Core Accessibility API Mappings 1.2

Abstract

This document describes how user agents should expose semantics of web content languages to accessibility APIs. This helps users with disabilities to obtain and interact with information using assistive technologies. Documenting these mappings promotes interoperable exposure of roles, states, properties, and events implemented by accessibility APIs and helps to ensure that this information appears in a manner consistent with author intent.

This Core Accessibility API Mappings specification defines support that applies across multiple content technologies, including general keyboard navigation support and mapping of general-purpose roles, states, and properties provided in Web content via WAI-ARIA [WAI-ARIA-1.2]. Other Accessibility API Mappings specifications depend on and extend this Core specification for specific technologies, including native technology features and WAI-ARIA extensions. This document updates and will eventually supersede the guidance in the Core Accessibility API Mappings 1.1 [CORE-AAM-1.1] W3C Recommendation. It is part of the WAI-ARIA suite described in the WAI-ARIA Overview.

4. Mapping WAI-ARIA to Accessibility APIs

4.1 General rules for exposing WAI-ARIA semantics

Where supported by the platform Accessibility API, user agents expose WAI-ARIA semantics through the standard mechanisms of the desktop accessibility API. For example, for WAI-ARIA widgets, compare how the widget is exposed in a similar desktop widget. In general most WAI-ARIA widget capabilities are exposed through the role, value, Boolean states, and relations of the accessibility API.

With respect to WAI-ARIA 1.0 and 1.1, accessibility APIs operate in one direction only. User agents publish WAI-ARIA information (roles, states, and properties) via an accessibility API, and an AT can acquire that information using the same API. However, the other direction is not supported. WAI-ARIA 1.0 and 1.1 do not define mechanisms for assistive technologies to directly modify WAI-ARIA information.

The terms "exposing", "mapping", and "including" refer to the creation of accessible object nodes within the accessibility tree, and populating these objects with Accessibility API specific states and properties.

4.2 Conflicts between native markup semantics and WAI-ARIA

WAI-ARIA roles, states, and properties are intended to add semantic information when native host language elements with these semantics are not available, and are generally used on elements that have no native semantics of their own. They can also be used on elements that have similar but not identical semantics to the intended object (for instance, a nested list could be used to represent a tree structure). This method can be part of a fallback strategy for older browsers that have no WAI-ARIA implementation, or because native presentation of the repurposed element reduces the amount of style and/or script needed. Except for the cases outlined below, user agents MUST always use the WAI-ARIA semantics to define how it exposes the element to accessibility APIs, rather than using the host language semantics.

Host languages can have features that have implicit WAI-ARIA semantics corresponding to roles. When a WAI-ARIA role is provided that has a corresponding role in the accessibility API, user agents MUST use the semantic of the WAI-ARIA role for processing, not the native semantic, unless the role requires WAI-ARIA states and properties whose attributes are explicitly forbidden on the native element by the host language. Values for roles do not conflict in the same way as values for states and properties, and because authors are expected to have a valid reason to provide a WAI-ARIA role even on elements that would not normally be repurposed. For example, spin buttons are typically constructed from text fields (<input type="text">) in order to get most of the default keyboard support. But, the native role, "text field", is not correct because it does not properly communicate the additional features of a spin button. The author adds the WAI-ARIA role of spinbutton (<input type="text" role="spinbutton" ...>) so that the control is properly mapped in the accessibility API. When a WAI-ARIA role is provided that does not have a corresponding role in the accessibility API, user agents MAY expose the native semantic in addition to the WAI-ARIA role. If the host language element is overridden by a WAI-ARIA role whose semantics or structure is not equivalent to the native host language semantics or to a subclass of those semantics, then treat any required owned elements of the native role as having role presentation or none.

Note

The above text differs slightly from the WAI-ARIA specification. The requirement for user agents to expose the WAI-ARIA role instead of the native role was intended to only apply in cases where there is a direct mapping from the WAI-ARIA role to a corresponding role in the accessibility API. The wording of the requirement is not clear in the WAI-ARIA specification, however, and has been interpreted differently by implementers. The requirement has been clarified here and an additional statement added to indicate that user agents may expose native semantics if there is not a direct mapping to a role in the accessibility API. Because there are differing implementations, authors will be advised against adding such WAI-ARIA roles to native elements that have their own semantics in the WAI-ARIA Authoring Practices Guide.

When WAI-ARIA states and properties correspond to host language features that have the same implicit WAI-ARIA semantic, it can be problematic if the values become out of sync. For example, the HTML checked attribute and the aria-checked attribute could have conflicting values. Therefore to prevent providing conflicting states and properties to assistive technologies, host languages will explicitly declare where the use of WAI-ARIA attributes on a host language element conflict with native attributes for that element. When a host language declares a WAI-ARIA attribute to be in direct semantic conflict with a native attribute for a given element, user agents MUST ignore the WAI-ARIA attribute and instead use the host language attribute with the same implicit semantic.

Host languages might also document features that cannot be overridden with WAI-ARIA (these are called "strong native semantics"). These can be features that have implicit WAI-ARIA semantics as well as features where the processing would be uncertain if the semantics were changed with WAI-ARIA. While conformance checkers might signal an error or warning when a WAI-ARIA role is used on elements with strong native semantics, user agents MUST still use the value of the semantic of the WAI-ARIA role when exposing the element to accessibility APIs.

4.3 Exposing attributes that do not directly map to accessibility API properties

Platform accessibility APIs might have features that are not in WAI-ARIA. Likewise, WAI-ARIA exposes capabilities that are not supported by accessibility APIs at the time of publication. There typically is not a one to one relationship between all WAI-ARIA attributes and platform accessibility APIs. When WAI-ARIA roles, states and properties do not directly map to an accessibility API, and there is a mechanism in the API to expose the WAI-ARIA role, states, and properties and their values, user agents MUST expose the WAI-ARIA data using that mechanism as follows:

In IAccessible2 and ATK/AT-SPI, use object attributes to expose semantics that are not directly supported in the APIs. Object attributes are name-value pairs that are loosely specified, and very flexible for exposing things where there is no specific interface in an accessibility API. For example, at this time, the aria-live attribute can be exposed via an object attribute because accessibility APIs have no such property available. Specific rules for exposing object attribute name-value pairs are described throughout this document, and rules for the general cases are in State and Property Mapping.
In Microsoft UIA, use the AriaRole and AriaProperties properties to expose semantics that are not directly supported in the control type.

Note

MSAA does not provide a mechanism for exposing attributes that do not map directly to the API and among implementers, there is no agreement on how to do it.

User agents MUST also expose the entire role string through this mechanism and MAY also expose WAI-ARIA attributes and values through this mechanism even when there is a direct mapping to an accessibility API.

Browser implementers are advised to publicly document their API methods for exposing any relevant information, so that assistive technology developers can use the API to support user features.

4.4 Role mapping

Platform accessibility APIs traditionally have had a finite set of predefined roles that are expected by assistive technologies on that platform and only one or two roles may be exposed. In contrast, WAI-ARIA allows multiple roles to be specified as an ordered set of space-separated valid role tokens. The additional roles are fallback roles similar to the concept of specifying multiple fonts in case the first choice font type is not supported.

4.4.1 General rules

User agents MUST expose the WAI-ARIA role string if the API supports a mechanism to do so. This allows assistive technologies to do their own additional processing of roles.

MSAA: not supported. User agents SHOULD NOT expose a custom role in MSAA's accRole property.
IAccessible2: expose as an object attribute pair (xml-roles:"string")
UIA: expose as AriaRole property. The AriaRole property can also support secondary roles using a space as a separator.
ATK/AT-SPI: expose as an object attribute pair (xml-roles:"string")

4.4.2 Role Mapping Table

Note

Translators: For label text associated with the following table and its toggle buttons, see the mappingTableLabels object in the <head> section of this document.

