Copyright ©2006 W3C® (MIT, ERCIM, Keio), All Rights Reserved. W3C liability, trademark and document use rules apply.
Remote Events for XML (REX) 1.0 is an XML [XML] grammar for representing events as they are defined in DOM 3 Events [DOM3EV], primarily but not exclusively for purposes of transmission. It enables one endpoint to interact remotely with another endpoint holding a DOM representation by sending it DOM Events as if they had occurred directly at the same location.
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DOMSubtreeModified'
eventDOMNodeInserted'
eventDOMNodeRemoved'
eventDOMNodeRemovedFromDocument'
eventDOMNodeInsertedIntoDocument'
eventDOMAttrModified'
eventDOMCharacterDataModified'
eventThis section is informative.
The Remote Events for XML (REX) specification defines a transport agnostic XML syntax for the transmission of DOM events as specified in the DOM 3 Events specification [DOM3EV] in such a way as to be compatible with streaming protocols. REX assumes that the transport provides for reliable, timely and in sequence delivery of REX messages. REX does not cover the process of session initiation and termination which are presumed to be handled by other means.
The first version of this specification deliberately restricts itself to the transmission of mutation events (events which notify of changes to the structure or content of the document) so as to remain limited in scope and allow for progressive enhancements to implementations over time rather than require a large specification to be deployed at once. The framework specified here is however compatible with the transmission of any other event type, and great care has been taken to ensure its extensibility and evolvability.
A variety of usage situations in for which REX can be used are exemplified below, also showing some specific features available when using REX.
The following REX message sets the fetch attribute to "ball"
on an element that has an ID of spot.
<rex xmlns='http://www.w3.org/ns/rex#'>
<event target='id("spot")' attrName='fetch' name='DOMAttrModified' newValue='ball'/>
</rex>Note that we do not specify the 'attrChange' attribute since the default handles both modification and addition. The event that will be dispatched will automatically reflect whether an attribute had to be created or if it already existed and simply had its value changed.
The following REX message adds a row at the seventh position (that is, after the current sixth and before the current seventh, which becomes the eighth) in the second table contained in the document's body.
<rex xmlns='http://www.w3.org/ns/rex#' xmlns:x='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<event target='/x:html/x:body/x:table[2]' name='DOMNodeInserted' position='7'>
<tr xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<td>Rover</td>
<td>Alpine Labrador</td>
<td class='food'>bone</td>
</tr>
</event>
</rex>
The following REX message removes the first circle
that is a child of the element with id poodle-stylist-location-layer.
<rex xmlns='http://www.w3.org/ns/rex#' xmlns:svg='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'>
<event target='id("poodle-stylist-location-layer")/svg:circle' name='DOMNodeRemoved'/>
</rex>Note that while the target path may match multiple elements, REX limits the list to the first one that matches. Future versions may include a flag to target multiple elements.
The following REX message replaces an element with ID femur
with the new one provided in the payload.
<rex xmlns='http://www.w3.org/ns/rex#'>
<event target='id("femur")' name='DOMNodeRemoved'>
<bone xmlns='http://example.org/BoneML' xml:id='tibia'>
<taste>good</taste>
<smell>excellent</smell>
<solidity>medium</solidity>
<availability>common</availability>
</bone>
</event>
</rex>Replacement is expressed as a removal with a payload. The processing model is exactly the same as if an event had been transmitted indicating removal, followed by another indicating insertion (internally, a REX user-agent processes both in the exact same manner — which also matches the manner in which a DOM implementation would perform this task) but this shorthand simplifies content generation and is more efficient both in bandwidth and in processing time (since the target only needs to be resolved once).
The following REX message replaces an entire SVG document with a new one.
<rex xmlns='http://www.w3.org/ns/rex#'>
<event target='/' name='DOMNodeRemoved'>
<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 300 400'>
<defs>
<!-- ... --->
</defs>
<g>
<rect x='42' y='27' width='100' height='200' fill='orange'/>
<!-- ... --->
</g>
</svg>
</event>
</rex>
Again, XPath's simple modelling of a document hierarchy is used to
address the node we want to replace, in this case the document node
captured simply as "/".
All nodes, including text, can be updated directly. However character
data has specific events in the DOM that are more straightforward and
can be more lightweight to use. REX supports encapsulating such
updates as well. The following example updates the seventh tspan
element's textual data with new text.
