Techniques for WCAG 2.0

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C14: Using em units for font sizes

Applicability

CSS

This technique relates to:

User Agent and Assistive Technology Support Notes

In Internet Explorer 6, using ems for font sizes will cause the text to grow more than using % or named font sizes. So, text-size/largest, might cause the text to grow more than 200% and have clipping problems.

When font size is given in absolute units of measurement, such as points or pixels, the Text Size menu commands in Internet Explorer 7 and earlier do not resize the text.

Internet Explorer 7 only changes the text size when the style rule that applies to the text is defined within a style element; when using inline styles, that is, using an element's style attribute, the text size change is not supported.

Description

The objective of this technique is to specify text font size in em units so that user agents can scale content effectively. Since the em is a property of the font, it scales as the font changes size. If a font-size is specified for the body element, all other elements inherit that value, unless overridden by a more specific selector.

Examples

Example 1: Em font sizes in CSS

This example defines the font size for strong element so that its text will always be larger than the surrounding text, in whatever context it is used. Assuming that headings and paragraphs use different font sizes, the strong words in this example will each be larger than their surrounding text.

Example Code:


strong {font-size: 1.6em}

...

<h1>Letting the <strong>user</strong> control text size</h1>
<p>Since only the user can know what size text works for him, 
it is <strong>very</strong> important to let him configure the text size.  </p>
…

Resources

Resources are for information purposes only, no endorsement implied.

Tests

Procedure

  1. Check that the value of the CSS property that defines the font size is expressed in em units.

Expected Results

If this is a sufficient technique for a success criterion, failing this test procedure does not necessarily mean that the success criterion has not been satisfied in some other way, only that this technique has not been successfully implemented and can not be used to claim conformance.

Techniques are Informative

Techniques are informative—that means they are not required. The basis for determining conformance to WCAG 2.0 is the success criteria from the WCAG 2.0 standard—not the techniques. For important information about techniques, please see the Understanding Techniques for WCAG Success Criteria section of Understanding WCAG 2.0.