Table describing mapping of WAI-ARIA roles to accessibility APIs.
WAI-ARIA Role	MSAA + IAccessible2	UIA	ATK/AT-SPI	AX API^{[Note 1]}
`alert`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_ALERT` Event: The user agent SHOULD fire `EVENT_SYSTEM_ALERT`. ^{[Note 2]}	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `alert` LiveSetting: `Assertive (2)` Event: The user agent SHOULD fire a system alert event. ^{[Note 2]}	Role: `ROLE_NOTIFICATION` Event: The user agent SHOULD fire a system alert event. ^{[Note 2]}	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXApplicationAlert` Event: The user agent SHOULD fire a system alert event. ^{[Note 2]}
`alertdialog`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_DIALOG` Event: The user agent SHOULD fire `EVENT_SYSTEM_ALERT`. ^{[Note 2]}	Control Type: `Pane` Event: The user agent SHOULD fire a system alert event. ^{[Note 2]}	Role: `ROLE_ALERT` Interface: `Window` Event: The user agent SHOULD fire a system alert event. ^{[Note 2]}	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXApplicationAlertDialog` Event: The user agent SHOULD fire a system alert event. ^{[Note 2]}
`application`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_APPLICATION`	Control Type: `Pane` Localized Control Type: `application`	Role: `ROLE_EMBEDDED`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXWebApplication`
`article`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_DOCUMENT` State: `STATE_SYSTEM_READONLY` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:article`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `article`	Role: `ROLE_ARTICLE` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:article`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXDocumentArticle`
`banner`	Role: `IA2_ROLE_LANDMARK` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:banner`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `banner` Landmark Type: `Custom` Localized Landmark Type: `banner`	Role: `ROLE_LANDMARK` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:banner`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXLandmarkBanner`
`blockquote`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_GROUPING` Role: `IA2_ROLE_SECTION`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `blockquote`	Role: `ROLE_BLOCK_QUOTE`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`button` with default values for `aria-pressed` and `aria-haspopup`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_PUSHBUTTON`	Control Type: `Button`	Role: `ROLE_PUSH_BUTTON`	AXRole: `AXButton` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`button` with non-`false` value for `aria-haspopup`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_BUTTONMENU`	Control Type: `Button`	Role: `ROLE_PUSH_BUTTON`	AXRole: `AXPopUpButton` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`button` with defined value for `aria-pressed`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_PUSHBUTTON` Role: `IA2_ROLE_TOGGLE_BUTTON`	Control Type: `Button`	Role: `ROLE_TOGGLE_BUTTON`	AXRole: `AXCheckBox` AXSubrole: `AXToggle`
`caption`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_TEXT` Role: `IA2_ROLE_CAPTION`	Control Type: `Text`	Role: `ROLE_CAPTION`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`cell`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_CELL` Interface: `IAccessibleTableCell`	Control Type: `DataItem` Localized Control Type: `item` Control Pattern: `GridItem` Control Pattern: `TableItem`	Role: `ROLE_TABLE_CELL` Interface: `TableCell`	AXRole: `AXCell` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`checkbox`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_CHECKBUTTON` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	Control Type: `Checkbox` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	Role: `ROLE_CHECK_BOX` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	AXRole: `AXCheckBox` AXSubrole: `<nil>` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table
`code`	Role: `IA2_ROLE_TEXT_FRAME` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:code`	Control Type: `Text` Localized Control Type: `code`	Role: `ROLE_STATIC` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:code`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXCodeStyleGroup`
`columnheader`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_COLUMNHEADER` Interface: `IAccessibleTableCell`	Control Type: `DataItem` Localized Control Type: `column header` Control Pattern: `GridItem` Control Pattern: `TableItem`	Role: `ROLE_COLUMN_HEADER` Interface: `TableCell`	AXRole: `AXCell` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`combobox`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_COMBOBOX` State: `STATE_SYSTEM_HASPOPUP` State: `STATE_SYSTEM_COLLAPSED` if `aria-expanded` is not `"true"`	Control Type: `Combobox`	Role: `ROLE_COMBO_BOX` State: `STATE_EXPANDABLE` State: `STATE_HAS_POPUP`	AXRole: `AXComboBox` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`comment`	Role: `IA2_ROLE_COMMENT` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:comment`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `comment`	Role: `ROLE_COMMENT` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:comment`	AXRole: `AXGroup`
`complementary`	Role: `IA2_ROLE_LANDMARK` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:complementary`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `complementary` Landmark Type: `Custom` Localized Landmark Type: `complementary`	Role: `ROLE_LANDMARK` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:complementary`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXLandmarkComplementary`
`contentinfo`	Role: `IA2_ROLE_LANDMARK` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:contentinfo`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `content information` Landmark Type: `Custom` Localized Landmark Type: `content information`	Role: `ROLE_LANDMARK` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:contentinfo`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXLandmarkContentInfo`
`definition`	Object Attribute: `xml-roles:definition`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `definition`	Role: `ROLE_DESCRIPTION_VALUE` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:definition`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXDefinition`
`deletion`	Role: `IA2_ROLE_CONTENT_DELETION`	Control Type: `Text` Localized Control Type: `del`	Role: `ROLE_CONTENT_DELETION` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:deletion`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXDeleteStyleGroup`
`dialog`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_DIALOG`	Control Type: `Pane`	Role: `ROLE_DIALOG` Interface: `Window`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXApplicationDialog`
`directory`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_LIST`	Control Type: `List`	Role: `ROLE_LIST`	AXRole: `AXList` AXSubrole: `AXContentList`
`document`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_DOCUMENT` State: `STATE_SYSTEM_READONLY`	Control Type: `Document`	Role: `ROLE_DOCUMENT_FRAME`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXDocument`
`emphasis`	Role: `IA2_ROLE_TEXT_FRAME` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:emphasis`	Control Type: `Text` Localized Control Type: `emphasis`	Role: `ROLE_STATIC` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:emphasis`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXEmphasisStyleGroup`
`feed`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_GROUPING` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:feed`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `feed`	Role: `ROLE_PANEL` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:feed`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXApplicationGroup`
`figure`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_GROUPING` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:figure`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `figure`	Role: `ROLE_PANEL` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:figure`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`form` with an accessible name	Role: `IA2_ROLE_FORM` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:form`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `form` Landmark Type: `Form`	Role: `ROLE_LANDMARK` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:form`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXLandmarkForm`
`form` without an accessible name	Do not expose the element as a landmark. Use the native host language role of the element instead.	Do not expose the element as a landmark. Use the native host language role of the element instead.	Do not expose the element as a landmark. Use the native host language role of the element instead.	Do not expose the element as a landmark. Use the native host language role of the element instead.
`generic`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_GROUPING` Role: `IA2_ROLE_SECTION`	Control Type: `Group`	Role: `ROLE_SECTION`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`grid`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_TABLE` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:grid` Interface: `IAccessibleTable2` Method: `IAccessible::accSelect()` Method: `IAccessible::get_accSelection()`	Control Type: `DataGrid` Control Pattern: `Grid` Control Pattern: `Table` Control Pattern: `Selection`	Role: `ROLE_TABLE` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:grid` Interface: `Table` Interface: `Selection` Because WAI-ARIA does not support modifying the selection via the accessibility API, user agents MUST return `false` for all `Selection` methods that provide a means to modify the selection.	AXRole: `AXTable` AXSubrole: `<nil>` AXColumnHeaderUIElements: a list of pointers to the columnheader elements AXHeader: a pointer to the row or group containing those columnheader elements AXRowHeaderUIElements: a list of pointers to the rowheader elements
`gridcell`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_CELL` Interface: `IAccessibleTableCell`	Control Type: `DataItem` Localized Control Type: `item` Control Pattern: `SelectionItem` Control Pattern: `GridItem` Control Pattern: `TableItem` SelectionItem.SelectionContainer: the containing `grid`	Role: `ROLE_TABLE_CELL` Interface: `TableCell`	AXRole: `AXCell` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`group`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_GROUPING`	Control Type: `Group`	Role: `ROLE_PANEL`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXApplicationGroup`
`heading`	Role: `IA2_ROLE_HEADING` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:heading`	Control Type: `Text` Localized Control Type: `heading`	Role: `ROLE_HEADING`	AXRole: `AXHeading` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`img`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_GRAPHIC` Interface: `IAccessibleImage`	Control Type: `Image`	Role: `ROLE_IMAGE` Interface: `Image`	AXRole: `AXImage` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`insertion`	Role: `IA2_ROLE_CONTENT_INSERTION`	Control Type: `Text` Localized Control Type: `ins`	Role: `ROLE_CONTENT_INSERTION` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:insertion`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXInsertStyleGroup`
`label`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_STATICTEXT` Role: `IA2_ROLE_LABEL` See also: aria-labelledby regarding exposure of the labeled widget.	Control Type: `Text` See also: aria-labelledby regarding exposure of the labeled widget.	Role: `ROLE_LABEL` See also: aria-labelledby regarding exposure of the labeled widget.	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `<nil>` See also: aria-labelledby regarding exposure of the labeled widget.
`legend`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_STATICTEXT` Role: `IA2_ROLE_LABEL` See also: aria-labelledby regarding exposure of the labeled group.	Control Type: `Text` See also: aria-labelledby regarding exposure of the labeled group.	Role: `ROLE_LABEL` See also: aria-labelledby regarding exposure of the labeled group.	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `<nil>` See also: aria-labelledby regarding exposure of the labeled group.
`link`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_LINK` State: `STATE_SYSTEM_LINKED` State: `STATE_SYSTEM_LINKED` on its descendants Interface: `IAccessibleHypertext`	Control Type: `HyperLink` Control Pattern: `Value`	Role: `ROLE_LINK` Interface: `HyperlinkImpl`	AXRole: `AXLink` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`list`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_LIST` State: `STATE_SYSTEM_READONLY`	Control Type: `List`	Role: `ROLE_LIST`	AXRole: `AXList` AXSubrole: `AXContentList`
`listbox` not owned by or child of `combobox`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_LIST` Method: `IAccessible::accSelect()` Method: `IAccessible::get_accSelection()`	Control Type: `List` Control Pattern: `Selection`	Role: `ROLE_LIST_BOX` Interface: `Selection` Because WAI-ARIA does not support modifying the selection via the accessibility API, user agents MUST return `false` for all `Selection` methods that provide a means to modify the selection.	AXRole: `AXList` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`listbox` owned by or child of `combobox`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_LIST` Method: `IAccessible::accSelect()` Method: `IAccessible::get_accSelection()`	Control Type: `List` Control Pattern: `Selection`	Role: `ROLE_MENU` Interface: `Selection` Because WAI-ARIA does not support modifying the selection via the accessibility API, user agents MUST return `false` for all `Selection` methods that provide a means to modify the selection.	AXRole: `AXList` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`listitem`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_LISTITEM` State: `STATE_SYSTEM_READONLY`	Control Type: `ListItem` Control Pattern: `SelectionItem` SelectionItem.SelectionContainer: the containing `list`	Role: `ROLE_LIST_ITEM`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`log`	Object Attribute: `xml-roles:log` Object Attribute: `container-live:polite` Object Attribute: `live:polite` Object Attribute: `container-live-role:log`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `log` LiveSetting: `Polite (1)`	Role: `ROLE_LOG` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:log` Object Attribute: `container-live:polite` Object Attribute: `live:polite` Object Attribute: `container-live-role:log`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXApplicationLog`
`main`	Role: `IA2_ROLE_LANDMARK` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:main`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `main` Landmark Type: `Main`	Role: `ROLE_LANDMARK` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:main`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXLandmarkMain`
`mark`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_GROUPING` Role: `IA2_ROLE_MARK` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:mark`	Control Type: `Group`	Role: `ROLE_MARK` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:mark`	AXRole: `AXGroup`
`marquee`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_ANIMATION` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:marquee` Object Attribute: `container-live:off` Object Attribute: `live:off`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `marquee` LiveSetting: `Off (0)`	Role: `ROLE_MARQUEE` Object Attribute: `container-live:off` Object Attribute: `live:off`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXApplicationMarquee`
`math`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_EQUATION`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `math`	Role: `ROLE_MATH`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXDocumentMath`
`menu`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_MENUPOPUP` Method: `IAccessible::accSelect()` Method: `IAccessible::get_accSelection()`	Control Type: `Menu`	Role: `ROLE_MENU` Interface: `Selection` Because WAI-ARIA does not support modifying the selection via the accessibility API, user agents MUST return `false` for all `Selection` methods that provide a means to modify the selection.	AXRole: `AXMenu` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`menubar`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_MENUBAR` Method: `IAccessible::accSelect()` Method: `IAccessible::get_accSelection()`	Control Type: `MenuBar`	Role: `ROLE_MENU_BAR` Interface: `Selection` Because WAI-ARIA does not support modifying the selection via the accessibility API, user agents MUST return `false` for all `Selection` methods that provide a means to modify the selection.	AXRole: `AXMenuBar` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`menuitem` not owned by or child of `group`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_MENUITEM`	Control Type: `MenuItem`	Role: `ROLE_MENU_ITEM`	AXRole: `AXMenuItem` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`menuitem` owned by or child of `group`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_MENUITEM`	Control Type: `MenuItem`	Role: `ROLE_MENU_ITEM`	AXRole: `AXMenuButton` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`menuitemcheckbox`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_CHECKBUTTON` or `ROLE_SYSTEM_MENUITEM` Role: `IA2_ROLE_CHECK_MENU_ITEM` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	Control Type: `MenuItem` Control Pattern: `Toggle` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	Role: `ROLE_CHECK_MENU_ITEM` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	AXRole: `AXMenuItem` AXSubrole: `<nil>` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table