<rex xmlns='http://www.w3.org/ns/rex#' xmlns:svg='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'> <event target='/svg:svg/svg:g[2]/svg:tspan[7]/text()' name='DOMCharacterDataModified' newValue='Hello World!'/> </rex>
The namespace for the REX language is: http://www.w3.org/ns/rex#.
Future versions of this specification will use the same namespace, unless the language is changed in such radical ways that an implementation of previous versions would not be able to process it in a meaningful manner. Implementations of this specification therefore MUST be able to process extensions to the syntax defined in this version, as detailed in the Extensibility section.
All REX messages MUST be contained within a <rex> element. REX messages MAY be contained within other XML elements in other namespaces, but each REX fragment MUST still have a <rex> element as its root.
<rex> elementThe <rex> element serves as the root container for the entire REX message. It MUST be present, even if there is only one <event> element. Elements in the REX namespace that do not have a <rex> ancestor MUST be ignored by the user-agent.
Element rex
<define name='rex'> <element name='rex'> <optional> <attribute name='minimal-version'> <value>1.0</value> </attribute> </optional> <optional> <attribute name='target-document'> <text/> </attribute> </optional> <ref name='ns'/> <ref name='rex.AT'/> <oneOrMore> <ref name='event'/> </oneOrMore> </element> </define>
1.0, 1, or 1.00 are all different versions.
A user-agent supporting this version of the specification MUST accept version identifier
1.0. If the version number is not in the list of versions of this specification
supported by the user-agent, the user-agent MUST reject the message completely and
immediately, ignoring the entirety of its content.
The <rex> element MUST contain one or more <event> elements. Otherwise, the message is invalid and the user-agent MUST ignore it entirely.
<rex xmlns='http://www.w3.org/ns/rex#'
xmlns:svg='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'>
<event target='id("shiny-donkey")' name='DOMNodeRemoved'/>
<event target='/svg:svg/svg:g[5]/svg:a[2]' name='activate'/>
<event target='/svg:svg/svg:g[7]' name='DOMNodeInserted' position='9'>
<svg:rect x='9' y='42' width='432' height='217' fill='red'/>
</event>
<event target='id("dahut")' name='DOMNodeRemoved'>
<svg:circle cx='19' cy='17' r='42' fill='orange'/>
</event>
</rex>ns'
attributeThe 'ns' attribute defines the namespace that applies to DOM event names within the scope of the element on which it occurs. For any given DOM event name, if there is no 'ns' attribute on any of its ancestor elements, that event name's URI component is the empty string. Otherwise, it will have the namespace component corresponding to the first 'ns' attribute found on its ancestor elements in reverse document order. The content of the 'ns' attribute is either an IRI or the empty string. If the empty string then event names in its applicable scope will have no namespace URI component.
If the 'ns' attribute contains a non-empty string, then it SHOULD be a valid IRI. However, given the complexity involved in checking IRI validity it is not RECOMMENDED that user-agents validate them. If however IRI validation is performed and the IRI value of the 'ns' attribute is found to be false, then the entire subtree inclusive of the element on which the 'ns' attribute occurs MUST be ignored.
Attribute ns
<define name='ns'> <optional> <attribute name='ns'> <choice> <data type='anyURI'/> <empty/> </choice> </attribute> </optional> </define>
<event> elementThe <event> element is used to encode any kind of event that may be captured in REX. While the 'name' and 'target' attributes MUST always be specified, the rest of its content model depends on the event that it captures. Each <event> element MUST produce at least one corresponding DOM event (and on some occasions a modification of the DOM tree) unless it is ignored according to a part of this specification.
Element event
<define name='event'> <element name='event'> <ref name='ns'/> <attribute name='target'> <text/> </attribute> <attribute name='name'> <data type='NMTOKEN'/> </attribute> <ref name='timeStamp.AT'/> <ref name='timeRef.AT'/> <choice> <ref name='DOMNodeInserted'/> <ref name='DOMNodeRemoved'/> <ref name='DOMAttrModified'/> <ref name='DOMCharacterDataModified'/> </choice> </element> </define>
Target nodes are referenced using a subset of XPath [XPATH] that corresponds to the level of expressivity that meets most needs while at the same time remaining easy to implement. There is never a need to resolve a relative path as they are always anchored either at the root (absolute paths) or at an element ID.
