – paragraph
ⓘ hr – thematic break CHANGED
ⓘ br – line break
ⓘ pre – preformatted text
ⓘ blockquote – block quotation
ⓘ ol – ordered list
ⓘ ul – unordered list
ⓘ li – list item
ⓘ dl – description list
ⓘ dt – term or name
ⓘ dd – description or value
ⓘ figure – figure with optional caption NEW
ⓘ figcaption – figure caption NEW
ⓘ div – generic flow container

5.6. Text-level semantics #

ⓘ a – hyperlink CHANGED
ⓘ em – emphatic stress
ⓘ strong – strong importance
ⓘ small – small print CHANGED
ⓘ s – struck text CHANGED
ⓘ cite – cited title of a work CHANGED
ⓘ q – quoted text
ⓘ dfn – defining instance
ⓘ abbr – abbreviation
ⓘ time – date and/or time NEW
ⓘ code – code fragment
ⓘ var – variable or placeholder text
ⓘ samp – (sample) output
ⓘ kbd – user input
ⓘ sub – subscript
ⓘ sup – superscript
ⓘ i – offset text conventionally styled in italic CHANGED
ⓘ b – offset text conventionally styled in bold CHANGED
ⓘ u – offset text conventionally styled with an underline CHANGED
ⓘ mark – marked (highlighted) text NEW
ⓘ ruby – ruby annotation NEW
ⓘ rt – ruby text NEW
ⓘ rp – ruby parenthesis NEW
ⓘ bdi – BiDi isolate NEW
ⓘ bdo – BiDi override
ⓘ span – generic span

5.7. Edits #

ⓘ ins – inserted text
ⓘ del – deleted text

5.8. Embedded content #

ⓘ img – image
ⓘ iframe – nested browsing context (inline frame)
ⓘ embed – integration point for plugins NEW
ⓘ object – generic external content
ⓘ param – initialization parameters for plugins
ⓘ video – video NEW
ⓘ audio – audio stream NEW
ⓘ source – media source NEW
ⓘ track – supplementary media track NEW
ⓘ canvas – canvas for dynamic graphics NEW
ⓘ map – image-map definition
ⓘ area – image-map hyperlink

5.11. Interactive elements #

ⓘ details – control for additional on-demand information NEW
ⓘ summary – summary, caption, or legend for a details control NEW
ⓘ command – command NEW
ⓘ menu – list of commands CHANGED

6. HTML elements # T

The complete set of HTML elements is the set of elements described in the following sections.

ⓘ a – hyperlink CHANGED
ⓘ abbr – abbreviation
ⓘ address – contact information
ⓘ area – image-map hyperlink
ⓘ article – article NEW
ⓘ aside – tangential content NEW
ⓘ audio – audio stream NEW
ⓘ b – offset text conventionally styled in bold CHANGED
ⓘ base – base URL
ⓘ bdi – BiDi isolate NEW
ⓘ bdo – BiDi override
ⓘ blockquote – block quotation
ⓘ body – document body
ⓘ br – line break
ⓘ button – button
ⓘ button type=submit – submit button
ⓘ button type=reset – reset button
ⓘ button type=button – button with no additional semantics
ⓘ canvas – canvas for dynamic graphics NEW
ⓘ caption – table title
ⓘ cite – cited title of a work CHANGED
ⓘ code – code fragment
ⓘ col – table column
ⓘ colgroup – table column group
ⓘ command – command NEW
ⓘ command type=command – command with an associated action NEW
ⓘ command type=radio – selection of one item from a list of items NEW
ⓘ command type=checkbox – state or option that can be toggled NEW
ⓘ datalist – predefined options for other controls NEW
ⓘ dd – description or value
ⓘ del – deleted text
ⓘ details – control for additional on-demand information NEW
ⓘ dfn – defining instance
ⓘ div – generic flow container
ⓘ dl – description list
ⓘ dt – term or name
ⓘ em – emphatic stress
ⓘ embed – integration point for plugins NEW
ⓘ fieldset – set of related form controls
ⓘ figcaption – figure caption NEW
ⓘ figure – figure with optional caption NEW
ⓘ footer – footer NEW
ⓘ form – user-submittable form
ⓘ h1 – heading
ⓘ h2 – heading
ⓘ h3 – heading
ⓘ h4 – heading
ⓘ h5 – heading
ⓘ h6 – heading
ⓘ head – document metadata container
ⓘ header – header NEW
ⓘ hgroup – heading group NEW
ⓘ hr – thematic break CHANGED
ⓘ html – root element
ⓘ i – offset text conventionally styled in italic CHANGED
ⓘ iframe – nested browsing context (inline frame)
ⓘ img – image
ⓘ input – input control CHANGED
ⓘ input type=text – text-input field
ⓘ input type=password – password-input field
ⓘ input type=checkbox – checkbox
ⓘ input type=radio – radio button
ⓘ input type=button – button
ⓘ input type=submit – submit button
ⓘ input type=reset – reset button
ⓘ input type=file – file upload control
ⓘ input type=hidden – hidden input control
ⓘ input type=image – image-coordinates input control
ⓘ input type=datetime – global date-and-time input control NEW
ⓘ input type=datetime-local – local date-and-time input control NEW
ⓘ input type=date – date input control NEW
ⓘ input type=month – year-and-month input control NEW
ⓘ input type=time – time input control NEW
ⓘ input type=week – year-and-week input control NEW
ⓘ input type=number – number input control NEW
ⓘ input type=range – imprecise number-input control NEW
ⓘ input type=email – e-mail address input control NEW
ⓘ input type=url – URL input control NEW
ⓘ input type=search – search field NEW
ⓘ input type=tel – telephone-number-input field NEW
ⓘ input type=color – color-well control NEW
ⓘ ins – inserted text
ⓘ kbd – user input
ⓘ keygen – key-pair generator/input control NEW
ⓘ label – caption for a form control
ⓘ legend – title or explanatory caption
ⓘ li – list item
ⓘ link – inter-document relationship metadata
ⓘ map – image-map definition
ⓘ mark – marked (highlighted) text NEW
ⓘ menu – list of commands CHANGED
ⓘ meta – metadata CHANGED
ⓘ meta name – name-value metadata
ⓘ meta http-equiv=refresh – “refresh” pragma directive
ⓘ meta http-equiv=default-style – “preferred stylesheet” pragma directive
ⓘ meta charset – document character-encoding declaration NEW
ⓘ meta http-equiv=content-type – document character-encoding declaration
ⓘ meter – scalar gauge NEW
ⓘ nav – group of navigational links NEW
ⓘ noscript – fallback content for script
ⓘ object – generic external content
ⓘ ol – ordered list
ⓘ optgroup – group of options
ⓘ option – option
ⓘ output – result of a calculation in a form NEW
ⓘ p – paragraph
ⓘ param – initialization parameters for plugins
ⓘ pre – preformatted text
ⓘ progress – progress indicator NEW
ⓘ q – quoted text
ⓘ rp – ruby parenthesis NEW
ⓘ rt – ruby text NEW
ⓘ ruby – ruby annotation NEW
ⓘ s – struck text CHANGED
ⓘ samp – (sample) output
ⓘ script – embedded script
ⓘ section – section NEW
ⓘ select – option-selection form control
ⓘ small – small print CHANGED
ⓘ source – media source NEW
ⓘ span – generic span
ⓘ strong – strong importance
ⓘ style – style (presentation) information
ⓘ sub – subscript
ⓘ summary – summary, caption, or legend for a details control NEW
ⓘ sup – superscript
ⓘ table – table
ⓘ tbody – table row group
ⓘ td – table cell
ⓘ textarea – text input area
ⓘ tfoot – table footer row group
ⓘ th – table header cell
ⓘ thead – table heading group
ⓘ time – date and/or time NEW
ⓘ title – document title
ⓘ tr – table row
ⓘ track – supplementary media track NEW
ⓘ u – offset text conventionally styled with an underline CHANGED
ⓘ ul – unordered list
ⓘ var – variable or placeholder text
ⓘ video – video NEW
ⓘ wbr – line-break opportunity NEW

ⓘ a – hyperlink CHANGED # T

The a element represents a hyperlink.

Permitted contents #

transparent (either phrasing content or flow content)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & href & target & rel & hreflang & media & type

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = ID OBSOLETE #

Specifies that its a element is a named hyperlink, with the name given by the value of this attribute.

The name attribute on the a element is obsolete. Consider putting an id attribute on the nearest container instead.

Any string, with the following restrictions:

must be at least one character long
must not contain any space characters

Previous versions of HTML placed greater restrictions on the content of ID values (for example, they did not permit ID values to begin with a number).

ⓘ href = URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

A URL that provides the destination of the hyperlink. If the href attribute is not specified, the element represents a placeholder hyperlink.

ⓘ target = browsing-context name or keyword CHANGED #

A name or keyword giving a browsing context for UAs to use when following the hyperlink.

The target attribute on the a element was deprecated in a previous version of HTML, but is no longer deprecated, as it useful in Web applications, particularly in combination with the iframe element.