`menuitemradio`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_RADIOBUTTON` or `ROLE_SYSTEM_MENUITEM` Role: `IA2_ROLE_RADIO_MENU_ITEM` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	Control Type: `MenuItem` Control Pattern: `Toggle` Control Pattern: `SelectionItem` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	Role: `ROLE_RADIO_MENU_ITEM` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	AXRole: `AXMenuItem` AXSubrole: `<nil>` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table
`meter`	Role: `IA2_ROLE_LEVEL_BAR` Interface: `IAcesssibleValue`	Control Type: `ProgressBar` Localized Control Type: `meter` Control Pattern: `RangeValue`	Role: `ROLE_LEVEL_BAR` Interface: `Value`	AXRole: `AXLevelIndicator` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`navigation`	Role: `IA2_ROLE_LANDMARK` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:navigation`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `navigation` Landmark Type: `Navigation`	Role: `ROLE_LANDMARK` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:navigation`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXLandmarkNavigation`
`none`	For objects that have required owned descendants (e.g., a grid owns gridcells, a list owns listitems), and the descendant is in the accessibility tree, expose it as `IA2_ROLE_TEXT_FRAME`. User agents SHOULD prune empty descendants from the accessibility tree.	For objects that have required owned descendants (e.g., a grid owns gridcells, a list owns listitems), and the descendant is in the accessibility tree, expose it using the `text` pattern. User agents SHOULD prune empty descendants from the accessibility tree.	For objects that have required owned descendants (e.g., a grid owns gridcells, a list owns listitems), and the descendant is in the accessibility tree, expose it as `ROLE_SECTION`. User agents SHOULD prune empty descendants from the accessibility tree.	For objects that have required owned descendants (e.g., a grid owns gridcells, a list owns listitems), and the descendant is in the accessibility tree, expose it as `AXGroup`. User agents SHOULD prune empty descendants from the accessibility tree.
`note`	Role: `IA2_ROLE_NOTE`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `note`	Role: `ROLE_COMMENT`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXDocumentNote`
`option` not inside `combobox`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_LISTITEM` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	Control Type: `ListItem` Control Pattern: `Invoke` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	Role: `ROLE_LIST_ITEM` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	AXRole: `AXStaticText` AXSubrole: `<nil>` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table
`option` inside `combobox`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_LISTITEM` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	Control Type: `ListItem` Control Pattern: `Invoke` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	Role: `ROLE_MENU_ITEM` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	AXRole: `AXStaticText` AXSubrole: `<nil>` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table
`paragraph`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_TEXT` Role: `IA2_ROLE_PARAGRAPH`	Control Type: `Text`	Role: `ROLE_PARAGRAPH`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`presentation`	For objects that have required owned descendants (e.g., a grid owns gridcells, a list owns listitems), and the descendant is in the accessibility tree, expose it as `IA2_ROLE_TEXT_FRAME`. User agents SHOULD prune empty descendants from the accessibility tree.	For objects that have required owned descendants (e.g., a grid owns gridcells, a list owns listitems), and the descendant is in the accessibility tree, expose it using the `text` pattern. User agents SHOULD prune empty descendants from the accessibility tree.	For objects that have required owned descendants (e.g., a grid owns gridcells, a list owns listitems), and the descendant is in the accessibility tree, expose it as `ROLE_SECTION`. User agents SHOULD prune empty descendants from the accessibility tree.	For objects that have required owned descendants (e.g., a grid owns gridcells, a list owns listitems), and the descendant is in the accessibility tree, expose it as `AXGroup`. User agents SHOULD prune empty descendants from the accessibility tree.
`progressbar`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_PROGRESSBAR` State: `STATE_SYSTEM_READONLY` Interface: `IAcesssibleValue`	Control Type: `ProgressBar` Control Pattern: `RangeValue` if `aria-valuenow`, `aria-valuemax`, or `aria-valuemin` is present	Role: `ROLE_PROGRESS_BAR` Interface: `Value` Because WAI-ARIA does not support modifying the value via the accessibility API, user agents MUST return `false` for all `Value` methods that provide a means to modify the value.	AXRole: `AXProgressIndicator` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`radio`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_RADIOBUTTON` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	Control Type: `RadioButton` Control Pattern: `Toggle` Control Pattern: `SelectionItem` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	Role: `ROLE_RADIO_BUTTON` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	AXRole: `AXRadioButton` AXSubrole: `<nil>` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table
`radiogroup`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_GROUPING`	Control Type: `List`	Role: `ROLE_PANEL`	AXRole: `AXRadioGroup` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`region` with an accessible name	Role: `IA2_ROLE_LANDMARK` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:region`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `region` Landmark Type: `Custom` Localized Landmark Type: `region`	Role: `ROLE_LANDMARK` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:region`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXLandmarkRegion`
`region` without an accessible name	Do not expose the element as a landmark. Use the native host language role of the element instead.	Do not expose the element as a landmark. Use the native host language role of the element instead.	Do not expose the element as a landmark. Use the native host language role of the element instead.	Do not expose the element as a landmark. Use the native host language role of the element instead.
`row` not inside `treegrid`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_ROW`	Control Type: `DataItem` Localized Control Type: `row` Control Pattern: `SelectionItem`	Role: `ROLE_TABLE_ROW`	AXRole: `AXRow` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`row` inside `treegrid`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_OUTLINEITEM`	Control Type: `DataItem` Localized Control Type: `row` Control Pattern: `SelectionItem`	Role: `ROLE_TABLE_ROW`	AXRole: `AXRow` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`rowgroup`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_GROUPING`	Control Type: `Group`	Role: `ROLE_PANEL`	Not mapped
`rowheader`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_ROWHEADER` Interface: `IAccessibleTableCell`	Control Type: `HeaderItem`	Role: `ROLE_ROW_HEADER` Interface: `TableCell`	AXRole: `AXCell` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`scrollbar`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_SCROLLBAR` Interface: `IAcesssibleValue`	Control Type: `ScrollBar` Control Pattern: `RangeValue`	Role: `ROLE_SCROLL_BAR` Interface: `Value` Because WAI-ARIA does not support modifying the value via the accessibility API, user agents MUST return `false` for all `Value` methods that provide a means to modify the value.	AXRole: `AXScrollBar` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`search`	Role: `IA2_ROLE_LANDMARK` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:search`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `search` Landmark Type: `Search`	Role: `ROLE_LANDMARK` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:search`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXLandmarkSearch`
`searchbox`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_TEXT` Object Attribute: `text-input-type:search`	Control Type: `Edit` Localized Control Type: `search box`	Role: `ROLE_ENTRY` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:searchbox` Interface: `EditableText` if `aria-readonly` is not `"true"`	AXRole: `AXTextField` AXSubrole: `AXSearchField`
`separator` (non-focusable)	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_SEPARATOR`	Control Type: `Separator`	Role: `ROLE_SEPARATOR`	AXRole: `AXSplitter` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`separator` (focusable)	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_SEPARATOR` Interface: `IAccessibleValue`	Control Type: `Thumb` Control Pattern: `RangeValue`	Role: `ROLE_SEPARATOR` Interface: `Value` Because WAI-ARIA does not support modifying the value via the accessibility API, user agents MUST return `false` for all `Value` methods that provide a means to modify the value.	AXRole: `AXSplitter` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`slider`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_SLIDER` Interface: `IAcesssibleValue`	Control Type: `Slider` Control Pattern: `RangeValue`	Role: `ROLE_SLIDER` Interface: `Value` Because WAI-ARIA does not support modifying the value via the accessibility API, user agents MUST return `false` for all `Value` methods that provide a means to modify the value.	AXRole: `AXSlider` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`spinbutton`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_SPINBUTTON` Interface: `IAcesssibleValue`	Control Type: `Spinner` Control Pattern: `RangeValue`	Role: `ROLE_SPIN_BUTTON` Interface: `Value` Because WAI-ARIA does not support modifying the value via the accessibility API, user agents MUST return `false` for all `Value` methods that provide a means to modify the value.	AXRole: `AXIncrementor` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`status`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_STATUSBAR` Object Attribute: `container-live:polite` Object Attribute: `live:polite` Object Attribute: `container-live-role:status`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `status` LiveSetting: `Polite (1)`	Role: `ROLE_STATUSBAR` Object Attribute: `container-live:polite` Object Attribute: `live:polite` Object Attribute: `container-live-role:status`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXApplicationStatus`
`strong`	Role: `IA2_ROLE_TEXT_FRAME` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:strong`	Control Type: `Text` Localized Control Type: `strong`	Role: `ROLE_STATIC` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:strong`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXStrongStyleGroup`
`subscript`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_GROUPING` Role: `IA2_ROLE_TEXT_FRAME` Text Attribute: `text-position:sub`	Control Type: `Text` Styles used are exposed by `IsSubscript` attribute of the `TextRange` Control Pattern implemented on the accessible object.	Role: `ROLE_SUBSCRIPT`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXSubscriptStyleGroup`
`suggestion`	Role: `IA2_ROLE_SUGGESTION` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:suggestion`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `suggestion`	Role: `ROLE_SUGGESTION` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:suggestion`	AXRole: `AXGroup`
`superscript`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_GROUPING` Role: `IA2_ROLE_TEXT_FRAME` Text Attribute: `text-position:super`	Control Type: `Text` Styles used are exposed by `IsSuperscript` attribute of the `TextRange` Control Pattern implemented on the accessible object.	Role: `ROLE_SUPERSCRIPT`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXSuperscriptStyleGroup`
`switch`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_CHECKBUTTON` Role: `IA2_ROLE_TOGGLE_BUTTON` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:switch` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	Control Type: `Button` Localized Control Type: `toggleswitch` Control Pattern: `Toggle` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	Role: `ROLE_TOGGLE_BUTTON` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:switch` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	AXRole: `AXCheckBox` AXSubrole: `AXSwitch` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table
`tab`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_PAGETAB` State: `STATE_SYSTEM_SELECTED` if focus is inside `tabpanel` associated with `aria-labelledby`	Control Type: `TabItem`	Role: `ROLE_PAGE_TAB` State: `STATE_SELECTED` if focus is inside `tabpanel` associated with `aria-labelledby`	AXRole: `AXRadioButton` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`table`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_TABLE` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:table` Interface: `IAccessibleTable2`	Control Type: `Table` Control Pattern: `Grid` Control Pattern: `Table`	Role: `ROLE_TABLE` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:table` Interface: `Table`	AXRole: `AXTable` AXSubrole: `<nil>` AXColumnHeaderUIElements: a list of pointers to the columnheader elements AXHeader: a pointer to the row or group containing those columnheader elements AXRowHeaderUIElements: a list of pointers to the rowheader elements
`tablist`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_PAGETABLIST` Method: `IAccessible::accSelect()` Method: `IAccessible::get_accSelection()`	Control Type: `Tab` Control Pattern: `Selection`	Role: `ROLE_PAGE_TAB_LIST` Interface: `Selection` Because WAI-ARIA does not support modifying the selection via the accessibility API, user agents MUST return `false` for all `Selection` methods that provide a means to modify the selection.	AXRole: `AXTabGroup` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`tabpanel`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_PANE` or `ROLE_SYSTEM_PROPERTYPAGE`	Control Type: `Pane`	Role: `ROLE_SCROLL_PANE`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXTabPanel`
`term`	Role: `IA2_ROLE_TEXT_FRAME` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:term`	Control Type: `Text` Localized Control Type: `term`	Role: `ROLE_DESCRIPTION_TERM`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXTerm`
`textbox` when `aria-multiline` is `false`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_TEXT` State: `IA2_STATE_SINGLE_LINE`	Control Type: `Edit`	Role: `ROLE_ENTRY` State: `STATE_SINGLE_LINE` Interface: `EditableText` if `aria-readonly` is not `"true"`	AXRole: `AXTextField` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`textbox` when `aria-multiline` is `true`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_TEXT` State: `IA2_STATE_MULTI_LINE`	Control Type: `Edit`	Role: `ROLE_ENTRY` State: `STATE_MULTI_LINE` Interface: `EditableText` if `aria-readonly` is not `"true"`	AXRole: `AXTextArea` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`time`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_STATICTEXT` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:time`	Control Type: `Text` Localized Control Type: `time` Note: create a separate UIA Control of type Text. This is different from most UIA text mappings, which only create ranges in the page text pattern.	Role: `ROLE_STATIC` Object Attribute: `xml-roles:time`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXTimeGroup`
`timer`	Object Attribute: `xml-roles:timer` Object Attribute: `container-live:off` Object Attribute: `live:off` Object Attribute: `container-live-role:timer`	Control Type: `Group` Localized Control Type: `timer` LiveSetting: `Off (0)`	Role: `ROLE_TIMER` Object Attribute: `container-live:off` Object Attribute: `live:off` Object Attribute: `container-live-role:timer`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXApplicationTimer`
`toolbar`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_TOOLBAR`	Control Type: `ToolBar`	Role: `ROLE_TOOL_BAR`	AXRole: `AXToolbar` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`tooltip`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_TOOLTIP`	Control Type: `ToolTip`	Role: `ROLE_TOOL_TIP`	AXRole: `AXGroup` AXSubrole: `AXUserInterfaceTooltip`
`tree`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_OUTLINE` Method: `IAccessible::accSelect()` Method: `IAccessible::get_accSelection()`	Control Type: `Tree`	Role: `ROLE_TREE` Interface: `Selection` Because WAI-ARIA does not support modifying the selection via the accessibility API, user agents MUST return `false` for all `Selection` methods that provide a means to modify the selection.	AXRole: `AXOutline` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`treegrid`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_OUTLINE` Interface: `IAccessibleTable2` Method: `IAccessible::accSelect()` Method: `IAccessible::get_accSelection()`	Control Type: `DataGrid`	Role: `ROLE_TREE_TABLE` Interface: `Table` Interface: `Selection` Because WAI-ARIA does not support modifying the selection via the accessibility API, user agents MUST return `false` for all `Selection` methods that provide a means to modify the selection.	AXRole: `AXTable` AXSubrole: `<nil>`
`treeitem`	Role: `ROLE_SYSTEM_OUTLINEITEM` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	Control Type: `TreeItem` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	Role: `ROLE_TREE_ITEM` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table	AXRole: `AXRow` AXSubrole: `AXOutlineRow` See also: `aria-checked` in the State and Property Mapping Table