Target paths MUST be processed as follows, even if internal details of implementation differ. The result of evaluating the target path against the target document is a node-set, ordered according to the axes used in the target path, as per XPath. Note however that the limited set of axes available in this subset will always cause the node-set to be in document order unless a superset of the minimal syntax is used.
If the size of the node-set is superior to one, only the first item in that node-set MUST be considered for processing, and the rest MUST be discarded.
If the size of the node-set is zero, the event MUST be ignored and thus nothing happens.
The set of namespace declarations made available to the target path are those in scope
on the element on which the target path occurs; this includes the implicit declaration
of the prefix xml required by Namespaces in XML [XMLNS]; the default namespace
(as declared by xmlns) is not part of this set.
The syntax for target paths is a very simple subset of XPath described by the following
syntax, in which the Name token is taken from the XML specification [XML]
and the NCName token is from the Namespaces in XML specification [XMLNS].
EBNF for target paths
FullPath ::= RPath | Root | IDPath
SubPath ::= Step* FullTest
RPath ::= '/' SubPath
Root ::= '/'
IDPath ::= 'id(' NCNameStr ')' RPath?
Step ::= StepTest '/'
StepTest ::= Name ('[' Num ']')?
FullTest ::= (Name | 'text()') ('[' Num ']')?
NCNameStr ::= "'" NCName "'" | '"' NCName '"'
Num ::= [0-9]+
User-agents MAY support a superset of this syntax so long as it is a valid instance of the XPath language [XPATH]. Content producers however SHOULD NOT use such extensions as they hamper interoperability.
The subset of XPath normatively defined in the above grammar can be summarised by a
few general ideas. Target paths may only begin at the root or with an id()
function. The id() function itself is limited to a single string argument,
which in turn must contain exactly one identifier (as opposed to a white space separated
list in XPath). Only abbreviated axes are supported in the syntax. Following the
beginning of the path may be a list of steps, making use only of the child
axis, and only element name tests. The final step in the list is more
powerful and may also reference text nodes. For each step a predicate may
be used, which is limited to only containing an integer indicating position.
Some examples of target paths include:
/svg:svg will match the root svg element, in the namespace
that has been bound to the 'svg' prefix.
/lodges/donkey[8] will match the eighth donkey element in the
lodges element with no namespace.
/ will match the root node, which is to say the document itself.
/foo/text() will match the first text node that is a child of the
the foo element.
/xhtml:html/xhtml:body/svg:svg[3] will match the third svg
element that is a child of the root body and then html
elements.
id("dahut") will match the element with ID 'dahut'.
id("dahut")/svg:circle will match the first circle element
that is a child of the element with ID 'dahut'.
Note that it is possible using this syntax to produce target paths that will never match
anything (for instance /element[2]). Such constructions simply cause the
event to be ignored.
This section defines how REX messages are processed by user-agents. Its intent is not to prescribe implementation details — the processing MAY be implemented in ways that differ from the steps described below, but if so the effect MUST be exactly equivalent.
It is RECOMMENDED that REX messages be processed in a streaming fashion, so that the user-agent is not required to build a tree representation of the message. This is of particular importance in that a single REX message MAY capture a very long list of individual events over a long period of time, which would cause the resulting tree to consume potentially large amounts of memory.
Events that do not have a time stamp MUST be dispatched in the same order in which they occur in the REX message. If the user-agent supports the Streaming Module then events that have a time stamp MAY be caused to be processed in an order different from the one in which they occur in the REX message, as described below.
Because user-agents are encouraged to process events that do not have a time stamp as soon as possible, a REX message containing a well-formedness error SHOULD still cause previous <event> elements to be fully processed. Upon encountering a well-formedness error, a REX user-agent MUST stop processing immediately such that the remainder of the XML document MUST be ignored and any event scheduled to be dispatched at a later time due to its time stamp MUST be discarded. If the well-formedness error is contained inside an <event> element, the corresponding event MUST also be ignored.
