Guideline 3.1 "meaning"

On this page: About Team B, To dos, Planning and Progress

About Team B

A task force of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines Working Group (WCAG WG)
- End-to-end Task Forces of WCAG WG Work Statements
Team B task force facilitators: John Slatin and Wendy Chisholm.
Participants: Roberto Ellero, Don Evans, Bengt Farre, Becky Gibson, Loretta Guarino Reid, Yvette Hoitink, Luca Mascaro, Jens Meiert, Roberto Scano, Lisa Seeman, Diane Stottlemyer.
Mailing list: public-wcag-teamb@w3.org (archives)
Wiki, Templates and document architecture
Weekly team meetings:
- Wednesdays 15:00 - 16:00 UTC / 8 am PDT / 11:00 AM EDT /5:00 PM CEST / 6:00 PM Jerusalem.
- Phone: +1.617.761.6200, conference 92248 ("WCAGT").
- IRC: server: irc.w3.org:6665, channel: #wcag-teamb
Weekly WCAG WG meetings

To dos

Generate guides for each SC that include intent, keywords (propose definitions where needed), and sufficient techniques using the Templates and document architecture. Refer to the example Guide for Guideline 1.1 L1 SC1
Issue summary and proposals
- 28 bugzilla issues, 11 of which are related to examples and benefits which should be addressed by guide document work.
- from punchlist
  - L2 SC1: resolved: accept new wording and move SC "A mechanism is available for finding definitions for all words in text content." to L3 with comment that techniques are needed. Additional work needed:
    - reminder to include in guidedoc that there is some flexibility for word variations created in a systematic way.
    - need some tech. specific examples in order to better understand
  - Action item to research a language-specific extention possibility to address pronunciation issues (we did not accept proposed wording "A mechanism is available for finding the correct pronunciation of any word whose pronunciation cannot be determined from context." based on the assumption that we will create a testable criterion to address language specific issues.
Determine if additional Guide document content and General Techniques needs to be written, write
For each existing HTML, CSS, and Scripting Technique, determine if it is: sufficient, if not what needs to be added. determine if the test is appropriate, otherwise recommend fix. Note: we determined that scripting techniques were not sufficient or likely for this guideline. Therefore, we are not following up on scripting techniques listed during the harvest. There are no current scripting techniques associated with this guideline.

Planning and progress

L1SC1, L2SC1, L3SC1, L3SC2, L3SC3, L3SC4, L3SC5

L1 SC1 - Lisa, Wendy, Yvette

3.1 L1 SC1: The primary natural language or languages of the delivery unit can be programmatically determined.
"atom"	next actions	test(s)
Success Criterion	Lisa and Wendy check issues list to determine if any issues directly related to this criterion, propose solutions if possible	n/a
Guide to Guideline 3.1 Level 1 Success Criterion 1	Lisa and Wendy check for accuracy, propose edits, add links to i18n materials where possible/appropriate.	n/a
General Technique: Identifying primary natural languages	Lisa and Wendy check for accuracy, propose edits	n/a
General Technique: Identifying national or regional language variants	Lisa and Wendy check for accuracy, propose edits	n/a
HTML Technique 4.1: Identifying the primary language (sufficient techniques)	Discussion from Yvette's proposal seems to have come to a resolution.discussed at 14 Sept 2005 telecon Becky took action to write up the 3 sufficient techniques. john will determine if can use comma-separate list in xml:lang (can't in XML 1.0, but possible can in XML 1.1) @@finished? technique should reference ISO 639 (mentioned in General Techniques). Add "Grade 2 braille contractions" to glossary	Content has required lang attribute(s). Content has valid language code.
Identifying language - advisory techniques	Someone needs to write up the advisory techniques (meta and http), unless we want to link to i18n information. [new] using meta name="dc:language" to specify language -not support to make sufficient. add it to our "optional techniques/someday pile" bugzilla bug (21 Sept 2005 telecon)	is it a high priority to develop tests for advisory techniques?
HTML Technique: text direction	[new] Plenty of I18N bidi references, perhaps just reference rather than generate new technique. [new] Techniques for Bidirectional text, I18N "rules" Roberto - propose technique that incorporates comments on bidi proposals (14 Sept 2004 telecon) @@has he done yet?	develop
CSS Technique 5.1: Specifying the direction of text	Lisa and Wendy check accuracy of technique or better to reference I18N technique? Diane? develop a test for this technique or pull from css test suite or I18N materials?	develop