Note

^{[Note 1]} User agent should return a user-presentable, localized string value for the AXRoleDescription.

Note

^{[Note 2]} This specification does not currently contain guidance for when user agents should fire system alert events. Some guidance may be added to the specification at a later date but it will be a recommendation (SHOULD), not a requirement (MUST).

4.5 State and Property Mapping

This section describes how to expose WAI-ARIA states and object properties.

4.5.1 General rules

User agents MUST compute managed states VISIBLE/INVISIBLE, SHOWING/OFFSCREEN, etc. This typically is done in the same way as for ordinary elements that do not have WAI-ARIA attributes present. The FOCUSABLE/FOCUSED states may be affected by aria-activedescendant.
User agents MUST continue to expose native semantics in addition to WAI-ARIA state and property semantics except where an explicit WAI-ARIA override is allowed by the host language. For example, an HTML checkbox may have an aria-labelledby attribute but the native HTML semantics must still be exposed.
User agents MUST expose additional states for certain roles as defined in the Role Mapping Table.
User agents MUST compute states for the relevant WAI-ARIA attributes and map to the accessibility API as specified in the State and Property Mapping Table. To determine the relevant WAI-ARIA attributes, refer to the Definition of Roles [WAI-ARIA-1.2]]. Where the author has not provided values for required attributes, user agents SHOULD process as if the default value was provided.
Some WAI-ARIA properties are not global, and are only supported on certain roles. If a non-global WAI-ARIA state or property is used where it is not supported, user agents SHOULD NOT map the given WAI-ARIA property to the platform accessibility API. For example, if aria-checked="true" is specified on <div role="grid">, it should not be exposed in MSAA implementations as STATE_SYSTEM_CHECKED.
When an explicit or inherited role of none or presentation is applied to an element, the user agent MUST implement the rules for the none or the presentation role defined in Accessible Rich Internet Applications (WAI-ARIA) 1.2 [WAI-ARIA-1.2]].

4.5.2 State and Property Mapping Table

4.5.2.1 Not Mapped

There are a number of occurrences in the table where a given state or property is declared "Not mapped". In some cases, this occurs for the default value of the state/property, and is equivalent to its absence. User agents might find it quicker to map the value than check to see if it is the default. For computational efficiency, user agents MAY expose the state or property value if doing so is equivalent to not mapping it. These cases are marked with an asterisk.

In other cases, it is mandatory that the state/property not be mapped, since exposing it implies a related affordance. An example is aria-grabbed. Its absence not only indicates that the accessible object is not grabbed, but further defines it as not grab-able. These cases are marked as "Not mapped" without an asterisk.

Note

Translators: For label text associated with the following table and its toggle buttons, see the mappingTableLabels object in the <head> section of this document.