As soon as an <event> element is parsed, and provided that it is not ignored according to this specification, the following steps take place:
Event object (as defined in DOM 3 Events [DOM3EV]) MUST be created as defined
in the Mapping event elements to Event objects
section below. Note that in some cases, multiple Event objects may be created
by a single <event> element (e.g. for the
'DOMNodeRemoved'
event).
As soon as an <event> element has been processed, the implementation MAY discard it from memory so as to consume fewer resources.
There is no requirement on the user-agent to support a DOM interface in order to still implement events received through REX messages. For instance, specifications such as SMIL [SMIL2] or XML Events [XMLEV] may be handling events received through REX messages in the absence of a DOM representation of the document tree.
Note that given the presence of time stamps, it is possible for content to require of the user-agent that it queue up a potentially unlimited number of events, which may lead to exhausting available memory. In order to avoid this, servers SHOULD arrange to deliver events in a sequence that minimises memory requirements for user-agents. Also, user-agents MAY process events earlier than indicated if not doing so would result in exhausting memory resources. If doing so, then user-agents MUST process these events in the order in which the timing would have required that they process them.
<event> elements to Event objectsIn processing <event> elements and converting them into Event objects, the user-agent MUST inform the various fields of the object in the following manner:
When the event type is recognised by the processor, it needs to create an object of the appropriate subclass of Event. The precise details of doing so are defined in the sections that handle mappings of specific event types. In this specification there is only one such section, Encoding Mutation Events.
The are two types of unknown events:
mousemove
event on a device that has no pointer device cursor).
When encountering an unknown even, a user-agent MUST ignore the entire <event> element and all its descendants.
Note that we could make this extensible, but it would require adding a bunch of attributes (bubbles, cancellable, etc.) so that unknown events could be processed. This should be done in the next version.
There is almost always a mismatch between the information that an XML document is able to capture and the information that an in-memory representation of the same document is able to expose. In some cases, this mismatch is strong enough that some major XML constructs such as processing instructions or comments cannot be represented. This section defines how a user-agent is to handle node types that it is unable to produce a representation of.
It should be noted that there is no requirement that a node type captured in a REX message have a corresponding object or interface in the DOM variant used by the user-agent. For instance, the SVG 1.2 MicroDOM [SVGT12] has no interface to represent text nodes but it is nevertheless able to store text content and even mixed content. Therefore a user-agent using the MicroDOM will be able to process text nodes that it receives from REX messages.
The are two situations in which unsupported node types may be encountered:
If the target path requires support for a node type that is not supported by the implementation, then the user-agent MUST ignore the entire <event> element and all of its descendants.
If the payload of the <event> element contains node types that are not supported
by the user-agent's DOM implementation the payload MUST be modified so that nodes
that have no usable representation in the user-agent's DOM implementation are removed.
For instance, given an SVG Tiny 1.2 MicroDOM [SVGT12], processing instructions would be
removed as they can have no known impact or representation in the tree, but text nodes
would not: they may not have an object type corresponding to them but they are still
accessible through the textContent interface. If removing these nodes
from the payload causes the payload to become empty, then the entire <event>
element MUST be ignored since no useful Event object could be derived from it.
In order for REX to be extensible, it is necessary to define a strict extensibility model that allows future versions to introduce new constructs into messages that will still be understood to the best of their abilities by older user-agents.
A REX message that is intended to be understood if and only if the user-agent supports a minimal version of the REX specification MUST set the 'minimal-version' attribute correspondingly. A user-agent that does not support the required version MUST then discard the entire message. Otherwise, it MUST apply the following forward-compatibility rules.
There are three categories of unknown elements:
Outside of <event> payloads, when encountering an unknown element a user-agent MUST ignore it together with all of its attributes and descendant nodes.
Inside <event> payloads, all elements whether they are in the REX namespace or not are considered to constitute the content of that event, and MUST be processed as if they were in a foreign namespace. REX elements in event payloads MUST NOT be processed as REX elements.
There are two types of unknown attributes that MAY occur on REX elements:
When encountering an unknown attribute, a user-agent MUST process the corresponding element as if the attribute had not been specified at all.
Likewise, if a known attribute with an invalid value is encountered, it MUST be ignored as if it had not been specified.
Some of the events that can be captured in REX messages will cause the DOM tree that they target to be modified. In addition to the specific error handling specified in the respective event definitions, the following rules apply:
For every part of this specification for which a given event or element is said to be ignored, a user-agent MUST skip it as if it had not at all occurred within the REX message (and if the entire REX message is ignored, as if it had never been received at all). The user SHOULD NOT be informed of such occurrences.