Any string that is either of the following:

a browsing-context name
any case-insensitive match for one of the following literal strings: "_blank", "_self", "_parent", or "_top".

ⓘ rel = set of space-separated tokens #

A list of tokens that specify the relationship between the document containing the hyperlink and the destination indicated by the hyperlink.

ⓘ hreflang = language tag #

The language of the destination of the hyperlink.

A valid language tag as defined in [BCP 47].

ⓘ media = media-query list NEW #

The media for which the destination of the hyperlink was designed.

A valid media query list as defined in [Media Queries].

ⓘ type = MIME type #

The MIME type of the destination of the hyperlink.

A string that identifies a valid MIME media type as defined in [RFC 2046].

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element a must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element a must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
The coords attribute on the a element is obsolete. For image maps, use the area element instead of the a element.
The shape attribute on the a element is obsolete. For image maps, use the area element instead of the a element.
The urn attribute on the a element is obsolete. Specify the preferred persistent identifier using the href attribute instead.
The charset attribute on the a element is obsolete. Use an HTTP Content-Type header on the linked resource instead.
The methods attribute on the a element is obsolete. Use the HTTP OPTIONS feature instead.
The rev attribute on the a element is obsolete. Use the rel attribute instead, with a term having the opposite meaning.

Tag omission #

An a element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements, any element that can contain flow elements

Changes in HTML5 #

Although previous versions of HTML restricted the a element to only containing phrasing content (essentially, what was in previous versions referred to as “inline” content), the a element is now transparent; that is, an instance of the a element is now allowed to also contain flow content (essentially, what was in previous versions referred to as “block” content)—if the parent element of that instance of the a element is an element that is allowed to contain flow content.

Details #

If the contents of an a element are empty, the element represents an empty hyperlink.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLAnchorElement : HTMLElement {
  stringifier attribute DOMString href;
           attribute DOMString target;
           attribute DOMString rel;
  readonly attribute DOMTokenList relList;
           attribute DOMString media;
           attribute DOMString hreflang;
           attribute DOMString type;

           attribute DOMString text;

  // URL decomposition IDL attributes
           attribute DOMString protocol;
           attribute DOMString host;
           attribute DOMString hostname;
           attribute DOMString port;
           attribute DOMString pathname;
           attribute DOMString search;
           attribute DOMString hash;
};

Typical default display properties #

a:link, a:visited {

color: (internal value);

text-decoration: underline;

cursor: auto; }

a:link:active, a:visited:active {

color: (internal value); }

Examples #

A hyperlink intended to be useful in output for all media types except the print media type.

<a href="./page2.html" rel=next media="not print">next</a>

The name attribute is obsolete.

<a name="section5"/>

A placeholder hyperlink.

<a>prev</a>

A hyperlink that will cause its target to be opened in a new browsing context.

<a href="http://help.example.com" target="_blank">Help</a>

The value of the href attribute contains a space character.

some <a href="http://example.com/Archive/Public Data/">public</a> data is also available

A hyperlink that represents multiple link types.

<a href="../toc.html" rel="index up">up</a>

A hyperlink that contains a paragraph.

<a href="javascript:void(0);"
  onmouseover="return anno('Note: This paragraph is informative only.')
  onmouseout="return anno_bye();">
<p>The following is introductory information…</p>
</a>

ⓘ abbr – abbreviation # T

The abbr element represents an abbreviation or acronym.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

An abbr element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Details #

The title attribute on the abbr element represents the expansion of the abbreviation or acronym.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

ⓘ address – contact information # T

The address element represents contact information.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The address element must not contain any nested address elements.

Tag omission #

An address element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

Details #

If an address element applies to a body element, then it represents contact information for the document as a whole. If an address element applies to a section of a document, then it represents contact information for that section only.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

address {

display: block; }

address {

font-style: italic; }

ⓘ area – image-map hyperlink # T

The area element represents either a hyperlink with some text and a corresponding area on an image map, or a dead area on an image map.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & alt★ & href★ & target & rel & media & hreflang & type & shape="rect" & coords★ or shape="circle"★ & coords★ or shape="poly"★ & coords★ or shape="default"

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ alt = any value #

The fallback content for the image map.

ⓘ href = URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

A URL that provides the destination of the hyperlink for this area.

ⓘ target = browsing-context name or keyword #

A name or keyword giving a browsing context for UAs to use when following the hyperlink for this area.

Any string that is either of the following:

a browsing-context name
any case-insensitive match for one of the following literal strings: "_blank", "_self", "_parent", or "_top".

ⓘ rel = set of space-separated tokens NEW #

A list of tokens that specify the relationship between the document containing the area and the destination indicated by the area.

ⓘ media = media-query list NEW #

The media for which the destination of the hyperlink was designed.

A valid media query list as defined in [Media Queries].

ⓘ hreflang = language tag NEW #

The language of the destination of the hyperlink.

A valid language tag as defined in [BCP 47].

ⓘ type = MIME type #

The MIME type of the destination of the hyperlink.

A string that identifies a valid MIME media type as defined in [RFC 2046].

ⓘ shape = "rect" & coords = rectangle coordinates # #

Specifies that the shape of the area of this hyperlink on the image map is a rectangle.

A comma-separated list of four integers, in exactly the following order:

an integer representing the distance in CSS pixels from the left edge of the image to the left side of the rectangle
an integer representing the distance in CSS pixels from the top edge of the image to the top side of the rectangle
an integer, greater than the value of the first integer in this list, representing the distance in CSS pixels from the left edge of the image to the right side of the rectangle
an integer, greater than the value of the second integer in this list, representing the distance in CSS pixels from the top edge of the image to the bottom side of the rectangle

ⓘ shape = "circle" & coords = circle coordinates # #

Specifies that the shape of the area of this hyperlink on the image map is a circle.

A comma-separated list of three numbers, in exactly the following order:

an integer representing the distance in CSS pixels from the left edge of the image to the center of the circle
an integer representing the distance in CSS pixels from the top edge of the image to the center of the circle
a non-negative integer, representing the radius of the circle, in CSS pixels

ⓘ shape = "poly" & coords = polygon coordinates # #

Specifies that the shape of the area of this hyperlink on the image map is a polygon.

A comma-separated list of at least six integers, with the total number of integers in the list being even (that is, six or eight or ten numbers, and so on). Each pair of integers represents a coordinate, in CSS pixels, given as the distances from, respectively, the left and the top of the image; all the coordinates together represent the points of the polygon, in order.

ⓘ shape = "default" #

Specifies that the shape of the area of this hyperlink on the image map is a rectangle that exactly covers the entire image.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The area element must have an ancestor map element.
The nohref attribute on the area element is obsolete. Omitting the href attribute is sufficient.

Tag omission #

The area element is a void element. An area element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLAreaElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString coords;
           attribute DOMString shape;
  stringifier attribute DOMString href;
           attribute DOMString target;
           attribute DOMString rel;
  readonly attribute DOMTokenList relList;
           attribute DOMString media;
           attribute DOMString hreflang;
           attribute DOMString type;

  // URL decomposition IDL attributes
           attribute DOMString protocol;
           attribute DOMString host;
           attribute DOMString hostname;
           attribute DOMString port;
           attribute DOMString pathname;
           attribute DOMString search;
           attribute DOMString hash;
};

Typical default display properties #

area {

display: none; }

ⓘ article – article NEW # T

The article element represents a section of content that forms an independent part of a document or site; for example, a magazine or newspaper article, or a blog entry.

Permitted contents #

zero or more style elements, followed by flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The sectioning element article must not appear as a descendant of the address element.

Tag omission #

An article element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

article {

display: block; }

ⓘ aside – tangential content NEW # T

The aside element represents content that is tangentially related to the content that forms the main textual flow of a document.

Permitted contents #

zero or more style elements, followed by flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The sectioning element aside must not appear as a descendant of the address element.

Tag omission #

An aside element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

Details #

In printed documents, the type of tangential content that the aside element represents is sometimes formatted as a sidebar or annotation or footnote.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

aside {

display: block; }

aside {

font-size: 1.5em;

margin-before: 0.83em;

margin-after: 0.83em; }

aside, aside {

font-size: 1.17em;

margin-before: 1em;

margin-after: 1em; }

aside, aside, aside {

font-size: 1.00em;

margin-before: 1.33em;

margin-after: 1.33em; }

aside, aside, aside, aside {

font-size: .83em;

margin-before: 1.67em;

margin-after: 1.67em; }

aside, aside, aside, aside, aside {

font-size: .67em;

margin-before: 2.33em;

margin-after: 2.33em; }

ⓘ audio – audio stream NEW # T

An audio element represents an audio stream.

Permitted contents #

Transparent, with the following specific structure:

a src attribute, or one or more source elements followed by zero or more track elements, followed by flow content

a src attribute, or one or more source elements followed by zero or more track elements, followed by phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & autoplay & preload & controls & loop & mediagroup & src

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ autoplay = "autoplay" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Instructs the UA to automatically begin playback of the audio stream as soon as it can do so without stopping.

ⓘ preload = "none" or "metadata" or "auto" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Represents a hint to the UA about whether optimistic downloading of the audio stream itself or its metadata is considered worthwhile.