WAI-ARIA state and property mapping rule table
WAI-ARIA State or Property	MSAA + IAccessible2	UIA	ATK/AT-SPI	AX API
`aria-activedescendant`	See Focus Changes.	See Focus Changes.	See Focus Changes.	See Focus Changes. Property: `AXSelectedRows`: pointer to active descendant node
`aria-atomic`=`true`	Object Attribute: `atomic:true` Object Attribute: `container-atomic:true` Object Attribute: `container-atomic:true` on all descendants Relation: `IA2_RELATION_MEMBER_OF` pointing to this element (the atomic root) See also: Changes to document content or node visibility	Property: `AriaProperties.atomic`: `true` See also: Changes to document content or node visibility	Object Attribute: `atomic:true` Object Attribute: `container-atomic:true` Object Attribute: `container-atomic:true` on all descendants Relation: `RELATION_MEMBER_OF` pointing to this element (the atomic root) See also: Changes to document content or node visibility	Property: `AXARIAAtomic`: `YES` See also: Changes to document content or node visibility
`aria-atomic`=`false`	Not mapped*, but if mapped: Object Attribute: `atomic:false` Object Attribute: `container-atomic:false` Object Attribute: `container-atomic:false` on all descendants Relation: `IA2_RELATION_MEMBER_OF` pointing to this element (the atomic root) See also: Changes to document content or node visibility	Property: `AriaProperties.atomic`: `false` See also: Changes to document content or node visibility	Not mapped*, but if mapped: Object Attribute: `atomic:false` Object Attribute: `container-atomic:false` Object Attribute: `container-atomic:false` on all descendants Relation: `RELATION_MEMBER_OF` pointing to this element (the atomic root) See also: Changes to document content or node visibility	Property: `AXARIAAtomic`: `NO` See also: Changes to document content or node visibility
`aria-autocomplete`=`inline`, `list`, or `both`	Object Attribute: `autocomplete:<value>` State: `IA2_STATE_SUPPORTS_AUTOCOMPLETION`	Not mapped	Object Attribute: `autocomplete:<value>` State: `STATE_SUPPORTS_AUTOCOMPLETION`	Not mapped
`aria-autocomplete`=`none`	Not mapped*	Not mapped*	Not mapped*	Not mapped*
`aria-busy`=`true`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_BUSY`	Property: `AriaProperties.busy`: `true`	State: `STATE_BUSY`	Property: `AXElementBusy`: `YES`
`aria-busy`=`false`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_BUSY` not exposed	Property: `AriaProperties.busy`: `false`	State: `STATE_BUSY` not exposed	Property: `AXElementBusy`: `NO`
`aria-checked`=`true`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_CHECKED` Object Attribute: `checkable:true`	Property: `Toggle.ToggleState`: `On (1)` Property: `SelectionItem.IsSelected`: `True` for `radio` and `menuitemradio`	State: `STATE_CHECKABLE` State: `STATE_CHECKED`	Property: `AXValue`: `1` Property: `AXMenuItemMarkChar`: `✓` for `menuitemcheckbox` and `menuitemradio`
`aria-checked`=`false`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_CHECKED` not exposed Object Attribute: `checkable:true`	Property: `Toggle.ToggleState`: `Off (0)` Property: `SelectionItem.IsSelected`: `False` for `radio` and `menuitemradio`	State: `STATE_CHECKABLE` State: `STATE_CHECKED` not exposed	Property: `AXValue`: `0` Property: `AXMenuItemMarkChar`: `<nil>` for `menuitemcheckbox` and `menuitemradio`
`aria-checked`=`mixed`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_MIXED` Object Attribute: `checkable:true`	Property: `Toggle.ToggleState`: `Indeterminate (2)`	State: `STATE_INDETERMINATE` State: `STATE_CHECKABLE` State: `STATE_CHECKED` not exposed	Property: `AXValue`: `2` Property: `AXMenuItemMarkChar`: `<nil>` for `menuitemcheckbox` and `menuitemradio`
`aria-checked` is undefined	Not mapped	Not mapped	Not mapped	Not mapped
`aria-colcount`	Object Attribute: `colcount:<value>` Method: `IAccessible2::groupPosition()`: `similarItemsInGroup=<value>` on cells and headers	Property: `Grid.ColumnCount`: `<value>`	Object Attribute: `colcount` should contain the author-provided value. Method: `atk_table_get_n_columns()` should return the actual number of columns.	Property: `AXARIAColumnCount`: `<value>`
`aria-colindex`	Object Attribute: `colindex:<value>` Method: `IAccessible2::groupPosition()`: `positionInGroup=<value>` on cells and headers	Property: `GridItem.Column`: `<value>` (zero-based)	Object Attribute: `colindex` should contain the author-provided value. Method: `atk_table_cell_get_position()` should return the actual (zero-based) column index.	Property: `AXARIAColumnIndex`: `<value>`
`aria-colindextext`	Object Attribute: `colindextext:<value>`	Property: `AriaProperties.colindextext`: `<value>`	Object Attribute: `colindextext:<value>`	Property: TBD
`aria-colspan`	Object Attribute: `colspan:<value>` Method: `IAccessibleTableCell::columnExtent()`: `<value>`	Property: `GridItem.ColumnSpan`: `<value>`	Object Attribute: `colspan` should contain the author-provided value. Method: `atk_table_cell_get_row_column_span()` should return the actual column span.	Property: `AXColumnIndexRange.length`: `<value>`
`aria-controls`	Relation: `IA2_RELATION_CONTROLLER_FOR` points to accessible nodes matching IDREFs Reverse Relation: `IA2_RELATION_CONTROLLED_BY` points to element See also: Mapping Additional Relations	Property: `ControllerFor`: pointers to accessible nodes matching IDREFs	Relation: `RELATION_CONTROLLER_FOR` points to accessible nodes matching IDREFs Reverse Relation: `RELATION_CONTROLLED_BY` points to element See also: Mapping Additional Relations	Property: `AXLinkedUIElements`: pointers to accessible nodes matching IDREFs
`aria-current` with non-`false` allowed value	Object Attribute: `current:<value>`	Property: `AriaProperties.current`: `<value>`	Object Attribute: `current:<value>` State: `STATE_ACTIVE`	Property: `AXARIACurrent`: `<value>`
`aria-current` with unrecognized value	Object Attribute: `current:true`	Property: `AriaProperties.current`: `true`	Object Attribute: `current:true` State: `STATE_ACTIVE`	Property: `AXARIACurrent`: `true`
`aria-current` is `false` or undefined	Not mapped*	Not mapped*	Not mapped*	Not mapped*
`aria-describedby`	Property: `accDescription`: `<value>` Relation: `IA2_RELATION_DESCRIBED_BY` points to accessible nodes matching IDREFs, if the referenced objects are in the accessibility tree Reverse Relation: `IA2_RELATION_DESCRIPTION_FOR` points to element See also: Name Computation and Mapping Additional Relations	Property: `FullDescription`: `<value>` Property: `DescribedBy`: points to accessible nodes matching IDREFs, if the referenced objects are in the accessibility tree See also: Name Computation	Property: `Description`: `<value>` Relation: `RELATION_DESCRIBED_BY` points to accessible nodes matching IDREFs, if the referenced objects are in the accessibility tree Reverse Relation: `RELATION_DESCRIPTION_FOR` points to element See also: Name Computation and Mapping Additional Relations	Property: `AXHelp`: `<value>` See also: Name Computation
`aria-description`	Property: `accDescription`: `<value>` See also: Name Computation	Property: `FullDescription`: `<value>` See also: Name Computation	Property: `Description`: `<value>` See also: Name Computation	Property: `AXHelp`: `<value>` See also: Name Computation
`aria-details`	Relation: `IA2_RELATION_DETAILS` points to accessible nodes matching IDREFs, if the referenced objects are in the accessibility tree Reverse Relation: `IA2_RELATION_DETAILS_FOR` points to element See also: Mapping Additional Relations	Property: `DescribedBy`: points to accessible nodes matching IDREFs, if the referenced objects are in the accessibility tree	Relation: `RELATION_DETAILS` points to accessible nodes matching IDREFs, if the referenced objects are in the accessibility tree Reverse Relation: `RELATION_DETAILS_FOR` points to element See also: Mapping Additional Relations	Not mapped*
`aria-disabled`=`true`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_UNAVAILABLE` State: `STATE_SYSTEM_UNAVAILABLE` on all descendants with `STATE_SYSTEM_FOCUSABLE`	Property: `IsEnabled`: `false`	State: `STATE_ENABLED` not exposed	Property: `AXEnabled`: `NO`
`aria-disabled`=`false`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_UNAVAILABLE` not exposed	Property: `IsEnabled`: `true`	State: `STATE_ENABLED`	Property: `AXEnabled`: `YES`
`aria-dropeffect`=`copy`, `move`, `link`, `execute`, or `popup`	Object Attribute: `dropeffect:<value>`	Property: `AriaProperties.dropeffect`: `<value>`	Object Attribute: `dropeffect:<value>`	`array AXDropEffects`
`aria-dropeffect`=`none`	Object Attribute: `dropeffect:none` if there are no other valid tokens Not mapped* if not specified by the author	Not mapped*	Object Attribute: `dropeffect:none` if there are no other valid tokens Not mapped* if not specified by the author	Not mapped*
`aria-errormessage`	Relation: `IA2_RELATION_ERROR` points to accessible nodes matching IDREFs, if the referenced objects are in the accessibility tree Reverse Relation: `IA2_RELATION_ERROR_FOR` points to element See also: Mapping Additional Relations	Property: `ControllerFor`: pointer to the target accessible object	Relation: `RELATION_ERROR_MESSAGE` points to accessible nodes matching IDREFs, if the referenced objects are in the accessibility tree Reverse Relation: `RELATION_ERROR_FOR` points to element See also: Mapping Additional Relations	Property: `AXValidationError`: textual content of the referenced element
`aria-expanded`=`true`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_EXPANDED`	Property: `ExpandCollapse.ExpandCollapseState`: `Expanded`	State: `STATE_EXPANDABLE` State: `STATE_EXPANDED`	Property: `AXExpanded`: `YES`
`aria-expanded`=`false`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_COLLAPSED`	Property: `ExpandCollapse.ExpandCollapseState`: `Collapsed`	State: `STATE_EXPANDABLE` State: `STATE_EXPANDED` not exposed	Property: `AXExpanded`: `NO`
`aria-expanded` is undefined	Not mapped	Not mapped	Not mapped	Not mapped
`aria-flowto`	Relation: `IA2_RELATION_FLOW_TO` points to accessible nodes matching IDREFs Reverse Relation: `IA2_RELATION_FLOW_FROM` points to element See also: Mapping Additional Relations	Property: `FlowsTo`: pointers to accessible nodes matching IDREFs	Relation: `RELATION_FLOWS_TO` points to accessible nodes matching IDREFs Reverse Relation: `RELATION_FLOWS_FROM` points to element See also: Mapping Additional Relations	Property: `AXLinkedUIElements`: pointers to accessible nodes matching IDREFs
`aria-grabbed`=`true`	Object Attribute: `grabbed:true`	Property: `AriaProperties.grabbed`: `true`	Object Attribute: `grabbed:true`	Property: `AXGrabbed`: `YES`
`aria-grabbed`=`false`	Object Attribute: `grabbed:false`	Property: `AriaProperties.grabbed`: `false`	Object Attribute: `grabbed:false`	Property: `AXGrabbed`: `NO`
`aria-grabbed` is undefined	Not mapped	Not mapped	Not mapped	Not mapped
`aria-haspopup`=`true`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_HASPOPUP` Object Attribute: `haspopup:true`	Control Pattern: `ExpandCollapse` See also: `aria-expanded`	State: `STATE_HAS_POPUP` Object Attribute: `haspopup:true`	Property: `Action`: `AXShowMenu`
`aria-haspopup`=`false`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_HASPOPUP` not exposed Object Attribute: `haspopup:false`	Not mapped*	Not mapped*	Not mapped*
`aria-haspopup`=`dialog`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_HASPOPUP` Object Attribute: `haspopup:dialog`	Control Pattern: `ExpandCollapse` See also: `aria-expanded`	State: `STATE_HAS_POPUP` Object Attribute: `haspopup:dialog`	Action: `AXShowMenu`
`aria-haspopup`=`listbox`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_HASPOPUP` Object Attribute: `haspopup:listbox`	Control Pattern: `ExpandCollapse` See also: `aria-expanded`	State: `STATE_HAS_POPUP` Object Attribute: `haspopup:listbox`	Action: `AXShowMenu`
`aria-haspopup`=`menu`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_HASPOPUP` Object Attribute: `haspopup:menu`	Control Pattern: `ExpandCollapse` See also: `aria-expanded`	State: `STATE_HAS_POPUP` Object Attribute: `haspopup:menu`	Action: `AXShowMenu`
`aria-haspopup`=`tree`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_HASPOPUP` Object Attribute: `haspopup:tree`	Control Pattern: `ExpandCollapse` See also: `aria-expanded`	State: `STATE_HAS_POPUP` Object Attribute: `haspopup:tree`	Action: `AXShowMenu`
`aria-hidden`=`true` on unfocused element	Element SHOULD NOT be exposed See also: Including Elements in the Accessibility Tree in the WAI-ARIA specification	Element SHOULD NOT be exposed See also: Including Elements in the Accessibility Tree in the WAI-ARIA specification	Element SHOULD NOT be exposed See also: Including Elements in the Accessibility Tree in the WAI-ARIA specification	Element SHOULD NOT be exposed See also: Including Elements in the Accessibility Tree in the WAI-ARIA specification
`aria-hidden`=`true` when element is focused or fires an accessibility event	Object Attribute: `hidden:true` See also: Including Elements in the Accessibility Tree in the WAI-ARIA specification	Property: `AriaProperties.hidden`: `true` See also: Including Elements in the Accessibility Tree in the WAI-ARIA specification	Object Attribute: `hidden:true` See also: Including Elements in the Accessibility Tree in the WAI-ARIA specification	Not mapped See also: Including Elements in the Accessibility Tree in the WAI-ARIA specification
`aria-hidden`=`false`	Not mapped	Not mapped	Not mapped	Not mapped
`aria-invalid`=`true`	State: `IA2_STATE_INVALID_ENTRY` Text Attribute: `invalid:true`	Property: `IsDataValidForForm`: `false`	State: `STATE_INVALID_ENTRY` Text Attribute: `invalid:true`	Property: `AXInvalid`: `true`
`aria-invalid`=`false`	State: `IA2_STATE_INVALID_ENTRY` not exposed	Property: `IsDataValidForForm`: `true`	State: `STATE_INVALID_ENTRY` not exposed	Property: `AXInvalid`: `false`
`aria-invalid`=`spelling` or `grammar`	State: `IA2_STATE_INVALID_ENTRY` Text Attribute: `invalid:<value>`	Property: `IsDataValidForForm`: `<value>`	State: `STATE_INVALID_ENTRY` Text Attribute: `invalid:<value>`	Property: `AXInvalid`: `<value>`
`aria-invalid` with unrecognized value	State: `IA2_STATE_INVALID_ENTRY` Text Attribute: `invalid:true`	Property: `IsDataValidForForm`: `false`	State: `STATE_INVALID_ENTRY` Text Attribute: `invalid:true`	Property: `AXInvalid`: `true`
`aria-keyshortcuts`	Property: `accKeyboardShortcut`: `<value>`	Property: `AcceleratorKey`: `<value>`	Object Attribute: `keyshortcuts:<value>`	Not mapped*
`aria-label`	Property: `accName`: `<value>` See also: Name Computation	Property: `Name`: `<value>` See also: Name Computation	Property: `Name`: `<value>` See also: Name Computation	Property: `AXDescription`: `<value>` See also: Name Computation
`aria-labelledby`	Property: `accName`: `<value>` Relation: `IA2_RELATION_LABELLED_BY` points to accessible nodes matching IDREFs, if the referenced objects are in the accessibility tree Reverse Relation: `IA2_RELATION_LABEL_FOR` points to element See also: Name Computation and Mapping Additional Relations	Property: `Name`: `<value>` Property: `LabeledBy`: points to accessible nodes matching IDREFs, if the referenced objects are in the accessibility tree See also: Name Computation	Property: `Name`: `<value>` Relation: `RELATION_LABELLED_BY` points to accessible nodes matching IDREFs, if the referenced objects are in the accessibility tree Reverse Relation: `RELATION_LABEL_FOR` points to element See also: Name Computation and Mapping Additional Relations	Property: `AXDescription`: `<value>` if the value is not exposed visually Property: `AXTitle`: `<value>` if the value is exposed visually Property: `AXTitleUIElement` points to accessible node matching IDREF, if there is a single referenced element that is in the accessibility tree See also: Name Computation