L2 SC1 - Wendy, Lisa

3.1 L2 SC1: The natural language of each foreign passage or phrase in the content can be programmatically determined.
"atom"	next actions	test(s)
Success Criterion	Lisa and Wendy check issues list to determine if any issues directly related to this criterion, propose solutions if possible	n/a
Guide to Guideline 3.1 Level 2 Success Criterion 1	Lisa and Wendy check for accuracy, propose edits, add links to i18n materials where possible/appropriate. Link to HTML Technique 4.2	n/a
General Technique: Identifying languages	Lisa and Wendy check for accuracy, propose edits.	needs to be developed? human testable tests (e.g., human picking out when there is a change in language)
General Technique: Identifying national or regional language variants	Lisa and Wendy check for accuracy, propose edits	n/a
HTML Technique 4.1 Identifying the primary language	Should we be linking to this as well as 4.2?
HTML Technique 4.2: Identifying changes in language (not currently linked from Guide)	Lisa and Wendy Modify tests to be appropriate to this criterion (e.g., div/span) check accuracy of technique, propose edits update resource link to language tagging in HTML and XML - it has been superceded by Language tags in HTML and XML@@ref from Becky Roberto's comments - questioning the SC wording? or just the technique? John's response indicates that perhaps this is a clarification that needs to be made in the Guide (in "intent")? Roberto "how can we guarantee that people understand the meaning of a word if this word is not spelled correctly?" Bengt "spelling vs pronunciation?"	Content has required lang attribute(s). Content has valid language code. Update for this criterion
CSS Technique 5.1: Specifying the direction of text	Wendy and Lisa discuss: This technique was written for Level 1 criterion, adopt for this criterion or just link to?	develop
Other: metadata technique to identify primary and secondary languages used in perceivable unit	Lisa write technique and tests	develop
Tech-specific advisory techniques: Make foreign passages or phrases visually different from other text in the delivery unit. Give the names of any languages used in foreign passages or phrases.

L3 SC1 - Lisa, Wendy, Bengt

3.1 L3 SC1: A mechanism is available for finding definitions for all words in text content.
"atom"	next actions	test(s)
Success Criterion Ednote: Further work on this criterion is needed, but techniques are needed first.	Lisa and Wendy check issues list to determine if any issues directly related to this criterion, propose solutions if possible Need definition of text content "available" and "mechanism" defined in guide but not in WCAG glossary	n/a
Guide to Guideline 3.1 Level 3 Success Criterion 1	check accuracy, completeness, edit Lisa and Bengt - generate list of references related to concept coding and metadata techniques to include in the Guide document resources	n/a
General Technique: Using inline definitions	Currently not in L3SC1, only in L3SC2. Also want here?
General Technique: Using a dictionary search form	check accuracy, completeness, edit	n/a
General Technique: Cascading dictionaries	check accuracy, completeness, edit	n/a
Possible general techniques: Provide definitions via bubble help Provide hyperlinks to relevant online dictionaries	develop?
HTML Technique 1.4: Glossary	Needs a code example. Linking to glossary does not satisfy SC since doesn't provide info for all words. Need to reword SC? Link to general info about how to determine which words to include in the glossary
HTML Technique: [new] proposal for definition lists	14 sept - except for slight tweak to task, adopt this technique. @@someone make slight tweak and resubmit (as part of guide doc draft?)
HTML Technique 5.10: Supplemental meaning cues	Not appropriately linked to this SC because it doesn't provide definitions for all words?
Tech-specific advisory techniques: Provide access to a dictionary of Sign for the language of the content, to support users who are Deaf Provide access to a talking dictionary, to support users who might have difficulty decoding written definitions. Provide a voice-enabled dictionary search, so that users who have difficulty typing or spelling can speak the word whose definition they need.