"none": Hints to the UA that the user is not expected to need the audio stream, or that minimizing unnecessary traffic is desirable.
"metadata": Hints to the UA that the user is not expected to need the audio stream, but that fetching its metadata (duration and so on) is desirable.
"auto": Hints to the UA that optimistically downloading the entire audio stream is considered desirable.

Specifying the empty string is equivalent to specifying the value "auto".

ⓘ controls = "controls" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Instructs the UA to expose a user interface for controlling playback of the audio stream.

ⓘ loop = "loop" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Instructs the UA to seek back to the start of the audio stream upon reaching the end.

ⓘ mediagroup = string #

Instructs the UA to link multiple videos and/or audio streams together.

ⓘ src = Non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

The URL for the audio stream.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element audio with the attribute controls must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element audio with the attribute controls must not appear as a descendant of the button element.

Tag omission #

An audio element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements, any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

[NamedConstructor=Audio(),
 NamedConstructor=Audio(in DOMString src)]
interface HTMLAudioElement : HTMLMediaElement {};

ⓘ b – offset text conventionally styled in bold CHANGED # T

The b element represents a span of text offset from its surrounding content without conveying any extra emphasis or importance, and for which the conventional typographic presentation is bold text; for example, keywords in a document abstract, or product names in a review.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A b element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Changes in HTML5 #

Although previous versions of HTML defined the b element only in presentational terms, the element has now been given the specific semantic purpose of representing text “offset from its surrounding content without conveying any extra emphasis or importance, and for which the conventional typographic presentation is bold text”.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

b {

font-weight: bolder; }

ⓘ base – base URL # T

The base element specifies a document-wide base URL for the purposes of resolving relative URLs, and a document-wide default browsing context name for the purposes of following hyperlinks.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & href★ & target or target★

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ href = URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

The base URL for the document.

ⓘ target = browsing-context name or keyword NEW #

A browsing context name or keyword for use in following hyperlinks.

Any string that is either of the following:

a browsing-context name
any case-insensitive match for one of the following literal strings: "_blank", "_self", "_parent", or "_top".

Tag omission #

The base element is a void element. A base element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

head

DOM interface #

interface HTMLBaseElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString href;
           attribute DOMString target;
};

ⓘ bdi – BiDi isolate NEW # T

The bdi element represents a span of text that is isolated from its surroundings for the purposes of bidirectional text formatting [BIDI].

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A bdi element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

ⓘ bdo – BiDi override # T

The bdo element represents an explicit text directionality formatting control for its children; it provides a means to specify a direction override of the Unicode BiDi algorithm [BIDI].

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

A bdo element must have a dir attribute.

Tag omission #

A bdo element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

ⓘ blockquote – block quotation # T

The blockquote element represents a section that is quoted from another source.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & cite

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ cite = URL potentially surrounded by spaces #: A URL referencing the original source for the quoted material.

Tag omission #

A blockquote element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLQuoteElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString cite;
};

Typical default display properties #

blockquote {

display: block;

margin-before: 1em;

margin-after: 1em;

margin-start: 40px;

margin-end: 40px; }

ⓘ body – document body # T

The body element represents the body of a document (as opposed to the document’s metadata).

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & onafterprint & onbeforeprint & onbeforeunload & onblur & onerror & onfocus & onhashchange & onload & onmessage & onoffline & ononline & onpopstate & onredo & onresize & onstorage & onundo & onunload

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ onafterprint = functionbody NEW #: User printed current document.
ⓘ onbeforeprint = functionbody NEW #: User requested printing of current document.
ⓘ onbeforeunload = functionbody NEW #: Document is about to be unloaded.
ⓘ onblur = functionbody #: Document lost focus.
ⓘ onerror = functionbody NEW #: Document failed to load properly.
ⓘ onfocus = functionbody #: Document received focus.
ⓘ onhashchange = functionbody NEW #: Fragment identifier part of the document’s current address changed.
ⓘ onload = functionbody #: Document finished loading.
ⓘ onmessage = functionbody NEW #: Document received a message.
ⓘ onoffline = functionbody NEW #: Network connections failed.
ⓘ ononline = functionbody NEW #: Network connections returned.
ⓘ onpopstate = functionbody NEW #: User navigated session history.
ⓘ onredo = functionbody NEW #: User went forward in undo transaction history.
ⓘ onresize = functionbody NEW #: Document view was resized.
ⓘ onstorage = functionbody NEW #: Storage area changed.
ⓘ onundo = functionbody NEW #: User went backward in undo transaction history.
ⓘ onunload = functionbody #: Document is going away.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The alink attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The background attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The bgcolor attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The link attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The marginbottom attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The marginheight attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The marginleft attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The marginright attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The margintop attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The marginwidth attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The text attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The vlink attribute on the body element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A body element’s start tag may be omitted if the first thing inside the body element is not a space character or a comment, except if the first thing inside the body element is a script or style element.

A body element’s end tag may be omitted if the body element is not immediately followed by a comment and the element is either not empty or its start tag has not been omitted.

Permitted parent elements #

html

DOM interface #

interface HTMLBodyElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute Function onafterprint;
           attribute Function onbeforeprint;
           attribute Function onbeforeunload;
           attribute Function onblur;
           attribute Function onerror;
           attribute Function onfocus;
           attribute Function onhashchange;
           attribute Function onload;
           attribute Function onmessage;
           attribute Function onoffline;
           attribute Function ononline;
           attribute Function onpopstate;
           attribute Function onpagehide;
           attribute Function onpageshow;
           attribute Function onredo;
           attribute Function onresize;
           attribute Function onscroll;
           attribute Function onstorage;
           attribute Function onundo;
           attribute Function onunload;
};

Typical default display properties #

body {

display: block;

margin: 8px; }

body:focus {

outline: none; }

ⓘ br – line break # T

The br element represents a line break.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The clear attribute on the br element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The br element is a void element. A br element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLBRElement : HTMLElement {};

ⓘ button – button # T

The button element is a multipurpose element for representing buttons.

The details of the button element are described in the following sections:

button type=submit
button type=reset
button type=button

A button element with no type attribute specified represents the same thing as a button element with its type attribute set to "submit".

ⓘ button type=submit – submit button # T

The button element with a type attribute whose value is "submit" represents a button for submitting a form.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type & value & formaction & autofocus & formenctype & formmethod & formtarget & formnovalidate

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

ⓘ type = "submit" #

Specifies that its button element is a button for submitting a form.

ⓘ value = string #

The value part of the name/value pair associated with this button for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ formaction = Non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces NEW #

The form-submission action for the element.

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ formenctype = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" or "multipart/form-data" or "text/plain" NEW #

A MIME type with which a UA is meant to associate this element for form submission.

ⓘ formmethod = "get" or "post" NEW #

The HTTP method with which a UA is meant to associate this element for form submission.

ⓘ formtarget = browsing-context name or keyword NEW #

A browsing context name or keyword that represents the target of the control.

Any string that is either of the following:

a browsing-context name
any case-insensitive match for one of the following literal strings: "_blank", "_self", "_parent", or "_top".

ⓘ formnovalidate = "formnovalidate" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control whose value is not meant to be validated during form submission.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element button must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element button must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any button element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.

Tag omission #

A button element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLButtonElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute DOMString formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString value;

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;
};

ⓘ button type=reset – reset button # T

The button element with a type attribute whose value is "reset" represents a button for resetting a form.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & value & autofocus

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
ⓘ type = "reset" #: Specifies that its button element is a button for resetting a form.
ⓘ value = string #: The value part of the name/value pair associated with this button for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element button must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element button must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any button element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.

Tag omission #

A button element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLButtonElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute DOMString formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString value;

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;
};

ⓘ button type=button – button with no additional semantics # T

The button element with a type attribute whose value is "button" represents a button with no additional semantics.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & value & autofocus

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
ⓘ type = "button" #: Specifies that its button element is a button with no additional semantics.
ⓘ value = string #: The value part of the name/value pair associated with this button for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element button must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element button must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any button element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.

Tag omission #

A button element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLButtonElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute DOMString formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString value;

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;
};

ⓘ canvas – canvas for dynamic graphics NEW # T

The canvas element represents a resolution-dependent bitmap canvas, which can be used for dynamically rendering of images such as game graphics, graphs, or other images.

Permitted contents #

transparent (either phrasing content or flow content)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & height & width

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ height = non-negative integer #: The height of the canvas, in CSS pixels.
ⓘ width = non-negative integer #: The width of the canvas, in CSS pixels.