`aria-level` on non-`heading`	Object Attribute: `level:<value>` Method: `IAccessible2::groupPosition()`: `groupLevel=<value>` on roles that support `aria-posinset` and `aria-setsize` See also: `groupPosition()`	Property: `AriaProperties.level`: `<value>`	Object Attribute: `level:<value>`	Property: `AXDisclosureLevel`: `<value>` (zero-based), when used on an outline row (like a `treeitem` or `group`)
`aria-level` on `heading`	Object Attribute: `level:<value>`	Property: `AriaProperties.level`: `<value>` Property: `StyleId_Heading`: `<value>`	Object Attribute: `level:<value>`	Property: `AXValue`: `<value>`
`aria-live`=`assertive`	Object Attribute: `live:assertive` Object Attribute: `container-live:assertive` Object Attribute: `container-live:assertive` on all descendants See also: Changes to document content or node visibility	Property: `LiveSetting`: `"assertive"` See also: Changes to document content or node visibility	Object Attribute: `live:assertive` Object Attribute: `container-live:assertive` Object Attribute: `container-live:assertive` on all descendants See also: Changes to document content or node visibility	Property: `AXARIALive`: `"assertive"` See also: Changes to document content or node visibility
`aria-live`=`polite`	Object Attribute: `live:polite` Object Attribute: `container-live:polite` Object Attribute: `container-live:polite` on all descendants See also: Changes to document content or node visibility	Property: `LiveSetting`: `"polite"` See also: Changes to document content or node visibility	Object Attribute: `live:polite` Object Attribute: `container-live:polite` Object Attribute: `container-live:polite` on all descendants See also: Changes to document content or node visibility	Property: `AXARIALive`: `"polite"` See also: Changes to document content or node visibility
`aria-live`=`off`	Object Attribute: `live:off` Object Attribute: `container-live:off` Object Attribute: `container-live:off` on all descendants	Property: `LiveSetting`: `"off"`	Object Attribute: `live:off` Object Attribute: `container-live:off` Object Attribute: `container-live:off` on all descendants	Property: `AXARIALive`: `"off"`
`aria-modal`=`true`	State: `IA2_STATE_MODAL`	Property: `Window.IsModal`: `true`	State: `STATE_MODAL`	Prune the accessibility tree such that the background content is no longer exposed. No specific property is set on the accessible object that corresponds to the element with `aria-modal="true"`. Only the tree whose root is that modal accessible object is exposed.
`aria-modal`=`false`	State: `IA2_STATE_MODAL` not exposed	Property: `Window.IsModal`: `false`	State: `STATE_MODAL` not exposed	Grow the accessibility tree such that the background content is exposed. No specific property is set on the accessible object that corresponds to the element with `aria-modal="false"`.
`aria-multiline`=`true`	State: `IA2_STATE_MULTI_LINE` State: `IA2_STATE_SINGLE_LINE` not exposed	Property: `AriaProperties.multiline`: `true`	State: `STATE_MULTI_LINE` State: `STATE_SINGLE_LINE` not exposed	Not mapped See also: `textbox` in the Role Mapping Table
`aria-multiline`=`false`	State: `IA2_STATE_SINGLE_LINE` State: `IA2_STATE_MULTI_LINE` not exposed	Not mapped	State: `STATE_SINGLE_LINE` State: `STATE_MULTI_LINE` not exposed	Not mapped See also: `textbox` in the Role Mapping Table
`aria-multiselectable`=`true`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_MULTISELECTABLE` State: `STATE_SYSTEM_EXTSELECTABLE` See also: Selection for details on accessibility events	Property: `Selection.CanSelectMultiple`: `true` See also: Selection for details on accessibility events	State: `STATE_MULTISELECTABLE` See also: Selection for details on accessibility events	Not mapped See also: Selection for details on accessibility events
`aria-multiselectable`=`false`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_MULTISELECTABLE` not exposed State: `STATE_SYSTEM_EXTSELECTABLE` not exposed See also: Selection for details on accessibility events	Not mapped*	State: `STATE_MULTISELECTABLE` not exposed	Not mapped*
`aria-orientation`=`horizontal`	State: `IA2_STATE_HORIZONTAL` State: `IA2_STATE_VERTICAL` not exposed	Property: `Orientation`: `horizontal`	State: `STATE_HORIZONTAL` State: `STATE_VERTICAL` not exposed	Property: `AXOrientation`: `AXHorizontalOrientation`
`aria-orientation`=`vertical`	State: `IA2_STATE_VERTICAL` State: `IA2_STATE_HORIZONTAL` not exposed	Property: `Orientation`: `vertical`	State: `STATE_VERTICAL` State: `STATE_HORIZONTAL` not exposed	Property: `AXOrientation`: `AXVerticalOrientation`
`aria-orientation` is undefined	Not mapped*	Not mapped*	State: `STATE_VERTICAL` not exposed State: `STATE_HORIZONTAL` not exposed	Property: `AXOrientation`: `AXUnknownOrientation`
`aria-owns`	User agents MAY expose the elements that are referenced by this property as children of the current element. In which case, if multiple `aria-owns` relationships are found, use only the first one. If the accessibility tree is not modified, expose as: Relation: `IA2_RELATION_NODE_PARENT_OF` points to accessible nodes matching IDREFs, if the referenced objects are in the accessibility tree Reverse Relation: `IA2_RELATION_NODE_CHILD_OF` points to element See also: Mapping Additional Relations	Expose the elements that are referenced by this property as children of the current element. If multiple `aria-owns` relationships are found, use only the first one.	User agents MAY expose the elements that are referenced by this property as children of the current element. In which case, if multiple `aria-owns` relationships are found, use only the first one. If the accessibility tree is not modified, expose as: Relation: `RELATION_NODE_PARENT_OF` points to accessible nodes matching IDREFs, if the referenced objects are in the accessibility tree Reverse Relation: `RELATION_NODE_CHILD_OF` points to element See also: Mapping Additional Relations	Property: `AXOwns`: pointers to accessible nodes matching IDREFs
`aria-placeholder`	Object Attribute: `placeholder-text:<value>`	Property: `HelpText`: `<value>`	Object Attribute: `placeholder-text:<value>`	Property: `AXPlaceholderValue`: `<value>`
`aria-posinset`	Object Attribute: `posinset:<value>` See also: Group Position	Property: `AriaProperties.posinset`: `<value>` See also: Group Position	Object Attribute: `posinset:<value>` See also: Group Position	Property: `AXARIAPosInSet`: `<value>` See also: Group Position
`aria-pressed`=`true`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_PRESSED` See also: `button` with defined value for `aria-pressed`	Property: `Toggle.ToggleState`: `On (1)`	State: `STATE_PRESSED` See also: `button` with defined value for `aria-pressed`	Property: `AXValue`: `1` See also: `button` with defined value for `aria-pressed`
`aria-pressed`=`mixed`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_MIXED` See also: `button` with defined value for `aria-pressed`	Property: `Toggle.ToggleState`: `Indeterminate (2)`	State: `STATE_INDETERMINATE` See also: `button` with defined value for `aria-pressed`	Property: `AXValue`: `2` See also: `button` with defined value for `aria-pressed`
`aria-pressed`=`false`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_PRESSED` not exposed See also: `button` with defined value for `aria-pressed`	Property: `Toggle.ToggleState`: `Off (3)`	State: `STATE_PRESSED` not exposed See also: `button` with defined value for `aria-pressed`	Property: `AXValue`: `0` See also: `button` with defined value for `aria-pressed`
`aria-pressed` is undefined	Not mapped*	Not mapped*	Not mapped*	Not mapped*
`aria-readonly`=`true`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_READONLY`	Property: `Value.IsReadOnly`: `true`	State: `STATE_READ_ONLY` State: `STATE_EDITABLE` not exposed on text input roles State: `STATE_CHECKABLE` not exposed on roles supporting `aria-checked` State: `STATE_CHECKABLE` not exposed on radio descendants when used on a `radiogroup`	Method: `AXUIElementIsAttributeSettable(AXValue)`: `NO`
`aria-readonly`=`false`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_READONLY` not exposed State: `IA2_STATE_EDITABLE`	Property: `Value.IsReadOnly`: `false`	State: `STATE_READ_ONLY` not exposed	Method: `AXUIElementIsAttributeSettable(AXValue)`: `YES`
`aria-readonly` is unspecified on `gridcell`	The `gridcell` MUST inherit any author-provided value for `aria-readonly` from the containing `grid` or `treegrid`. Expose the inherited value on the `gridcell` as described for `aria-readonly="true"` and `aria-readonly="false"`.	The `gridcell` MUST inherit any author-provided value for `aria-readonly` from the containing `grid` or `treegrid`. Expose the inherited value on the `gridcell` as described for `aria-readonly="true"` and `aria-readonly="false"`.	The `gridcell` MUST inherit any author-provided value for `aria-readonly` from the containing `grid` or `treegrid`. Expose the inherited value on the `gridcell` as described for `aria-readonly="true"` and `aria-readonly="false"`.	The `gridcell` MUST inherit any author-provided value for `aria-readonly` from the containing `grid` or `treegrid`. Expose the inherited value on the `gridcell` as described for `aria-readonly="true"` and `aria-readonly="false"`.
`aria-relevant`	Object Attribute: `relevant:<value>` Object Attribute: `container-relevant:<value>` Object Attribute: `container-relevant:<value>` on all descendants See also: Changes to document content or node visibility	Property: `AriaProperties.relevant`: `<value>` See also: Changes to document content or node visibility	Object Attribute: `relevant:<value>` Object Attribute: `container-relevant:<value>` Object Attribute: `container-relevant:<value>` on all descendants See also: Changes to document content or node visibility	Property: `AXARIARelevant`: `<value>` See also: Changes to document content or node visibility
`aria-required`=`true`	State: `IA2_STATE_REQUIRED`	Property: `IsRequiredForForm`: `true`	State: `STATE_REQUIRED`	Property: `AXRequired`: `YES`
`aria-required`=`false`	Not mapped*	Not mapped*	Not mapped*	Not mapped*
`aria-roledescription`	Method: `localizedExtendedRole()`: `<value>`	Localized Control Type: `<value>`	Object Attribute: `roledescription:<value>`	Property: `AXRoleDescription`: `<value>`
`aria-roledescription` is empty or whitespace characters	Not mapped	Localized Control Type is defined as that specified for the role of the element: based on the explicit role if the role attribute is provided; otherwise, based on the implicit role for the host language.	Not mapped	AXRoleDescription is defined as that specified for the role of the element: based on the explicit role if the role attribute is provided; otherwise, based on the implicit role for the host language.
`aria-rowcount`	Object Attribute: `rowcount:<value>` Method: `IAccessible2::groupPosition()`: `similarItemsInGroup=<value>` on rows	Property: `Grid.RowCount`: `<value>`	Object Attribute: `rowcount` should contain the author-provided value. Method: `atk_table_get_n_rows()` should return the actual number of rows.	Property: `AXARIARowCount`: `<value>`
`aria-rowindex`	Object Attribute: `rowindex:<value>` Method: `IAccessible2::groupPosition()`: `positionInGroup=<value>` on rows	Property: `GridItem.Row`: `<value>` (zero-based)	Object Attribute: `rowindex` should contain the author-provided value. Method: `atk_table_cell_get_position()` should return the actual (zero-based) row index.	Property: `AXARIARowIndex`: `<value>`
`aria-rowindextext`	Object Attribute: `rowindextext:<value>`	Property: `AriaProperties.rowindextext`: `<value>`	Object Attribute: `rowindextext:<value>`	Property: TBD
`aria-rowspan`	Object Attribute: `rowspan:<value>` Method: `IAccessibleTableCell::rowExtent()`: `column=<value>`	Property: `GridItem.RowSpan`: `<value>`	Object Attribute: `rowspan` should contain the author-provided value. Method: `atk_table_cell_get_row_column_span()` should return the actual row span.	Property: `AXRowIndexRange.length`: `<value>`
`aria-selected`=`true`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_SELECTABLE` State: `STATE_SYSTEM_SELECTED` See also: Selection for details on accessibility events	Property: `SelectionItem.IsSelected`: `true`	State: `STATE_SELECTABLE` State: `STATE_SELECTED` See also: Selection for details on accessibility events	Property: `AXSelected`: `YES`
`aria-selected`=`false`	State: `STATE_SYSTEM_SELECTABLE` State: `STATE_SYSTEM_SELECTED` not exposed See also: Selection for details on accessibility events	Property: `SelectionItem.IsSelected`: `false`	State: `STATE_SELECTABLE` State: `STATE_SELECTED` not exposed See also: Selection for details on accessibility events	Property: `AXSelected`: `NO`
`aria-selected` is undefined	Not mapped	Not mapped	Not mapped	Not mapped
`aria-setsize`	Object Attribute: `setsize:<value>` See also: Group Position	Property: `AriaProperties.setsize`: `<value>` See also: Group Position	If the author-provided value of `aria-setsize` is `-1`, the exposed value should be based on the number of objects in the DOM. Object Attribute: `setsize:<value>` State: `STATE_INDETERMINATE` if the author-provided value is `-1` See also: Group Position	Property: `AXARIASetSize`: `<value>` See also: Group Position
`aria-sort`=`ascending`	Object Attribute: `sort:ascending`	Property: `AriaProperties.sort`: `ascending` Property: `ItemStatus`: `ascending` if the element maps to `HeaderItem` Control Type	Object Attribute: `sort:ascending`	Property: `AXSortDirection`: `AXAscendingSortDirection`
`aria-sort`=`descending`	Object Attribute: `sort:descending`	Property: `AriaProperties.sort`: `descending` Property: `ItemStatus`: `descending` if the element maps to `HeaderItem` Control Type	Object Attribute: `sort:descending`	Property: `AXSortDirection`: `AXDescendingSortDirection`
`aria-sort`=`other`	Object Attribute: `sort:other`	Property: `AriaProperties.sort`: `other` Property: `ItemStatus`: `other` if the element maps to `HeaderItem` Control Type	Object Attribute: `sort:other`	Property: `AXSortDirection`: `AXUnknownSortDirection`
`aria-sort`=`none`	Object Attribute: `sort:none`, if the value is not unspecified	Not mapped*	Object Attribute: `sort:none`, if the value is not unspecified	Not mapped*
`aria-valuemax`	Method: `IAccessibleValue::maximumValue()`: `<value>` See also: Handling Author Errors for States and Properties	Property: `RangeValue.Maximum`: `<value>` See also: Handling Author Errors for States and Properties	Method: `atk_value_get_maximum_value()`: `<value>` See also: Handling Author Errors for States and Properties	Property: `AXMaxValue`: `<value>` See also: Handling Author Errors for States and Properties
`aria-valuemin`	Method: `IAccessibleValue::minimumValue()`: `<value>` See also: Handling Author Errors for States and Properties	Property: `RangeValue.Minimum`: `<value>` See also: Handling Author Errors for States and Properties	Method: `atk_value_get_minimum_value()`: `<value>` See also: Handling Author Errors for States and Properties	Property: `AXMinValue`: `<value>` See also: Handling Author Errors for States and Properties
`aria-valuenow`	Method: `IAccessibleValue::currentValue()`: `<value>` Method: `IAccessible::get_accValue()`: `<value>` if `aria-valuetext` is not defined See also: Handling Author Errors for States and Properties	Property: `RangeValue.Value`: `<value>` See also: Handling Author Errors for States and Properties	Method: `atk_value_get_current_value()`: `<value>` See also: Handling Author Errors for States and Properties	Property: `AXValue`: `<value>` See also: Handling Author Errors for States and Properties
`aria-valuetext`	Method: `IAccessible::get_accValue()`: `<value>` Object Attribute: `valuetext:<value>` See also: Handling Author Errors for States and Properties	Property: `Value.Value`: `<value>` See also: Handling Author Errors for States and Properties	Object Attribute: `valuetext:<value>` See also: Handling Author Errors for States and Properties	Property: `AXValueDescription`: `<value>` See also: Handling Author Errors for States and Properties