L3SC2 - John, Becky, Yvette

3.1 L3 SC2: A mechanism is available for identifying specific definitions of words used in an unusual or restricted way, including idioms and jargon.
"atom"	next actions	test(s)
Success Criterion	Need definition of text content "available," "intended definition" and "mechanism" defined in guide but not in WCAG glossary Some support to drop work "unusual", objections to dropping.	n/a
Guide to Guideline 3.1 Level 3 Success Criterion 2	John - review accuracy and completeness, proposals for "missing information" (per templates)	n/a
General Technique: Using inline definitions	John - review accuracy and completeness, proposals for "missing information" (per templates)
General Technique: Using a Glossary page	John - review accuracy and completeness, proposals for "missing information" (per templates)
General Technique: Using a dictionary cascade	John - review accuracy and completeness, proposals for "missing information" (per templates)
General Technique: [new] Proposal for Internal linking	action john? write guide for l3sc2, include options for 2 sufficient techniques (from 21 sept 2005 telecon)
HTML Technique 5.10: Supplemental meaning cues	Becky - review accuracy and completeness of HTML techniques, proposals for "missing information" (per templates)
Tech-specific advisory techniques: Use markup and visual formatting to help users recognize words that have special meaning. Provide a voice-enabled dictionary search, so that users who have difficulty typing or spelling can speak the word whose definition they need. Provide a Sign language dictionary to help Deaf users find the necessary definitions
HTML Technique: [new] proposal for definition lists	14 sept - except for slight tweak to task, adopt this technique.
Tech-specific advisory techniques: Use markup and visual formatting to help users recognize words that have special meaning. Provide a voice-enabled dictionary search, so that users who have difficulty typing or spelling can speak the word whose definition they need. Provide a Sign language dictionary to help Deaf users find the necessary definitions

L3SC3 - Becky

3.1 L3 SC3: A mechanism for finding the expanded form of abbreviations is available.
"atom"	next actions	test(s)
Success Criterion [new] Proposed definitions for abbreviation and acronym Issue 295. After much discussion, seem to be resolving on a SC.	Discussion on 14 sept telecon. Becky and John took action to rework the SC and the definitions (acronym and abbreviation). Need definition of text content "available" and "intended definition" defined in guide but not in WCAG glossary 22 sept 2005 telecon, WCAG WG resolved on the following: 3.1 L3 SC3 as A mechanism for finding the expanded form of abbreviations is available. (removed word "acronym" since in defn of abbreviation) abbreviation Shortened form of a word, phrase or name, i.e. a general category that includes abbreviations, initialisms and acronyms. initialism - the shortened form of a name or phrase made from the initial letters of words or syllables contained in that name or phrase. Not defined in all languages. SNCF is a French initialism that contains the initial letters of the Societe National des Chemins de Fer, the French national railroad. ESP is an initialism for extrasensory perception. (removed "unpronounceable" so as not to restrict it too much) acronym - An abbreviation made from the initial letters of a name or phrase that contains several words. Many acronyms can be pronounced as words. Defined differently in different languages. For example, NOAA is an abbreviation made from the initial letters of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in the United States.	n/a
Guide to Guideline 3.1 Level 3 Success Criterion 3	Becky - review accuracy and completeness, proposals for "missing information" (per templates)	n/a
General Technique: Searching an online dictionary of acronyms	[new] Proposals for Using inline expansion, Using a Glossary page, Searching an online dictionary of acronyms, Using a Dictionary Cascade ACTION: becky write guide doc with the 4 sufficient techniques (Using inline expansion OR Using a Glossary page OR Searching an online dictionary of acronyms OR and Using a Dictionary Cascade.) - just choose one (from 21 sept 2005 telecon)
General Techniques from harvest Expanded form presented first time it is used and acronym is presented in parends after - then use acronym in subsequent references Provide search engine to look up
HTML Technique: 5.2: Abbreviations, [new] updated technique (with test)	Becky - propose test
HTML Technique: 5.3: Acronym	Becky - propose test
HTML Technique: 5.10: Supplemental meaning cues	Needs a code examples Becky - propose test
Tech-specific advisory techniques: Use visual formatting to help users recognize acronyms and abbreviations. Provide access to a talking dictionary, to support users who might have difficulty decoding written definitions. Provide a voice-enabled dictionary search, so that users who have difficulty typing or spelling can speak the word whose definition they need.