However if instead of a user-agent the REX processor is a content checker, then each given occurrence of an item that is said to be ignored MUST be considered to be an error. Such errors MUST be reported to the user of the content checker. More information is available on classes of REX processors in the Conformance section.
This chapter of the specification contains aspects of REX that are only useful within streaming environments in which features such as timing, synchronisation, or tune-in are relevant. As such, it is optional for implementations not intended to operate in such environments, and constitutes a separate conformance level.
The reference event is an event, of any type, that is defined to serve
as the reference point for time stamps on events following this one.
Any <event> element that has a
'timeRef'
attribute set to anchor becomes a reference event. All
events that follow it in the stream and have a time stamp have that time
stamp defined as an offset from when the reference event became active.
If an <event> element has both a
'timeStamp'
attribute
and a
'timeRef'
attribute set to anchor, then the
'timeStamp'
attribute MUST be ignored, and the event processed
as if it hadn't been specified.
When no reference event has yet been seen, the time from which time stamps are offset defaults to the beginning of the session.
timeRef'
attribute
The
'timeRef'
attribute is used to mark an event as a
reference event for the timing for time
stamps. It has two values, anchor and implicit.
When set to anchor, the corresponding event MUST be used as
a reference event, as defined above. When set to implicit
the behaviour of the <event> element is untouched. The absence of
this attribute is equivalent to it being set to implicit.
Attribute timeRef
<define name='timeRef.AT' combine='interleave'> <optional> <attribute name='timeRef'> <choice> <value>implicit</value> <value>anchor</value> </choice> </attribute> </optional> </define>
timeStamp'
attributeThe 'timeStamp' attribute contains a non-negative integer which defines the time in ticks relative to the current reference event at which the event is to be triggered. A tick is defined against the synchronisation clock, which defaults to making a tick last exactly one millisecond, but MAY be set to another value in a user-agent dependent manner (e.g. because the user-agent is synchronising with an audio or video stream that has a different time, or because the user has requested that time run slower or faster).
Attribute timeStamp
<define name='timeStamp.AT'> <optional> <attribute name='timeStamp'> <data type='nonNegativeInteger'/> </attribute> </optional> </define>
In continuous streaming and broadcast scenarios it is important that a user-agent be able to tune into a stream at an arbitrary moment and nevertheless be able to start using it as early as possible. This requires three distinct but related pieces of functionality:
The above functionality is obtained through the use of two attributes on the <rex> element, 'seq' and 'target' :
Attributes seq and target
<define name='rex.AT' combine='interleave'> <optional> <attribute name='seq'> <data type='integer'/> </attribute> </optional> <optional> <attribute name='target'> <data type='integer'/> </attribute> </optional> </define>
This functionality can be used as follows. A message containing enough of the document for tune-in would be transmitted with a 'seq' and no 'target' :
<rex xmlns='http://www.w3.org/ns/rex#' seq='1'> <event target='/' name='DOMNodeInserted'> <svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'> <!-- more content --> </svg> </event> </rex>
The above can be processed immediately, whether or not the user-agent has received previous messages in the stream or not. The following one on the other hand is a message that is only relevant if the user-agent has already received the previous message. If it hasn't, then it will ignore it.
<rex xmlns='http://www.w3.org/ns/rex#' seq='2' target='1'>
<event target='id("dahut")' name='DOMAttrModified' attrName='fill' newValue='red'/>
</rex>Therefore, in a broadcast or multicast environment one may see sequences of events similar to the following:
In the above, if a user-agent starts receiving the stream of REX messages from
the first seq=3, it will ignore all the following ones until it
receives seq=4 which provides it with sufficient context to
display something.
All mutations events are in no namespace. Only the following events are supported by this specification: 'DOMNodeInserted' , 'DOMNodeRemoved' , 'DOMAttrModified' , and 'DOMCharacterDataModified' .
Mutation events are specific in REX processing in that they cause the DOM tree to be modified. When a user-agent processes a mutation event received in a REX message, in addition to dispatching the event it MUST also modify the tree (either before or after the event, as specified depending on the event type) according to the event type.