4.6 Special Processing Requiring Additional Computation

4.6.1 Name and Description

For information on how to compute an accessible name or accessible description, see the section titled Accessible Name and Description Computation of the Accessible Name and Description Computation specification.

4.6.2 Relations

Often in a GUI, there are relationships between the widgets that can be exposed programmatically to assistive technology. WAI-ARIA provides several relationship properties which are globally applicable to any element: aria-controls, aria-describedby, aria-flowto, aria-labelledby, aria-owns, aria-posinset, and aria-setsize. Therefore, it is not important to check the role before computing them. User agents can simply map these relations to accessibility APIs as defined in the section titled State and Property Mapping.

4.6.2.1 Reverse Relations

A reverse relation exists when an element's ID is referenced by a property in another element. For APIs that support reverse relations, user agents MUST use the mapping defined in the State and Property Mapping Table when an element's ID is referenced by a relation property of another element and the referenced element is in the accessibility tree. All WAI-ARIA references must point to an element that is exposed as an accessible object in the accessibility tree. When the referenced object is not exposed in the accessibility tree (e.g. because it is hidden), the reference is null. aria-labelledby and aria-describedby have an additional feature, which allows them to pull a flattened string from the referenced element to populate the name or description fields of the accessibility API. This feature is described in the Name and Description section.

Special case: If both aria-labelledby and HTML <label for= … > are used, the user agent MUST use the WAI-ARIA relation and MUST ignore the HTML label relation.

Note that aria-describedby may reference structured or interactive information where users would want to be able to navigate to different sections of content. User agents MAY provide a way for the user to navigate to structured information referenced by aria-describedby and assistive technology SHOULD provide such a method.

4.6.2.2 Implied reverse relations

In addition to the explicit relations defined by WAI-ARIA properties, reverse relations are implied in two other situations: elements with role="treeitem" where the ancestor does not have an aria-owns property and descendants of elements with aria-atomic property.

In the case of role="treeitem", when aria-owns is not used, user agents SHOULD do the following where reverse relations are supported by the API:

If the current treeitem uses aria-level, then walk backwards in the tree until a treeitem is found with a lower aria-level, then set RELATION_NODE_CHILD_OF to that element. If the top of the tree is reached, then set RELATION_NODE_CHILD_OF to the tree element itself.
If the parent of the treeitem has a role of group, then walk backwards from the group until an element with a role of treeitem is found, then set RELATION_NODE_CHILD_OF to that element.

In the case of aria-atomic, where reverse relations are supported by the API:

User agents SHOULD check the chain of ancestor elements for aria-atomic="true". If found, user agents SHOULD set the RELATION_MEMBER_OF relation to point to the ancestor that sets aria-atomic="true".

4.6.3 Group Position

aria-level, aria-posinset, and aria-setsize are all 1-based. When the property is not present or is "0", it indicates the property is not computed or not supported. If any of these properties are specified by the author as either "0" or a negative number, user agents SHOULD use "1" instead.

If aria-level is not provided or inherited for an element of role treeitem or comment, user agents implementing IAccessible2 or ATK/AT-SPI MUST compute it by following the explicit or computed RELATION_NODE_CHILD_OF relations.

If aria-posinset and aria-setsize are not provided, user agents MUST compute them as follows:

for role="treeitem" and role="comment", walk the tree backward and forward until the explicit or computed level becomes less than the current item's level. Count items only if they are at the same level as the current item.
Otherwise, if the role supports aria-posinset and aria-setsize, process the parent (DOM parent or parent defined by aria-owns), counting items that have the same role.
Because these value are 1-based, include the current item in the computation. For aria-posinset, include the current item and other group items if they are before the current item in the DOM. For aria-setsize, add to that the number of items in the same group after the current item in the DOM.

If the author provides one or more of aria-setsize and aria-posinset, it is the author's responsibility to supply them for all elements in the set. User agent correction of missing values in this case is not defined.

MSAA/IAccessible2 API mappings involve an additional function, groupPosition() [IAccessible2], when aria-level, aria-posinset, and/or aria-setsize are present on an element, or are computed by the user agent. When this occurs:

aria-level is exposed in the groupLevel parameter of groupPosition(),
aria-setsize is exposed in the similarItemsInGroup parameter, and
aria-posinset is exposed in the positionInGroup parameter.

4.7 Actions

As part of mapping roles to accessible objects as defined in Role Mapping, users agents expose a default action on the object.

MSAA: If an AT calls DoDefaultAction on an accessible object, the user agent SHOULD simulate a click on the DOM element which is mapped to that accessible object.
IAccessible2: If an AT calls the IAccessibleAction on an accessible object, the user agent SHOULD simulate a click on the DOM element which is mapped to that accessible object.
UIA Automation: If an AT calls any UIA pattern method on an accessible object, the user agent SHOULD simulate a click on the DOM element which is mapped to that accessible object.
ATK/AT-SPI: If an AT calls an action on an accessible object, the user agent SHOULD simulate a click on the DOM element which is mapped to that accessible object.
AX API: If an AT triggers an AXPress action on an accessible object, the user agent SHOULD simulate a click on the DOM element which is mapped to that accessible object.

Note

Authors will need to create handlers for those click events that update WAI-ARIA states and properties in the DOM accordingly, so that those updated states can be populated by the user agent in the Accessibility API.

4.8 Events

User agents fire events for user actions, WAI-ARIA state changes, changes to document content or node visibility, changes in selection and operation of menus as defined in the following sections.

4.8.1 State and Property Change Events

User agents MUST notify assistive technology of state changes as defined in the table below, SHOULD notify assistive technology of property changes if the accessibility API defines a change event for the property, and SHOULD NOT notify assistive technology of property changes if the accessibility API does not define a change event for the property. For example, IAccessible2 defines an event to be used when aria-activedescendant changes. WAI-ARIA properties that are expected to change include aria-activedescendant, aria-valuenow, and aria-valuetext.

Note

In some APIs, AT will only be notified of events to which it has subscribed.

For simplicity and performance the user agent MAY trim out change events for state or property changes that assistive technologies typically ignore, such as events that are happening in a window that does not currently have focus.

Note

Translators: For label text associated with the following table and its toggle buttons, see the mappingTableLabels object in the <head> section of this document.

Table of events to be fired in each API for changes in WAI-ARIA states and properties
State or Property	MSAA + IAccessible2 event	UIA event	ATK/AT-SPI event	AX API Notification
`aria-activedescendant`	See Focus Changes. In addition: `IA2_EVENT_ACTIVE_DESCENDANT_CHANGED`	See Focus Changes. In addition: `PropertyChangedEvent` Property: `AriaProperties`	See Focus Changes.	See Focus Changes. In addition: `AXSelectedChildrenChanged`
`aria-busy` (state)	`EVENT_OBJECT_STATECHANGE`	`PropertyChangedEvent` Property: `AriaProperties`	`object:state-changed:busy`	`AXElementBusyChanged`
`aria-checked` (state)	`EVENT_OBJECT_STATECHANGE`	`PropertyChangedEvent` Properties: `AriaProperties`, `ToggleState` as part of `toggle` pattern	`object:state-changed:checked`	`AXValueChanged`
`aria-current` (state)	`IA2_EVENT_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTE_CHANGED`	`PropertyChangedEvent` Property: `AriaProperties`	`object:state-changed:active`	No notification
`aria-disabled` (state)	`EVENT_OBJECT_STATECHANGE`	`PropertyChangedEvent` Properties: `AriaProperties`, `IsEnabled`	`object:state-changed:enabled` and `object:state-changed:sensitive`	No notification
`aria-describedby`	`EVENT_OBJECT_DESCRIPTIONCHANGE`	`PropertyChangedEvent` Properties: `DescribedBy`	`object:property-change:accessible-description`	TBD
`aria-dropeffect` (property)	`IA2_EVENT_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTE_CHANGED`	`PropertyChangedEvent` Property: `AriaProperties`	`object:property-change`	No notification
`aria-expanded` (state)	`EVENT_OBJECT_STATECHANGE`	`PropertyChangedEvent` Properties: `AriaProperties`, `ExpandCollapseState` as part of the `ExpandCollapse` pattern	`object:state-changed:expanded`	`AXRowExpanded`, `AXRowCollapsed`, `AXRowCountChanged`
`aria-grabbed` (state)	`EVENT_OBJECT_SELECTION` `IA2_EVENT_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTE_CHANGED`	`PropertyChangedEvent` Property: `AriaProperties`	`object:property-change`	No notification
`aria-hidden` (state)	`IA2_EVENT_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTE_CHANGED`	`StructureChangedEvent` `PropertyChangedEvent` Property: `AriaProperties`	`object:property-change`	`AXUIElementDestroyed`, `AXUIElementCreated`
`aria-invalid` (state)	`EVENT_OBJECT_STATECHANGE`	`PropertyChangedEvent` Properties: `AriaProperties`, `IsDataValidForForm`	`object:state-changed:invalid_entry`	`AXInvalidStatusChanged`
`aria-label` and `aria-labelledby`	`EVENT_OBJECT_NAMECHANGE`	`PropertyChangedEvent` Property for `aria-label`: `AriaProperties` Property for `aria-labelledby`: `LabeledBy`	`object:property-change:accessible-name`	TBD
`aria-pressed` (state)	`EVENT_OBJECT_STATECHANGE`	`PropertyChangedEvent` Properties: `AriaProperties`, `ToggleState` as part of `toggle` pattern	`object:state-changed:pressed`	No notification
`aria-readonly`	`EVENT_OBJECT_STATECHANGE`	`PropertyChangedEvent` Property: `AriaProperties`	`object:state-changed:readonly`	No notification
`aria-required`	`EVENT_OBJECT_STATECHANGE`	`PropertyChangedEvent` Properties: `AriaProperties`, `IsRequiredForForm`	`object:state-changed:required`	No notification
`aria-selected` (state)	See section Selection for details.	See section Selection for details.	See section Selection for details.	See section Selection for details.
`aria-valuenow`	`EVENT_OBJECT_VALUECHANGE`	`PropertyChangedEvent` Properties: `AriaProperties`, also `RangeValueValue` if element is mapped with `RangeValue` Control Pattern	`object:property-change:accessible-value`	`AXValueChanged`
`aria-valuetext`	`EVENT_OBJECT_VALUECHANGE`	`PropertyChangedEvent` Property: `AriaProperties`	`object:property-change:accessible-value`	`AXValueChanged`

4.8.2 Changes to document content or node visibility

Processing document changes is important regardless of WAI-ARIA. The events described in the table below are used by user agents to inform AT of changes to the DOM via the accessibility tree. For the purposes of conformance with this standard, user agents MUST implement the behavior described in this section whenever WAI-ARIA attributes are applied to dynamic content on a Web page.

Table of document change scenarios and events to be fired in each API
Scenario	MSAA + IAccessible2 event	UIA event	ATK/AT-SPI event	AX API Notification
When text is removed	`IA2_EVENT_TEXT_REMOVED`	`EVENT_OBJECT_LIVEREGIONCHANGED`	`text_changed::delete`	If in a live region, `AXLiveRegionChanged`. If in `aria-errormessage`, `AXValidationErrorChanged`.
When text is inserted	`IA2_EVENT_TEXT_INSERTED`	`EVENT_OBJECT_LIVEREGIONCHANGED`	`text_changed::insert`	If in a live region, `AXLiveRegionChanged`. If in `aria-errormessage`, `AXValidationErrorChanged`.
When text is changed	`IA2_EVENT_TEXT_REMOVE` and `IA2_EVENT_TEXT_INSERTED`	`EVENT_OBJECT_LIVEREGIONCHANGED`	`text_changed::delete` and `text_changed::insert`	If in a live region, `AXLiveRegionChanged`. If in `aria-errormessage`, `AXValidationErrorChanged`.