Tag omission #

A canvas element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements, any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLCanvasElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute unsigned long width;
           attribute unsigned long height;

  DOMString toDataURL(in optional DOMString type, in any... args);
  void toBlob(in FileCallback, in optional DOMString type, in any... args);

  object getContext(in DOMString contextId, in any... args);
};

ⓘ caption – table title # T

The caption element represents the title of the table that is its parent.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The align attribute on the caption element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A caption element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

table

DOM interface #

interface HTMLTableCaptionElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

caption {

display: table-caption;

text-align: center; }

ⓘ cite – cited title of a work CHANGED # T

The cite element represents the cited title of a work; for example, the title of a book mentioned within the main text flow of a document.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A cite element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Changes in HTML5 #

Although previous versions of HTML implied that the cite element can be used to mark up the name of a person, that usage is no longer considered conforming. The cite element now solely represents the cited title of a work; for example, the title of a book, paper, essay, poem, score, song, script, film, TV show, game, sculpture, painting, theater production, play, opera, musical, exhibition, legal case report, or other such work.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

cite {

font-style: italic; }

ⓘ code – code fragment # T

The code element represents a fragment of computer code.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A code element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

code {

font-family: monospace; }

ⓘ col – table column # T

The col element represents one or more columns in the column group represented by its colgroup parent.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & span

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ span = positive integer #: Specifies the number of columns “spanned” by its col element; the col element shares its attributes with all the columns it spans.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The align attribute on the col element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The width attribute on the col element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The char attribute on the col element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The charoff attribute on the col element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The valign attribute on the col element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The col element is a void element. A col element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

colgroup

DOM interface #

interface HTMLTableColElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute unsigned long span;
};

Typical default display properties #

col {

display: table-column; }

ⓘ colgroup – table column group # T

The colgroup element represents a group of one or more columns in the table that is its parent.

Permitted contents #

zero or more col elements, or an optional span attribute

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & span

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ span = positive integer #: The number of columns in the group.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The width attribute on the colgroup element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The char attribute on the colgroup element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The charoff attribute on the colgroup element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The valign attribute on the colgroup element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A colgroup element's start tag may be omitted if the first thing inside the colgroup element is a col element, and if the element is not immediately preceded by another colgroup element whose end tag has been omitted.

A colgroup element’s end tag may be omitted if the colgroup element is not immediately followed by a space character or a comment.

Permitted parent elements #

table

DOM interface #

interface HTMLTableColElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute unsigned long span;
};

Typical default display properties #

colgroup {

display: table-column-group; }

ⓘ command – command NEW # T

The command element is a multipurpose element for representing commands.

The details of the command element are described in the following sections:

command type=command
command type=radio
command type=checkbox

A command element with no type attribute specified represents the same thing as a command element with its type attribute set to "command".

ⓘ command type=command – command with an associated action NEW # T

The command element with a type attribute whose value is "command" represents a command with an associated action.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & type & label & icon & disabled

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ type = "command" #: Specifies that its command element is a command with an associated action.
ⓘ label = string #: The name of the command, as shown to the user.
ⓘ icon = URL potentially surrounded by spaces #: A URL for an image that represents the command.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the command is not currently available.

Tag omission #

The command element is a void element. A command element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain metadata elements, any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLCommandElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString label;
           attribute DOMString icon;
           attribute boolean disabled;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString radiogroup;};

ⓘ command type=radio – selection of one item from a list of items NEW # T

The command element with a type attribute whose value is "radio" represents a selection of one item from a list of items.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & type★ & radiogroup★ & checked & label & icon & disabled

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ type = "radio" #: Specifies that its command element represents a selection of one item from a list of items.
ⓘ radiogroup = string #: The name of the group of commands that will be toggled when the command itself is toggled.
ⓘ checked = "checked" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the command is selected.
ⓘ label = string #: The name of the command, as shown to the user.
ⓘ icon = URL potentially surrounded by spaces #: A URL for an image that represents the command.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the command is not currently available.

Tag omission #

The command element is a void element. A command element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain metadata elements, any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLCommandElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString label;
           attribute DOMString icon;
           attribute boolean disabled;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString radiogroup;};

ⓘ command type=checkbox – state or option that can be toggled NEW # T

The command element with a type attribute whose value is "checkbox" represents a state or option that can be toggled.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & type★ & checked & label & icon & disabled

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ type = "checkbox" #: Specifies that its command element represents a state or option that can be toggled.
ⓘ checked = "checked" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the command is selected.
ⓘ label = string #: The name of the command, as shown to the user.
ⓘ icon = Non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #: A URL for an image that represents the command.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the command is not currently available.

Tag omission #

The command element is a void element. A command element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain metadata elements, any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLCommandElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString label;
           attribute DOMString icon;
           attribute boolean disabled;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString radiogroup;};

ⓘ datalist – predefined options for other controls NEW # T

The datalist element represents a set of option elements that represent predefined options for other controls.

Permitted contents #

zero or more option elements, intermixed with phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A datalist element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Details #

The contents of the datalist element represent fallback content for legacy user agents, intermixed with option elements that represent the predefined options.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLDataListElement : HTMLElement {
  readonly attribute HTMLCollection options;
};

ⓘ dd – description or value # T

The dd element represents a description or value.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A dd element must have a start tag.

A dd element’s end tag may be omitted if the dd element is immediately followed by another dd element or a dd element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.

Permitted parent elements #

Details #

The dd element represents the description or value part of a term-description (name-value) grouping in a description list.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

dd {

display: block;

margin-start: 40px; }

ⓘ del – deleted text # T

The del element represents a range of text that has been deleted from a document.

Permitted contents #

transparent (either phrasing content or flow content)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & cite & datetime

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ cite = URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

The address of a document that explains why the text was deleted.

ⓘ datetime = date and time or date #

The date and time when the text was deleted.

A valid date-time as defined in [RFC 3339], with these additional qualifications:

the literal letters T and Z in the date/time syntax must always be uppercase
the date-fullyear production is instead defined as four or more digits representing a number greater than 0

Examples:

1990-12-31T23:59:60Z
1996-12-19T16:39:57-08:00

A valid full-date as defined in [RFC 3339], with the additional qualification that the year component is four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.

Example:

1996-12-19

Tag omission #

A del element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements, any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLModElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString cite;
           attribute DOMString dateTime;
};

Typical default display properties #

del {

text-decoration: line-through; }

ⓘ details – control for additional on-demand information NEW # T

The details element represents a control from which the user can obtain additional information or controls on-demand.

Permitted contents #

an optional summary element, followed by flow content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & open

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ open = "open" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the contents of the details element should be shown to the user.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element details must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element details must not appear as a descendant of the button element.

Tag omission #

A details element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLDetailsElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute boolean open;
};

Typical default display properties #

details {

display: block; }

ⓘ dfn – defining instance # T

The dfn element represents the defining instance of a term.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The dfn element must not contain any nested dfn elements.

Tag omission #

A dfn element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

ⓘ div – generic flow container # T

The div element is a generic container for flow content that by itself does not represent anything.

Permitted contents #

zero or more style elements, followed by flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The align attribute on the div element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A div element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

Details #

The div can be used with attributes such as class, lang, xml:lang, and title to add additional semantics and structure to flow content.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLDivElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

div {

display: block; }

ⓘ dl – description list # T

The dl element represents a description list.

Permitted contents #

zero or more of: one or more dt elements, followed by one or more dd elements

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The compact attribute on the dl element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

A dl element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

Details #

The dl element represents a description list, which consists of zero or more term-description (name-value) groupings; each grouping associates one or more terms/names (the contents of dt elements) with one or more descriptions/values (the contents of dd elements).

DOM interface #

interface HTMLDListElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

dl {

display: block;

margin-before: 1em;

margin-after: 1em;

margin-start: 0;

margin-end: 0; }

ⓘ dt – term or name # T

The dt element represents a term or name.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A dt element must have a start tag.

A dt element’s end tag may be omitted if the dt element is immediately followed by another dt element or a dd element.

Permitted parent elements #

Details #

The dt element represents the term or name part of a term-description (name-value) grouping in a description list.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

dt {

display: block; }

ⓘ em – emphatic stress # T

The em element represents a span of text with emphatic stress.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

An em element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

em {

font-style: italic; }

ⓘ embed – integration point for plugins NEW # T

The embed element represents an integration point for external content.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & src & type & height & width & Any other attribute that has no namespace

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ src = Non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #: The address of the content being embedded.
ⓘ type = MIME type #: The MIME type of the plugin to instantiate.; A string that identifies a valid MIME media type as defined in [RFC 2046].
ⓘ height = non-negative integer #: The height of the embedded content, in CSS pixels.
ⓘ width = non-negative integer #: The width of the embedded content, in CSS pixels.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element embed must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element embed must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
The name attribute on the embed element is obsolete. Use the id attribute instead.
The align attribute on the embed element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The hspace attribute on the embed element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The vspace attribute on the embed element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The embed element is a void element. An embed element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Details #

The embed element represents an integration point for external content — typically, non-HTML content such as an application or some other type of interactive content which involves use of a third-party plugin as a handler (rather than being natively supported by the UA).

DOM interface #

interface HTMLEmbedElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString width;
           attribute DOMString height;
};

ⓘ fieldset – set of related form controls # T

The fieldset element represents a set of form controls grouped under a common name.