In processing an <event> element that captures a mutation event, the user-agent MUST produce a MutationEvent object, and MUST inform the fields of the object in the following manner:
DOMSubtreeModified'
eventThe DOMSubtreeModified is not supported. Implementations SHOULD process it as an unknown event.
DOMNodeInserted'
eventThe DOMNodeInserted indicates that a node has been inserted into the DOM tree. The inserted node MUST be either of an element, a text node, a comment, or a processing instruction. The target path is used to specify the parent of the node that is to be inserted, and MUST point either to an element or to the document root. If the element that it points to does not exist then the event MUST be ignored.
If there is more than one child node in the payload, they MUST be inserted one after the other in document order, as if a DOM DocumentFragment were being inserted. Each of them in turn MUST produce a DOMNodeInserted event as if they had been transmitted in separate <event> elements, and the 'position' MUST be incremented by one for each.
Note that as specified in DOM 3 Events [DOM3EV] this event MUST be dispatched after the node has been inserted.
When this event is transmitted, the <event> element MUST allow arbitrary XML as its content. This is not specified in the schema fragment below but left to compounding schemata (e.g. using NVDL) to define.
DOMNodeInserted
<define name='DOMNodeInserted'> <optional> <attribute name='position'> <data type='integer'/> </attribute> </optional> </define>
parent.childNodes.item(position)
would return the first node of the payload. If position is not specified, or if the specified
value is higher than the number of item or lower than zero then the nodes MUST be inserted
at the end of the list of child nodes.
Please note that the payload of 'DOMNodeInserted' events MUST NOT be normalised prior to insertion and therefore that indentation, if undesirable in the targeted result, has to be absent from the event payload as well. For instance, given the following target tree:
<document>
...
<section xml:id='poodle-mania'>
<title></title>
...
</section>
...
</document>And given the following 'DOMNodeInserted' event:
<rex xmlns='http://www.w3.org/ns/rex#'>
<event target='id("poodle-mania")/title' name='DOMNodeInserted'>
Poodles are for maniacs!
</event>
</rex>Will produce the following result:
<document>
...
<section xml:id='poodle-mania'>
<title>
Poodles are for maniacs!
</title>
...
</section>
...
</document>And not what some may have expected:
<document>
...
<section xml:id='poodle-mania'>
<title>Poodles are for maniacs!</title>
...
</section>
...
</document>In order to obtain the above, the white space before and after "Poodles are for maniacs!" would have had to be removed.
DOMNodeRemoved'
eventThe DOMNodeRemoved event indicates that a node has been removed from the DOM tree. The target path MUST point to either an element, a text node, a comment, or a processing instruction. If it points to an attribute the event MUST be ignored. If the node pointed to by the target path does not exist, then the event MUST be ignored.
If the <event> element capturing this has a payload as defined in the 'DOMNodeInserted' event, then a second event MUST be created and dispatched immediately after this event (if the target path resolved to a node-set containing more than one item, then each generated event immediately follows the one dispatched on a given node).
The following parameters MUST be set for the generated event. It is of type
'DOMNodeInserted'
. Its target node is the parent of the one pointed to
by the current
'DOMNodeRemoved'
event, unless the latter was pointing
to the root node (using '/') in which case the generated event
also points to the root node. Its
'position'
is
that of the removed node within its siblings, in document order. Its payload
is set to be that of the current event.
Note that the above processing is compatible with that of DOM 3 Core [DOM3] Node.replaceChild() but more powerful since it can also operate on the document itself.
Note that as specified in DOM 3 Events [DOM3EV] this event MUST be dispatched before the node is removed.
The event adds no attribute to the <event> element. When this event is transmitted, the <event> element MUST allow arbitrary XML as its content. This is not specified in the schema fragment below but left to compounding schemata (e.g. using NVDL) to define.
DOMNodeRemoved
<define name='DOMNodeRemoved'> <empty/> </define>
DOMNodeRemovedFromDocument'
eventThe DOMNodeRemovedFromDocument is not supported. Implementations SHOULD process it as an unknown event. It is nevertheless dispatched after a DOMNodeRemoved event as described in DOM 3 Events [DOM3EV].