Fire these events for node changes where the node in question is an element and has an accessible object:

Table of document change scenarios and events to be fired in each API
Scenario	MSAA	Microsoft UIA event	ATK/AT-SPI event	AX API Notification
When an accessibility subtree is hidden	`EVENT_OBJECT_HIDE` The MSAA event called `EVENT_OBJECT_DESTROY` is not used because this has a history of stability issues and assistive technology avoids it. In any case, from the user's point of view, there is no difference between something that is hidden or destroyed.	`AutomationElement..::.StructureChangedEvent`	`children_changed::remove`	`AXUIElementDestroyed` If in a live region, `AXLiveRegionChanged`
When an accessibility subtree is removed	`EVENT_OBJECT_REORDER` The MSAA event called `EVENT_OBJECT_DESTROY` is not used because this has a history of stability issues and assistive technology avoids it. In any case, from the user's point of view, there is no difference between something that is hidden or destroyed.	`AutomationElement..::.StructureChangedEvent`	`children_changed::remove`	`AXUIElementDestroyed` If in a live region, `AXLiveRegionChanged`
When an accessibility subtree is shown	`EVENT_OBJECT_SHOW`		`children_changed::add`	`AXUIElementCreated` If in a live region, `AXLiveRegionChanged`
When an accessibility subtree is inserted	`EVENT_OBJECT_REORDER`		`children_changed::add`	`AXUIElementCreated` If in a live region, `AXLiveRegionChanged`
When an accessibility subtree is moved	Treat it as a removal from one place and insertion in another	Treat it as a removal from one place and insertion in another	Treat it as a removal from one place and insertion in another	`AXUIElementDestroyed`/ `AXUIElementCreated` If in a live region, `AXLiveRegionChanged`
When an accessibility subtree is changed (e.g. replaceNode)	Treat it as a removal and insertion	Treat it as a removal and insertion	Treat it as a removal and insertion	`AXUIElementDestroyed`/ `AXUIElementCreated` If in a live region, `AXLiveRegionChanged`

In some cases, node changes may occur where the node is not an element or has no accessible object. For example, a numbered list bullet ("12.") may have a node in the accessibility tree but not in the DOM tree. For text within a paragraph marked in HTML as <strong>, the <strong> element has a node in the DOM tree but may not have one in the accessibility tree. The text itself will of course be in the accessibility tree along with the identification of the range of text that is formatted as strong. If any of the changes described in the table above occur on such a node, user agents SHOULD compute and fire relevant text change events as described above.

User agents SHOULD ensure that an assistive technology, running in process can receive notification of a node being removed prior to removal. This allows an assistive technology, such as a screen reader, to refer back to the corresponding DOM node being deleted. This is important for live regions where removals are important. For example, a screen reader would want to notify a user that another user has left a chat room. The event in MSAA would be EVENT_OBJECT_HIDE. For ATK/AT-SPI this would be children_changed::remove. And in macOS, the event is AXLiveRegionChanged. This also requires the user agent to provide a unique ID in the accessibility API notification identifying the unique node being removed.

When firing any of the above-mentioned change events, it is very useful to provide information about whether the change was caused by user input (as opposed to a timeout initiated from the page load, etc.). This allows the assistive technology to have different rules for presenting changes from the real world as opposed to from user action. Mouse hovers are not considered explicit user input because they can occur from accidental bumps of the mouse.

To expose whether a change occurred from user input:

In ATK/AT-SPI this can be provided by appending the string ":system" to the event name when the user did not cause the change.
In IAccessible2, which screen readers typically access in process on the same thread, the best practice is to expose the object attribute event-from-user-input:true on the accessible object for the event, if the user caused the change.

Exposing additional useful information about the context of the change:

In ATK/AT-SPI and IAccessible2, the RELATION_MEMBER_OF relation on the accessible event's target accessible object SHOULD point to any ancestor with aria-atomic="true" (if any).
In ATK/AT-SPI and IAccessible2, the container-live, container-relevant, container-busy, container-atomic object attributes SHOULD be exposed on the accessible event object, providing the computed value for the related WAI-ARIA properties. The computed value is the value of the closest ancestor. It is recommended to not expose the object attribute if the default value is used.

Additional MSAA events may be necessary:

If something changes in an ancestor with a mapped MSAA role of ROLE_SYSTEM_ALERT, then an EVENT_SYSTEM_ALERT event SHOULD be fired for the alert. The alert role has an implied value of "assertive" for the aria-live property.
Menu events may need to be fired. See Special Events for Menus.

4.8.3 Focus Changes

The following table defines the accessibility API keyboard focus states and events.

Table of accessibility APIs for focus states and events
	MSAA	Microsoft UIA	ATK/AT-SPI	AX API
Focusable state	`STATE_SYSTEM_FOCUSABLE`	Current state reflected in `IUIAutomationElement::CurrentIsKeyboardFocusable`, can be retrieved with `IUIAutomationElement::GetCurrentPropertyValue` method using `UIA_IsKeyboardFocusablePropertyId` property identifier.	`STATE_FOCUSABLE`	`boolean AXFocused`: the `AXUIElementIsAttributeSettable` method returns `YES`.
Focused state	`STATE_SYSTEM_FOCUSED`	Current state reflected in `IUIAutomationElement::CurrentHasKeyboardFocus`, can be retrieved with `IUIAutomationElement::GetCurrentPropertyValue` method using `UIA_HasKeyboardFocusPropertyId` property identifier.	`STATE_FOCUSED`	`boolean AXFocused`
Focus event	`EVENT_OBJECT_FOCUS`	Clients can subscribe with `IUIAutomation::AddFocusChangedEventHandler` using callback interface is `IUIAutomationFocusChangedEventHandler`	`object:state-changed:focused` and: `detail1 = 1` for the accessible object which just gained focus. `detail1 = 0` for the accessible object which just lost focus.	`AXFocusedUIElementChanged`

4.8.4 Selection

There are two cases for selection:

Single selection
Multiple selection

In the single selection case, selection follows focus (see the section "Focus States and Events Table" for information about focus events). User agents MUST fire the following events when aria-selected changes:

Single selection events
Scenario	MSAA	Microsoft UIA	ATK/AT-SPI	AX API
Focus change	`EVENT_OBJECT_SELECTION` and `EVENT_OBJECT_STATECHANGE` on newly focused item.	`UIA_SelectionItem_ElementSelectedEventId` on the newly focused element. If on a `gridcell`, `row`, `option`, or `tab`, fire `UIA_SelectionItem_ElementSelectedEventId`.	`object:selection-changed` on the current container, `object:state-changed:selected` on the descendant accessible object whose selection has changed: `detail1 = 1` for the descendant which just became selected. `detail1 = 0` for the descendant which just became unselected.	`AXSelectedChildrenChanged`

The multiple selection case occurs when aria-multiselectable="true" on an element with a role that supports that property. User agents MUST fire the following events when aria-selected changes on a descendant, as follows:

The multiple selection case occurs when aria-multiselectable="true" on an element with a role that supports that property. There are several important aspects:

In Microsoft UIA, the Selection and SelectionItem Control Patterns expose the selection availability, state, and methods.
User agents MUST fire the following events when aria-selected changes on a descendant, as follows:

Multiple selection events
Scenario	MSAA	Microsoft UIA	ATK/AT-SPI	AX API
Toggle `aria-selected`	`EVENT_OBJECT_SELECTIONADD`/`EVENT_OBJECT_SELECTIONREMOVE` on the item.	`SelectionItem Control Pattern`:`UIA_SelectionItem_ElementAddedToSelectionEventId` or `UIA_SelectionItem_ElementRemovedFromSelectionEventId` on the item.	`object:selection-changed` on the current container, `object:state-changed:selected` on any descendant accessible object whose selection has changed: `detail1 = 1` for any descendant which just became selected. `detail1 = 0` for any descendant which just became unselected.	`AXSelectedChildrenChanged`
Selection follows focus	`EVENT_OBJECT_SELECTION` and `EVENT_OBJECT_STATECHANGE` on newly focused item.	`FocusChangedEvent` should be fired but individual selection event may not happen, to avoid redundancy.	`object:selection-changed` on the current container, `object:state-changed:selected` on any descendant accessible object whose selection has changed: `detail1 = 1` for any accessible object which just became selected. `detail1 = 0` for any accessible object which just became unselected.	`AXSelectedChildrenChanged`
Select or deselect many items at once	User agent MAY fire an `EVENT_OBJECT_SELECTIONWITHIN`. If this event is fired the other events noted above MAY be trimmed out for performance.	For each element selected or deselected, fire `SelectionItem` Control Pattern: `UIA_SelectionItem_ElementAddedToSelectionEventId` or `UIA_SelectionItem_ElementRemovedFromSelectionEventId` on the current container. User agents MAY choose to fire the Selection Control Pattern Invalidated event, which indicates that the selection in a container has changed significantly and requires sending more addition and removal events than the `InvalidateLimit` constant permits.	the user agent MAY fire a single `object:selection-changed` event on the container, vs. multiple events, for performance, `object:state-changed:selected` on any descendant accessible object whose selection has changed: `detail1 = 1` for any accessible object which just became selected. `detail1 = 0` for any accessible object which just became unselected.	`AXSelectedChildrenChanged`

4.8.5 Special Events for Menus

Some APIs, provide special events whenever a menu is opened or closed. User agents SHOULD provide the events as described in the table below. If provided, because menus can be made visible or hidden using a variety of techniques, a user agent MUST ensure that the events are nested and symmetrical.

Frequently, a menubar is used to organize a hierarchy of menus. In those cases, the menubar MUST be a DOM parent of the associated menuitems, or one defined by aria-owns. In other cases, no menubar is involved; for example, when the menu is associated with a toolbar button, or is a context menu. Nonetheless the relevant menu events are provided as described in the following table.

Menu events
Scenario	MSAA	Microsoft UIA	AX API
Menubar is currently not active, and user moves focus to the menubar from elsewhere thereby activating it. As a result, a menuitem in the menubar is focused.	Activate the menubar and fire `EVENT_SYSTEM_MENUSTART` on the accessible object for the menubar.	`MenuModeStartEvent` on the accessible object for the menu.	`AXMenuOpenedNotification`
Focus a menuitem while menubar is activated, or focus a menuitem in a menu.	`EVENT_OBJECT_FOCUS`	`AutomationFocusChangedEvent`	`AXMenuItemSelectedNotification`
Menu popup made visible (menu is opened). Should only be fired once until the menu is closed and opened again.	`EVENT_SYSTEM_MENUPOPUPSTART`	`MenuOpenedEvent`, then a `focus` event on a menuitem.	`AXMenuOpenedNotification`
Menu popup hidden (menu is closed).	`EVENT_SYSTEM_MENUPOPUPEND` once only for accessible menu object and only if `EVENT_SYSTEM_MENUPOPUPSTART` was fired for it.	`MenuClosedEvent`	`AXMenuClosedNotification`
Any open menus are closed including sub-menus, and user moves focus away from the menubar; menubar is deactivated.	`EVENT_SYSTEM_MENUEND` on the menubar and deactivate the menubar.	`MenuClosedEvent`, then `MenuModeEndEvent`	`AXMenuClosedNotification`

Core Accessibility API Mappings 1.2

Abstract

Status of This Document

1. Introduction

1.1 Accessibility APIs

1.2 Comparing Accessibility APIs

1.2.1 ATK/AT-SPI

1.2.2 UIA (UI Automation)

1.2.3 Accessible Names and Descriptions

2. Conformance

2.1 RFC-2119 Keywords

2.2 Normative and Informative Sections

2.3 Features Deprecated in WAI-ARIA

3. Important Terms

4. Mapping WAI-ARIA to Accessibility APIs

4.1 General rules for exposing WAI-ARIA semantics

4.2 Conflicts between native markup semantics and WAI-ARIA

4.3 Exposing attributes that do not directly map to accessibility API properties

4.4 Role mapping

4.4.1 General rules

4.4.2 Role Mapping Table

4.5 State and Property Mapping

4.5.1 General rules

4.5.2 State and Property Mapping Table

4.5.2.1 Not Mapped

4.6 Special Processing Requiring Additional Computation

4.6.1 Name and Description

4.6.2 Relations

4.6.2.1 Reverse Relations

4.6.2.2 Implied reverse relations

4.6.3 Group Position

4.7 Actions

4.8 Events

4.8.1 State and Property Change Events

4.8.2 Changes to document content or node visibility

4.8.3 Focus Changes

4.8.4 Selection

4.8.5 Special Events for Menus

A. Change Log

A.1 Substantive changes since the last public working draft

A.2 Substantive changes since the Core Accessibility API Mappings 1.1 Recommendation

B. Acknowledgments

B.1 Participants active in the ARIA WG at the time of publication

B.2 Other ARIA contributors, commenters, and previously active participants

B.3 Enabling funders

C. References

C.1 Normative references

C.2 Informative references