Permitted contents #

an optional legend element, followed by flow content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

Tag omission #

A fieldset element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLFieldSetElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
           attribute DOMString name;

  readonly attribute DOMString type;

  readonly attribute HTMLFormControlsCollection elements;

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);
};

Typical default display properties #

fieldset {

display: block;

margin-start: 2px;

margin-end: 2px;

padding-before: 0.35em;

padding-start: 0.75em;

padding-end: 0.75em;

padding-after: 0.625em;

border: 2px groove (internal value); }

ⓘ figcaption – figure caption NEW # T

The figcaption element represents a caption or legend for a figure.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A figcaption element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

figure

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

figcaption {

display: block; }

ⓘ figure – figure with optional caption NEW # T

The figure element represents a unit of content, optionally with a caption, that is self-contained, that is typically referenced as a single unit from the main flow of the document, and that can be moved away from the main flow of the document without affecting the document’s meaning.

Permitted contents #

one figcaption element, followed by flow content or flow content followed by an optional figcaption element

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A figure element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

figure {

display: block;

margin-before: 1em;

margin-after: 1em;

margin-start: 40px;

margin-end: 40px; }

ⓘ footer – footer NEW # T

Permitted contents #

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

ⓘ form – user-submittable form # T

The form element represents a user-submittable form.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & action & method & enctype & name & accept-charset & novalidate & target & autocomplete

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ action = Non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

The submission action for the form.

ⓘ method = "get" or "post" #

The HTTP method with which a UA is meant to associate this element for form submission.

ⓘ enctype = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" or "multipart/form-data" or "text/plain" #

A MIME type with which a UA is meant to associate the form contents for form submission.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ accept-charset = list of character-encoding names #

Specifies the character encodings used for form submission.

An ordered set of unique space-separated tokens, each of which must be a valid character encoding name that specifies an ASCII-compatible character encoding.

ⓘ novalidate = "novalidate" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a form that is not meant to be validated during form submission.

ⓘ target = browsing-context name or keyword #

A browsing context or keyword that represents the target of the form.

Any string that is either of the following:

a browsing-context name
any case-insensitive match for one of the following literal strings: "_blank", "_self", "_parent", or "_top".

ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #

Specifies whether the element represents a form for which by default a UA is meant to store the values entered into its input elements by the user (so that the UA can pre-fill the form later).

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The form element must not contain any nested form elements.

Tag omission #

A form element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

DOM interface #

[OverrideBuiltins]
interface HTMLFormElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString acceptCharset;
           attribute DOMString action;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute DOMString enctype;
           attribute DOMString encoding;
           attribute DOMString method;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute boolean noValidate;
           attribute DOMString target;

  readonly attribute HTMLFormControlsCollection elements;
  readonly attribute long length;
  caller getter any (in unsigned long index);
  caller getter any (in DOMString name);

  void submit();
  void reset();
  boolean checkValidity();
};

Typical default display properties #

form {

display: block;

margin-top: 0em; }

ⓘ h1 – heading # T

The h1 through h6 elements are headings for the sections with which they are associated.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The h1 element must not appear as a descendant of the address element.
The align attribute on the h1 element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

An h1 element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements, hgroup

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHeadingElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

h1 {

display: block;

font-size: 2em;

margin-before: 0.67em;

margin-after: 0.67em;

margin-start: 0;

margin-end: 0;

font-weight: bold; }

ⓘ h2 – heading # T

The h1 through h6 elements are headings for the sections with which they are associated.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The h2 element must not appear as a descendant of the address element.
The align attribute on the h2 element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

An h2 element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements, hgroup

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHeadingElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

h2 {

display: block;

font-size: 1.5em;

margin-before: 0.83em;

margin-after: 0.83em;

margin-start: 0;

margin-end: 0;

font-weight: bold; }

ⓘ h3 – heading # T

The h1 through h6 elements are headings for the sections with which they are associated.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The h3 element must not appear as a descendant of the address element.
The align attribute on the h3 element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

An h3 element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements, hgroup

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHeadingElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

h3 {

display: block;

font-size: 1.17em;

margin-before: 1em;

margin-after: 1em;

margin-start: 0;

margin-end: 0;

font-weight: bold; }

ⓘ h4 – heading # T

The h1 through h6 elements are headings for the sections with which they are associated.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The h4 element must not appear as a descendant of the address element.
The align attribute on the h4 element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

An h4 element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements, hgroup

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHeadingElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

h4 {

display: block;

margin-before: 1.33em;

margin-after: 1.33em;

margin-start: 0;

margin-end: 0;

font-weight: bold; }

ⓘ h5 – heading # T

The h1 through h6 elements are headings for the sections with which they are associated.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The h5 element must not appear as a descendant of the address element.
The align attribute on the h5 element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

An h5 element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements, hgroup

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHeadingElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

h5 {

display: block;

font-size: .83em;

margin-before: 1.67em;

margin-after: 1.67em;

margin-start: 0;

margin-end: 0;

font-weight: bold; }

ⓘ h6 – heading # T

The h1 through h6 elements are headings for the sections with which they are associated.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The h6 element must not appear as a descendant of the address element.
The align attribute on the h6 element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

An h6 element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements, hgroup

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHeadingElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

h6 {

display: block;

font-size: .67em;

margin-before: 2.33em;

margin-after: 2.33em;

margin-start: 0;

margin-end: 0;

font-weight: bold; }

ⓘ head – document metadata container # T

The head element collects the document’s metadata.

Permitted contents #

one title element, intermixed with an optional base element, intermixed with metadata elements

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The profile attribute on the head element is obsolete. To declare which meta element terms are used in the document, instead register the names as meta extensions. To trigger specific UA behaviors, use a link element instead.

Tag omission #

A head element’s start tag may be omitted if the first thing inside the head element is an element.

A head element’s end tag may be omitted if the head element is not immediately followed by a space character or a comment.

Permitted parent elements #

html

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHeadElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

head {

display: none; }

ⓘ header – header NEW # T

The header element represents the header of a section.

Permitted contents #

flow content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The header element must not appear as a descendant of the footer element.
The header element must not appear as a descendant of the address element.
The header element must not appear as a descendant of the header element.

Tag omission #

A header element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

Details #

The header element typically contains the headings for a section (an h1-h6 element or hgroup element), along with content such as introductory material or navigational aids for the section.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

header {

display: block; }

ⓘ hgroup – heading group NEW # T

The hgroup element represents a group of headings.

Permitted contents #

one or more of: one h1 element, or one h2 element, or one h3 element, or one h4 element, or one h5 element, or one h6 element

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

A hgroup element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

Details #

The hgroup element is typically used to group a set of one or more h1-h6 elements — to group, for example, a section title and an accompanying subtitle.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

hgroup {

display: block; }

ⓘ hr – thematic break CHANGED # T

The hr element represents a paragraph-level thematic break.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The align attribute on the hr element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The width attribute on the hr element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The noshade attribute on the hr element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The size attribute on the hr element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The color attribute on the hr element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The hr element is a void element. An hr element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain flow elements

Changes in HTML5 #

Although previous versions of HTML defined the hr element only in presentational terms, the element has now been given the specific semantic purpose of representing a “paragraph-level thematic break”.

Details #

Some examples of thematic breaks that can be marked up using the hr element include a scene change in a story, or a transition to another topic within a section of a reference book.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHRElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

hr {

display: block;

margin-before: 0.5em;

margin-after: 0.5em;

margin-start: auto;

margin-end: auto;

border-style: inset;

border-width: 1px; }

ⓘ html – root element # T

The html element represents the root of a document.

Permitted contents #

one head element, followed by one body element

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & manifest

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ manifest = Non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces NEW #: The address of the document’s application cache manifest (which controls caching of content for offline use).

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The version attribute on the html element is obsolete. You can safely omit it.

Tag omission #

An html element’s start tag may be omitted if the first thing inside the html element is not a comment.

An html element’s end tag may be omitted if the html element is not immediately followed by a comment and the element contains a body element that is either not empty or whose start tag has not been omitted.

DOM interface #

interface HTMLHtmlElement : HTMLElement {};

Typical default display properties #

html {

display: block; }

html:focus {

outline: none; }

ⓘ i – offset text conventionally styled in italic CHANGED # T

The i element represents a span of text offset from its surrounding content without conveying any extra emphasis or importance, and for which the conventional typographic presentation is italic text; for example, a taxonomic designation, a technical term, an idiomatic phrase from another language, a thought, or a ship name.

Permitted contents #

phrasing content

Permitted attributes #

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.

Tag omission #

An i element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

Changes in HTML5 #

Although previous versions of HTML defined the i element only in presentational terms, the element has now been given the specific semantic purpose of representing text “offset from its surrounding content without conveying any extra emphasis or importance, and for which the conventional typographic presentation is italic text”.

DOM interface #

Uses HTMLElement.

Typical default display properties #

i {

font-style: italic; }

ⓘ iframe – nested browsing context (inline frame) # T

The iframe element introduces a new nested browsing context.

Permitted contents #

normal character data

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & src & name & width & height & sandbox & seamless

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ src = Non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

The address of a page that the nested browsing context is to contain.

ⓘ name = browsing-context name #

A valid browsing context name.

Any string, with the following restrictions:

must not start with a "_" character
must be at least one character long

ⓘ width = non-negative integer #

The width of the iframe, in CSS pixels.