DOMNodeInsertedIntoDocument'
eventThe DOMNodeInsertedIntoDocument is not supported. Implementations SHOULD process it as an unknown event. It is nevertheless dispatched after a DOMNodeInserted event as described in DOM 3 Events [DOM3EV].
DOMAttrModified'
eventThe DOMAttrModified event indicates that an attribute has been modified, added, or removed.
When representing a 'DOMAttrModified' event, the <event> element's 'target' attribute MUST point to an element node. That element node is the one on which the attribute pointed to by 'attrName' is to be modified, added, or removed.
If the
'attrChange'
attribute is set to removal
then the attribute pointed to by the target path and
'attrName'
attribute MUST exists, and if it does not the event MUST be ignored. If however it is set to
modification or addition then there are two possible options:
modification;
addition;
Note that as specified in DOM 3 Events [DOM3EV] this event MUST be dispatched after the node has been modified.
The following attributes are added to the <event> element.
DOMAttrModified
<define name='DOMAttrModified'> <group> <attribute name='attrName'> <text/> </attribute> <optional> <attribute name='attrChange'> <choice> <value>modification</value> <value>addition</value> <value>removal</value> </choice> </attribute> </optional> <optional> <attribute name='newValue'> <text/> </attribute> </optional> </group> </define>
null.
If it does have a prefix, then its namespace URI component MUST be that corresponding
to that prefix in the namespace declarations in scope for the <event> element
being processed; inclusive of the implicit declaration of the prefix xml
required by Namespaces in XML [XMLNS] and exclusive of the default namespace. If the
QName is not namespace well-formed [XMLNS] either because the prefix cannot be resolved
to a namespace declaration in the current scope, or because it is syntactically
invalid, then the entire event MUST be ignored. This attribute is required.
modification,
addition, or removal. The default value is modification.
Note that the distinction between addition and modification is
largely for documentation purposes as the user-agent changes one into the other depending
on the presence or not of the attribute.
modification, then the
'newValue'
attribute MUST be present, and the value of the target attribute MUST be changed to be
that contained in
'newValue'
. If
'newValue'
is not specified, the event MUST be ignored. If the target attribute does not exist, the event
MUST be processed as if
'attrChange'
had had a value of addition.
addition, then the
'newValue'
attribute MUST be present, and the value of the target attribute MUST be created with
a value being that contained in
'newValue'
. If
'newValue'
is not specified, the event MUST be ignored.
If the target attribute already exists, the event MUST be processed as
if
'attrChange'
had had a value of modification.
removal, then the target attribute MUST be removed. If the
target attribute is not present, then the event MUST be ignored. If
'newValue'
is
specified then it MUST be ignored.
DOMCharacterDataModified'
eventThe DOMCharacterDataModified event indicates that character data has been modified, where that character data can be either a text node, a comment node, or the data of a processing instruction node. When representing a 'DOMCharacterDataModified' event, the <event> element's 'target' attribute MUST therefore point to a text node, a comment node, or a processing instruction node. If the node pointed to by the target path does not exist then the event MUST be ignored.
Note that as specified in DOM 3 Events [DOM3EV] this event MUST be dispatched after the node has been modified.
DOMCharacterDataModified
<define name='DOMCharacterDataModified'> <attribute name='newValue'> <text/> </attribute> </define>
Neither of the mutation name events (DOMElementNameChanged and DOMAttributeNameChanged) is supported. Implementation SHOULD process them as unknown events.
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119].
Unless otherwise specified immediately following the header, all sections in this document — to the exclusion of examples which are all informative — are normative.
The parsing of attribute values MUST be performed as follows:
Things currently missing from this section:
GP1. Classes of products: content, content producers, user-agents. For UAs, two levels: one with a DOM (indicate variations) and one without.
GP3. Not sure exactly how to best do this. Could be useful, need to ask for input.
GP4. Do this as soon as test are being written.
GP5. Delayed until GP3 & GP4 are done.
GP7. Not sure if this is examples or if it's test suite. If former done, if latter starting right after FPWD.
Req3. See GP1.
GP8. Once the text is a little bit more stable, go through the list of bibrefs and check to see which ones are good.
Req5. Implement proper <dfn> support, and based on that do exactly this.
Req6. Do this as part of GP1.
GP9. Do this with Req5.
GP10. Left for later check (at FPWD time I would expect).