ⓘ height = non-negative integer #

The height of the iframe, in CSS pixels.

ⓘ sandbox = sandbox “allow” keywords list NEW #

Instructs the UA to “sandbox” the iframe by disallowing/disabling various features, and then (optionally) re-allowing/re-enabling particular features.

The presence of this attribute—even if no value is given (that is, the attribute is specified using empty attribute syntax) or even if the value consists only of space characters—instructs the UA to enforce all the following default sandbox restrictions:

plugins are disallowed/disabled within the iframe
forms are disallowed/disabled within the iframe
scripts are disallowed/disabled within the iframe
links to other browsing contexts are disallowed/disabled within the iframe
same-origin treatment of the content hosted by the iframe and the content which hosts the iframe is disallowed/disabled; the iframe is instead treated as being from a unique origin

If any sandbox “allow” keywords are given, they instruct the UA to override particular default sandbox restrictions by re-allowing/re-enabling certain features, as follows:

allow-forms: re-enables forms
allow-scripts: re-enables scripts
allow-top-navigation: re-enables links within the content of the iframe to navigate to its top-level browsing context
allow-same-origin: re-enables same-origin treatment of the content hosted by the iframe and the content which hosts the iframe (instead of forcing the iframe into a unique origin)

ⓘ seamless = "seamless" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Instructs the UA that the iframe element’s browsing context is to be rendered in a manner that makes it appear to be part of the containing document (seamlessly included in the parent document).

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element iframe must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element iframe must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
The longdesc attribute on the iframe element is obsolete. Use a regular a element to link to the description.
The align attribute on the iframe element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The allowtransparency attribute on the iframe element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The frameborder attribute on the iframe element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The marginheight attribute on the iframe element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The marginwidth attribute on the iframe element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The scrolling attribute on the iframe element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

An iframe element must have both a start tag and an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLIFrameElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString srcdoc;
           attribute DOMString name;
  [PutForwards=value] readonly attribute DOMSettableTokenList sandbox;
           attribute boolean seamless;
           attribute DOMString width;
           attribute DOMString height;
  readonly attribute Document contentDocument;
  readonly attribute WindowProxy contentWindow;
};

Typical default display properties #

iframe {

border: 2px inset; }

ⓘ img – image # T

The img element represents an image.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & src★ & alt & height & width & usemap & ismap & border

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ src = Non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #: A URL referencing a non-interactive, optionally animated, image that is neither paged nor scripted.
ⓘ alt = any value #: The fallback content for the image.
ⓘ height = non-negative integer #: The height of the image, in CSS pixels.
ⓘ width = non-negative integer #: The width of the image, in CSS pixels.
ⓘ usemap = hash-name reference #: A hash-name reference to a map element with which to associate the image.
ⓘ ismap = "ismap" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that its img element provides access to a server-side image map.
ⓘ border = zero OBSOLETE #: Specifies that its img element represents a borderless image.; The border attribute on the img element is obsolete. Consider specifying “img { border: 0; }“ in CSS instead.; The literal string "0".

Additional constraints and admonitions #

An img element must have an alt attribute, except under certain conditions. For details, consult guidance on providing text alternatives for images.
The element img with the attribute usemap must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The element img with the attribute usemap must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
The img element with the ismap attribute set must have an ancestor a element with the href attribute.
The longdesc attribute on the img element is obsolete. Use a regular a element to link to the description.
The name attribute on the img element is obsolete. Use the id attribute instead.
The align attribute on the img element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The hspace attribute on the img element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The vspace attribute on the img element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.
The border attribute on the img element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The img element is a void element. An img element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

[NamedConstructor=Image(),
 NamedConstructor=Image(in unsigned long width),
 NamedConstructor=Image(in unsigned long width, in unsigned long height)]
interface HTMLImageElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString crossOrigin;
           attribute DOMString useMap;
           attribute boolean isMap;
           attribute unsigned long width;
           attribute unsigned long height;
  readonly attribute unsigned long naturalWidth;
  readonly attribute unsigned long naturalHeight;
  readonly attribute boolean complete;
};

ⓘ input – input control CHANGED # T

The input element is a multipurpose element for representing input controls.

The details of the input element are described in the following sections:

ⓘ input type=text
ⓘ input type=password
ⓘ input type=checkbox
ⓘ input type=radio
ⓘ input type=button
ⓘ input type=submit
ⓘ input type=reset
ⓘ input type=file
ⓘ input type=hidden
ⓘ input type=image
ⓘ input type=datetime NEW
ⓘ input type=datetime-local NEW
ⓘ input type=date NEW
ⓘ input type=month NEW
ⓘ input type=time NEW
ⓘ input type=week NEW
ⓘ input type=number NEW
ⓘ input type=range NEW
ⓘ input type=email NEW
ⓘ input type=url NEW
ⓘ input type=search NEW
ⓘ input type=tel NEW
ⓘ input type=color NEW

An input element with no type attribute specified represents the same thing as an input element with its type attribute set to "text".

Changes in HTML5 #

Several new input element types have been added, and several new attributes are now allowed on the element.

ⓘ input type=text – text-input field # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "text" represents a one-line plain text edit control for the input element’s value.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type & maxlength & readonly & size & value & autocomplete & autofocus & list & pattern & required & placeholder

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
ⓘ type = "text" #: Specifies that its input element is a one-line plain-text edit control for the input element’s value.
ⓘ maxlength = positive integer #: The maximum allowed value length of the element.
ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.
ⓘ size = positive integer #: The number of options meant to be shown by the control represented by its element.
ⓘ value = string #: Specifies a value for this input element.
ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #: Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.
ⓘ pattern = pattern NEW #: Specifies a regular expression against which a UA is meant to check the value of the control represented by its element.; A regular expression that must match the JavaScript Pattern production as specified in [ECMA 262].
ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.
ⓘ placeholder = string NEW #: A short hint (one word or a short phrase) intended to aid the user when entering data into the control represented by its element.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
  readonly attribute FileList files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date valueAsDate;
           attribute double valueAsNumber;
  readonly attribute HTMLOptionElement selectedOption;
           attribute DOMString width;

  void stepUp(in optional long n);
  void stepDown(in optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;
  void setSelectionRange(in unsigned long start, in unsigned long end, in optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=password – password-input field # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "password" represents a one-line plain-text edit control for entering a password.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & maxlength & readonly & size & value & autocomplete & autofocus & pattern & required & placeholder

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
ⓘ type = "password" #: Specifies that its input element is a one-line plain-text edit control for entering a password.
ⓘ maxlength = positive integer #: The maximum allowed value length of the element.
ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.
ⓘ size = positive integer #: The number of options meant to be shown by the control represented by its element.
ⓘ value = string #: Specifies a value for this input element.
ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #: Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ pattern = pattern NEW #: Specifies a regular expression against which a UA is meant to check the value of the control represented by its element.; A regular expression that must match the JavaScript Pattern production as specified in [ECMA 262].
ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.
ⓘ placeholder = string NEW #: A short hint (one word or a short phrase) intended to aid the user when entering data into the control represented by its element.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
  readonly attribute FileList files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date valueAsDate;
           attribute double valueAsNumber;
  readonly attribute HTMLOptionElement selectedOption;
           attribute DOMString width;

  void stepUp(in optional long n);
  void stepDown(in optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;
  void setSelectionRange(in unsigned long start, in unsigned long end, in optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=checkbox – checkbox # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "checkbox" represents a state or option that can be toggled.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & checked & value & autofocus & required

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
ⓘ type = "checkbox" #: Specifies that its input element represents a state or option that can be toggled.
ⓘ checked = "checked" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a selected control.
ⓘ value = string #: Specifies a value for the input element.
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
  readonly attribute FileList files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date valueAsDate;
           attribute double valueAsNumber;
  readonly attribute HTMLOptionElement selectedOption;
           attribute DOMString width;

  void stepUp(in optional long n);
  void stepDown(in optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;
  void setSelectionRange(in unsigned long start, in unsigned long end, in optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=radio – radio button # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "radio" represents a selection of one item from a list of items (a radio button).

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & checked & value & autofocus & required

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
ⓘ type = "radio" #: Specifies that its input element represents a selection of one item from a list of items.
ⓘ checked = "checked" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a selected control.
ⓘ value = string #: Specifies a value for the input element.
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
  readonly attribute FileList files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date valueAsDate;
           attribute double valueAsNumber;
  readonly attribute HTMLOptionElement selectedOption;
           attribute DOMString width;

  void stepUp(in optional long n);
  void stepDown(in optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;
  void setSelectionRange(in unsigned long start, in unsigned long end, in optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=button – button # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "button" represents a button with no additional semantics.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & value & autofocus

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
ⓘ type = "button" #: Specifies that its input element is a button with no additional semantics.
ⓘ value = string #: Specifies a value for the input element.
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
  readonly attribute FileList files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date valueAsDate;
           attribute double valueAsNumber;
  readonly attribute HTMLOptionElement selectedOption;
           attribute DOMString width;

  void stepUp(in optional long n);
  void stepDown(in optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;
  void setSelectionRange(in unsigned long start, in unsigned long end, in optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=submit – submit button # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "submit" represents a button for submitting a form.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & value & formaction & autofocus & formenctype & formmethod & formtarget & formnovalidate

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

ⓘ type = "submit" #

Specifies that its input element is a button for submitting a form.