GP12. Testable assertions will need further checking. Do this as part of the post FPWD work on testing.
GP19. Add some text in the section on extensibility to make sure implementers understand how not to get extensibility wrong.
This section is informative.
This table is derived from the checklist of all defined requirements and good practices from the QA Framework: Specification Guidelines [QAF-SPEC]. For each requirement and good practice, the table links to the part of the REX specification that satisfies the requirement or best practice, except where the entry corresponds to many parts of the specification, or even the specification as a whole.
There are two features for which optionality is to be found:
This section is informative.
The editor would like to thank Dave Raggett for his excellent input and comments. This specification is a collective work that derives from other solutions in the domain. Notable amongst its initial influences are an input document from Nokia the ideas from which were incorporated into this specification, XUpdate which has been a major de facto solution since the year 2000 and was influential in REX's technical design, and the XUP W3C Member Submission (now OpenXUP) from which much inspiration was drawn.
The IETF WiDeX Working Group has been a pleasure to collaborate with and has provided a substantial amount of input, much of which has made its way directly into this specification. Many thanks are also due to the MWI and XML Core WG for their excellent comments and suggestions. Takanari Hayama designed the tune-in part of the specification.
Many thanks to Karl Dubost and the QA WG for their very helpful review.
The following individuals, in no particular order, have provided valuable comments that have helped shape REX: Ola Andersson, Stéphane Bortzmeyer, Gerd Castan, John Cowan, Elliotte Rusty Harold, Takanari Hayama, Ian Hickson, Björn Hörhmann, Philippe Le Hégaret, Paul Libbrecht, Chris Lilley, Cameron McCormack, David Rivron, Elin Röös, Dave Singer, Maciej Stachowiak, Ruud Steltenpool, and Jin Yu.
application/rex+xml
This appendix registers a new MIME media type, "application/rex+xml"
in conformance with
RegMedia and
W3CRegMedia.
application/rex+xmlNone
The encoding of a REX document MUST be determined by the XML encoding declaration. This has identical semantics to the application/xml media type in the case where the charset parameter is omitted, as specified in RFC 3023 [RFC3023] sections 8.9, 8.10 and 8.11.
As with other XML types and as noted in RFC 3023 [RFC3023] section 10, repeated expansion of maliciously constructed XML entities can be used to consume large amounts of memory, which may cause XML processors in some environments to fail.
REX documents may be transmitted in compressed form using gzip compression. For systems which employ MIME-like mechanisms, such as HTTP, this is indicated by the Content-Encoding header; for systems which do not, such as direct file system access, this is indicated by the file name extension or file metadata. In addition, gzip compressed content is readily recognised by the initial byte sequence as described in RFC 1952 [RFC1952] section 2.3.1.
It must be noted that REX events MAY be used to modify the document that they target, and in fact that is the primary functionality that they expose in version 1.0. Such modifications may cause security issues with the processor of the target document, but those issues are outside the scope of this registration document.
In addition, because of the extensibility features for REX and of XML in
general, it is possible that "application/rex+xml" may describe
content that has security implications beyond those described here. However,
if the processor follows only the normative semantics of this specification,
this content will be outside the REX namespace and MUST be ignored. Only in
the case where the processor recognises and processes the additional content,
or where further processing of that content is dispatched to other processors,
would security issues potentially arise. And in that case, they would fall
outside the domain of this registration document.
This specification describes processing semantics that dictate behaviour that must be followed when dealing with, among other things, unrecognised elements, events, and attributes, both in the REX and XML Events namespaces and in other namespaces.
Because REX is extensible, conformant "application/rex+xml"
processors MUST expect that content received is well-formed XML, but it
cannot be guaranteed that the content is valid to a particular grammar,
or that the processor will recognise all of the elements and attributes
in the document — in fact it will likely not recognise the payload. Rules
are defined so that such extended documents are guaranteed to be processed
in an interoperable manner.
REX has a published Test Suite and associated implementation report showing which implementations passed which tests at the time of the report. This information is periodically updated as new tests are added or as implementations improve.
This media type registration is extracted from Appendix A of the REX 1.0 specification.
This section is informative.
This sections lists the changes that were made to this specification since it was last published. Many thanks too all those who have provided feedback.
namespaceURI is defined to be
its URI equivalent (John Cowan).