ⓘ value = string #

Specifies a value for the input element.

ⓘ formaction = Non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces NEW #

The form-submission action for the element.

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ formenctype = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" or "multipart/form-data" or "text/plain" NEW #

A MIME type with which a UA is meant to associate this element for form submission.

ⓘ formmethod = "get" or "post" NEW #

The HTTP method with which a UA is meant to associate this element for form submission.

ⓘ formtarget = browsing-context name or keyword NEW #

A browsing context name or keyword that represents the target of the control.

Any string that is either of the following:

a browsing-context name
any case-insensitive match for one of the following literal strings: "_blank", "_self", "_parent", or "_top".

ⓘ formnovalidate = "formnovalidate" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control whose value is not meant to be validated during form submission.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
  readonly attribute FileList files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date valueAsDate;
           attribute double valueAsNumber;
  readonly attribute HTMLOptionElement selectedOption;
           attribute DOMString width;

  void stepUp(in optional long n);
  void stepDown(in optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;
  void setSelectionRange(in unsigned long start, in unsigned long end, in optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=reset – reset button # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "reset" represents a button for resetting a form.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & value & autofocus

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
ⓘ type = "reset" #: Specifies that its input element is a button for resetting a form.
ⓘ value = string #: Specifies a value for the input element.
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
  readonly attribute FileList files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date valueAsDate;
           attribute double valueAsNumber;
  readonly attribute HTMLOptionElement selectedOption;
           attribute DOMString width;

  void stepUp(in optional long n);
  void stepDown(in optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;
  void setSelectionRange(in unsigned long start, in unsigned long end, in optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=file – file upload control # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "file" represents a list of file items, each consisting of a file name, a file type, and a file body (the contents of the file).

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & accept & autofocus & required & multiple

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
ⓘ type = "file" #: Specifies that its input element represents a list of file items.
ⓘ accept = list of MIME types #: Provides the UA with a hint of what file types the server is able to accept.; A set of comma-separated strings, each of which is a valid MIME type, with no parameters.
ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.
ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.
ⓘ multiple = "multiple" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #: Specifies that the element allows multiple values.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
  readonly attribute FileList files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date valueAsDate;
           attribute double valueAsNumber;
  readonly attribute HTMLOptionElement selectedOption;
           attribute DOMString width;

  void stepUp(in optional long n);
  void stepDown(in optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;
  void setSelectionRange(in unsigned long start, in unsigned long end, in optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=hidden – hidden input control # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "hidden" represents a value that is not intended to be examined or manipulated by the user.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & value

ⓘ global attributes: Any attributes permitted globally.
ⓘ name = string #: The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.
ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #: Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.
ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #: The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.
ⓘ type = "hidden" #: Specifies that its input element represents a value that is not intended to be examined or manipulated by the user.
ⓘ value = string #: Specifies a value for the input element.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
  readonly attribute FileList files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date valueAsDate;
           attribute double valueAsNumber;
  readonly attribute HTMLOptionElement selectedOption;
           attribute DOMString width;

  void stepUp(in optional long n);
  void stepDown(in optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;
  void setSelectionRange(in unsigned long start, in unsigned long end, in optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=image – image-coordinates input control # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "image" represents either an image from which the UA enables a user to interactively select a pair of coordinates and submit the form, or alternatively a button from which the user can submit the form.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & alt★ & src & formaction & autofocus & formenctype & formmethod & formtarget & formnovalidate & height & width

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

ⓘ type = "image" #

Specifies that its input element represents either an image from which the UA enables a user to interactively select a pair of coordinates and submit the form, or alternatively a button from which the user can submit the form.

ⓘ alt = d:non-empty-string #

Provides a textual label for an alternative button for users and UAs who cannot use the image specified by the src attribute.

ⓘ src = Non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces #

Specifies the location of an image.

ⓘ formaction = Non-empty URL potentially surrounded by spaces NEW #

The form-submission action for the element.

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ formenctype = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" or "multipart/form-data" or "text/plain" NEW #

A MIME type with which a UA is meant to associate this element for form submission.

ⓘ formmethod = "get" or "post" NEW #

The HTTP method with which a UA is meant to associate this element for form submission.

ⓘ formtarget = browsing-context name or keyword NEW #

A browsing context name or keyword that represents the target of the control.

Any string that is either of the following:

a browsing-context name
any case-insensitive match for one of the following literal strings: "_blank", "_self", "_parent", or "_top".

ⓘ formnovalidate = "formnovalidate" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control whose value is not meant to be validated during form submission.

ⓘ height = non-negative integer #

The height of the image, in CSS pixels.

ⓘ width = non-negative integer #

The width of the image, in CSS pixels.

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
  readonly attribute FileList files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date valueAsDate;
           attribute double valueAsNumber;
  readonly attribute HTMLOptionElement selectedOption;
           attribute DOMString width;

  void stepUp(in optional long n);
  void stepDown(in optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;
  void setSelectionRange(in unsigned long start, in unsigned long end, in optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=datetime – global date-and-time input control NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "datetime" represents a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a global date and time (with timezone information).

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & min & max & step (float) & readonly & required & value

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

ⓘ type = "datetime" #

Specifies that its input element is a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a global date and time.

ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #

Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.

ⓘ min = date and time NEW #

The expected lower bound for the element’s value.

A valid date-time as defined in [RFC 3339], with these additional qualifications:

the literal letters T and Z in the date/time syntax must always be uppercase
the date-fullyear production is instead defined as four or more digits representing a number greater than 0

Examples:

1990-12-31T23:59:60Z
1996-12-19T16:39:57-08:00

ⓘ max = date and time NEW #

The expected upper bound for the element’s value.

A valid date-time as defined in [RFC 3339], with these additional qualifications:

the literal letters T and Z in the date/time syntax must always be uppercase
the date-fullyear production is instead defined as four or more digits representing a number greater than 0

Examples:

1990-12-31T23:59:60Z
1996-12-19T16:39:57-08:00

ⓘ step = "any" or positive floating-point number NEW #

Specifies the value granularity of the element’s value.

ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.

ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

ⓘ value = date and time #

A string representing a global date and time.

A valid date-time as defined in [RFC 3339], with these additional qualifications:

the literal letters T and Z in the date/time syntax must always be uppercase
the date-fullyear production is instead defined as four or more digits representing a number greater than 0

Examples:

1990-12-31T23:59:60Z
1996-12-19T16:39:57-08:00

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
  readonly attribute FileList files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date valueAsDate;
           attribute double valueAsNumber;
  readonly attribute HTMLOptionElement selectedOption;
           attribute DOMString width;

  void stepUp(in optional long n);
  void stepDown(in optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;
  void setSelectionRange(in unsigned long start, in unsigned long end, in optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=datetime-local – local date-and-time input control NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "datetime-local" represents a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a local date and time (with no timezone information).

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & min & max & step (float) & readonly & required & value

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

ⓘ type = "datetime-local" #

Specifies that its input element is a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a local date and time.

ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #

Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.

ⓘ min = local date and time NEW #

The expected lower bound for the element’s value.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

A date.
The literal string "T".
A time.

Example:

1985-04-12T23:20:50.52
1996-12-19T16:39:57

ⓘ max = local date and time NEW #

The expected upper bound for the element’s value.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

A date.
The literal string "T".
A time.

Example:

1985-04-12T23:20:50.52
1996-12-19T16:39:57

ⓘ step = "any" or positive floating-point number NEW #

Specifies the value granularity of the element’s value.

ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.

ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

ⓘ value = local date and time #

A string representing a local date and time.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

A date.
The literal string "T".
A time.

Example:

1985-04-12T23:20:50.52
1996-12-19T16:39:57

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
  readonly attribute FileList files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date valueAsDate;
           attribute double valueAsNumber;
  readonly attribute HTMLOptionElement selectedOption;
           attribute DOMString width;

  void stepUp(in optional long n);
  void stepDown(in optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;
  void setSelectionRange(in unsigned long start, in unsigned long end, in optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=date – date input control NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "date" represents a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a date.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & min & max & step (integer) & readonly & required & value

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

ⓘ type = "date" #

Specifies that its input element is a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a date.

ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #

Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.

ⓘ min = date NEW #

The expected lower bound for the element’s value.

A valid full-date as defined in [RFC 3339], with the additional qualification that the year component is four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.

Example:

1996-12-19

ⓘ max = date NEW #

The expected upper bound for the element’s value.

A valid full-date as defined in [RFC 3339], with the additional qualification that the year component is four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.

Example:

1996-12-19

ⓘ step = "any" or positive integer NEW #

Specifies the value granularity of the element’s value.

ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.

ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

ⓘ value = date #

A string representing a date.

A valid full-date as defined in [RFC 3339], with the additional qualification that the year component is four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.

Example:

1996-12-19

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
  readonly attribute FileList files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date valueAsDate;
           attribute double valueAsNumber;
  readonly attribute HTMLOptionElement selectedOption;
           attribute DOMString width;

  void stepUp(in optional long n);
  void stepDown(in optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;
  void setSelectionRange(in unsigned long start, in unsigned long end, in optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=month – year-and-month input control NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "month" represents a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a month.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & min & max & step (integer) & readonly & required & value

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

ⓘ type = "month" #

Specifies that its input element is a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a month.

ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #

Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.

ⓘ min = month NEW #

The expected lower bound for the element’s value.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

Four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.
The literal string "-".
Two digits, representing the month month, in the range 1 ≤ month, ≤ 12.

Example:

1996-12

ⓘ max = month NEW #

The expected upper bound for the element’s value.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

Four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.
The literal string "-".
Two digits, representing the month month, in the range 1 ≤ month, ≤ 12.

Example:

1996-12

ⓘ step = "any" or positive integer NEW #

Specifies the value granularity of the element’s value.

ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.

ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

ⓘ value = month #

A string representing a month.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

Four or more digits representing a number greater than 0.
The literal string "-".
Two digits, representing the month month, in the range 1 ≤ month, ≤ 12.

Example:

1996-12

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
  readonly attribute FileList files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date valueAsDate;
           attribute double valueAsNumber;
  readonly attribute HTMLOptionElement selectedOption;
           attribute DOMString width;

  void stepUp(in optional long n);
  void stepDown(in optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;
  void setSelectionRange(in unsigned long start, in unsigned long end, in optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=time – time input control NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "time" represents a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a time (with no timezone information).

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & min & max & step (float) & readonly & required & value

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

ⓘ type = "time" #

Specifies that its input element is a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a time.

ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #

Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.

ⓘ min = time NEW #

The expected lower bound for the element’s value.

A valid partial-time as defined in [RFC 3339].

Examples:

23:20:50.52
17:39:57

ⓘ max = time NEW #

The expected upper bound for the element’s value.

A valid partial-time as defined in [RFC 3339].

Examples:

23:20:50.52
17:39:57

ⓘ step = "any" or positive floating-point number NEW #

Specifies the value granularity of the element’s value.

ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.

ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

ⓘ value = time #

A string representing a time (with no timezone information).

A valid partial-time as defined in [RFC 3339].

Examples:

23:20:50.52
17:39:57

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean defaultChecked;
           attribute boolean checked;
           attribute DOMString dirName;
           attribute boolean disabled;
  readonly attribute HTMLFormElement form;
  readonly attribute FileList files;
           attribute DOMString formAction;
           attribute DOMString formEnctype;
           attribute DOMString formMethod;
           attribute boolean formNoValidate;
           attribute DOMString formTarget;
           attribute DOMString height;
           attribute boolean indeterminate;
  readonly attribute HTMLElement list;
           attribute DOMString max;
           attribute long maxLength;
           attribute DOMString min;
           attribute boolean multiple;
           attribute DOMString name;
           attribute DOMString pattern;
           attribute DOMString placeholder;
           attribute boolean readOnly;
           attribute boolean required;
           attribute unsigned long size;
           attribute DOMString src;
           attribute DOMString step;
           attribute DOMString type;
           attribute DOMString defaultValue;
           attribute DOMString value;
           attribute Date valueAsDate;
           attribute double valueAsNumber;
  readonly attribute HTMLOptionElement selectedOption;
           attribute DOMString width;

  void stepUp(in optional long n);
  void stepDown(in optional long n);

  readonly attribute boolean willValidate;
  readonly attribute ValidityState validity;
  readonly attribute DOMString validationMessage;
  boolean checkValidity();
  void setCustomValidity(in DOMString error);

  readonly attribute NodeList labels;

  void select();
           attribute unsigned long selectionStart;
           attribute unsigned long selectionEnd;
           attribute DOMString selectionDirection;
  void setSelectionRange(in unsigned long start, in unsigned long end, in optional DOMString direction);
};

ⓘ input type=week – year-and-week input control NEW # T

The input element with a type attribute whose value is "week" represents a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a week.

Permitted contents #

empty (void element)

Permitted attributes #

global attributes & name & disabled & form & type★ & autocomplete & autofocus & list & min & max & step (integer) & readonly & required & value

ⓘ global attributes

Any attributes permitted globally.

ⓘ name = string #

The name part of the name/value pair associated with this element for the purposes of form submission.

ⓘ disabled = "disabled" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that the element represents a disabled control.

ⓘ form = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the form with which to associate the element.

ⓘ type = "week" #

Specifies that its input element is a control for setting the element’s value to a string representing a week.

ⓘ autocomplete = "on" or "off" NEW #

Specifies whether the element represents an input control for which a UA is meant to store the value entered by the user (so that the UA can prefill the form later).

ⓘ autofocus = "autofocus" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element represents a control to which a UA is meant to give focus as soon as the document is loaded.

ⓘ list = ID reference NEW #

The value of the id attribute on the datalist with which to associate the element.

ⓘ min = week NEW #

The expected lower bound for the element’s value.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

Four or more digits representing year year, where year > 0.
The literal string "-W".
Two digits, representing the week week, in the range 1 ≤ week ≤ maxweek, where maxweek is either 52 or 53, depending on the particular year.

Example:

1996-W16

ⓘ max = week NEW #

The expected upper bound for the element’s value.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

Four or more digits representing year year, where year > 0.
The literal string "-W".
Two digits, representing the week week, in the range 1 ≤ week ≤ maxweek, where maxweek is either 52 or 53, depending on the particular year.

Example:

1996-W16

ⓘ step = "any" or positive integer NEW #

Specifies the value granularity of the element’s value.

ⓘ readonly = "readonly" or "" (empty string) or empty #

Specifies that element represents a control whose value is not meant to be edited.

ⓘ required = "required" or "" (empty string) or empty NEW #

Specifies that the element is a required part of form submission.

ⓘ value = week #

A string representing a week.

The following parts, in exactly the following order:

Four or more digits representing year year, where year > 0.
The literal string "-W".
Two digits, representing the week week, in the range 1 ≤ week ≤ maxweek, where maxweek is either 52 or 53, depending on the particular year.

Example:

1996-W16

Additional constraints and admonitions #

The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
The interactive element input must not appear as a descendant of the button element.
Any input element descendant of a label element with a for attribute must have an ID value that matches that for attribute.
The list attribute of the input element must refer to a datalist element.
Element input with attribute type whose value is “button” must have non-empty attribute value.
The usemap attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use the img element instead of the input element for image maps.
The align attribute on the input element is obsolete. Use CSS instead.

Tag omission #

The input element is a void element. An input element must have a start tag but must not have an end tag.

Permitted parent elements #

any element that can contain phrasing elements

DOM interface #

interface HTMLInputElement : HTMLElement {
           attribute DOMString accept;
           attribute DOMString alt;
           attribute DOMString autocomplete;
           attribute boolean autofocus;
           attribute boolean

HTML: The Markup Language

An HTML language reference

W3C Working Draft 25 May 2011

Abstract

Status of this Document

Instability and incompleteness of this document

Table of Contents # T

Full Table of Contents

1. Introduction # T

2. Terminology # T

3. Documents # T

3.1. The HTML language and HTML and XML syntaxes # T

3.2. The HTML namespace and MIME types # T

3.3. Conformant documents # T

3.3.1. Conformant documents in the HTML syntax #

3.3.1.1. Implied start tags and end tags #

3.3.2. Conformant documents in the XML syntax #

3.4. Case insensitivity in tag names and attribute names # T

4. HTML syntax # T

4.1. The doctype # T

4.2. Character encoding declaration # T

4.3. Elements # T

4.3.1. Misnested tags #

4.4. Attributes # T

4.5. Text and character data # T

4.6. Character references # T

4.7. Comments # T

4.8. SVG and MathML elements in HTML documents # T

4.9. CDATA sections in SVG and MathML contents # T

5. HTML elements organized by function # T

5.1. The root element #

5.2. Document metadata #

5.3. Scripting #

5.4. Sections #

5.5. Grouping content #

5.6. Text-level semantics #

5.7. Edits #

5.8. Embedded content #

5.9. Tables #

5.10. Forms #

5.11. Interactive elements #

6. HTML elements # T

ⓘ a – hyperlink CHANGED # T

Permitted contents #

Permitted attributes #

Additional constraints and admonitions #

Tag omission #

Permitted parent elements #

Changes in HTML5 #

Details #

DOM interface #

Typical default display properties #

Examples #

ⓘ abbr – abbreviation # T

Permitted contents #

Permitted attributes #

Tag omission #

Permitted parent elements #

Details #

DOM interface #

ⓘ address – contact information # T

Permitted contents #

Permitted attributes #

Additional constraints and admonitions #

Tag omission #

Permitted parent elements #

Details #

DOM interface #

Typical default display properties #

ⓘ area – image-map hyperlink # T

Permitted contents #

Permitted attributes #

Additional constraints and admonitions #

Tag omission #

Permitted parent elements #

DOM interface #

Typical default display properties #

ⓘ article – article NEW # T

Permitted contents #

Permitted attributes #