L3SC4 - Loretta, Diane

3.1 L3 SC4: Section titles are descriptive.
"atom"	next actions	test(s)
Success Criterion	"section titles" is defined in Guide but not in WCAG Glossary	n/a
Guide to Guideline 3.1 Level 3 Success Criterion 4	Loretta - review accuracy and completeness, proposals for "missing information" (per templates)	n/a
General Technique: Providing section titles	Loretta - review accuracy and completeness, proposals for "missing information" (per templates)
General Technique: [new] Technology independent techniques (descriptive titles)	From 21 sept 2005 telecon Need definition of "section" ACTION: loretta and diane? - draft guide for l3sc4, propose defn of section, propose examples for each technique to help us better understand, use the 1.1 mock-up to group techs into sufficient and optional
HTML Technique: 3.1 Sections headings (advisory?)		Test 37- The header following an h1 is h1 or h2. Test 38 - The header following an h2 is h3 or any header less than h3. Test 39 - The header following an h3 is h4 or any header less than h4. Test 40 - The header following an h4 is h5 or any header less than h5. Test 41 - The header following an h5 is h6 or any header less than h3. Test 82 - All p elements are not used as headers.
HTML Technique: 3.2 Header misuse (advisory?)		Test 42 - All h1 elements are not used for formatting. Test 43 - All h2 elements are not used for formatting. Test 44 - All h3 elements are not used for formatting. Test 45 - All h4 elements are not used for formatting. Test 46 - All h5 elements are not used for formatting. Test 47 - All h6 elements are not used for formatting.
HTML Techniques: the test files are mapped here, but most of the techniques map to 2.4 L2SC4 All frames have a title attribute All frame titles are not empty All frame titles do not contain placeholder text All frame titles identify the purpose or function of the frame	Loretta - Determine if the frame tests and techniques should be mapped to this criterion or to 2.4 L2SC4 in most cases	All frames have a title attribute. All frame titles are not empty. All frame titles do not contain placeholder text. All frame titles identify the purpose or function of the frame.
HTML Techniques - other?	Loretta - collect other HTML techniques (headings) and their tests, what about table headings?, keep in mind that we don't require people to provide section titles, but if they do they are descriptive.
HTML Techniques from harvest: How to mark up section titles How to write descriptive titles
Tech-specific advisory techniques: Put the most important words at the beginning of the link or section heading.

L3SC5 - John, Bengt, Lisa

L3 SC5: When text requires reading ability above the lower secondary education level, one or more of the following supplements is available:
"atom"	next actions	test(s)
Success Criterion	Proposal for rewording of criterion, definition of lower secondary education level. "intended audience" and "readability formula" in guide but not in WCAG Glossary Resolutions and actions from 15 sept 2005 telecon SC needs clarification. difficult to understand, "above the lower" s/supplements/types of supplemental content adopt proposed definition of "supplemental content": Additional content that illustrates or clarifies default text content, which users may use instead of or in addition to the default text content. For example, there may be supplements in text, graphics, and audio. resolved: do not include propsed definition of "education level" resolved: accept definition of "Lower secondary education level" as the two- or three-year period of education that begins after completion of six years of school and ends nine years after the beginning of primary education" and include a note about UNESCO. resolved: define "Primary education level" as "the six year time period that begins between the ages of five and seven possibly without any previous education" and include a reference to UNESCO.	n/a
Guide to Guideline 3.1 Level 3 Success Criterion 5 [new] Updated Guide for L3SC5	John and Bengt - reference rdf/metadata techniques in guide. Guide draft looks good. ACTION: john and bengt? work up guide for l3sc5 into template and submit to group (from 21 sept 2005 telecon)	n/a
General Technique: Measuring readability	John and Bengt - review accuracy and completeness of all pieces, proposals for "missing information" (per templates), highest priority - filling out general techniques.
General Technique: Making text easier to read	John and Bengt - review accuracy and completeness of all pieces, proposals for "missing information" (per templates), highest priority - filling out generaltechniques.
General Technique: Providing a summary	John and Bengt - review accuracy and completeness of all pieces, proposals for "missing information" (per templates), highest priority - filling out generaltechniques.
General Technique: "Smartening up, not dumbing down"	John and Bengt - ensure "front loading document" is included in one of the general techniques
General Technique: Using graphics to illustrate complex ideas, events, and processes	John and Bengt - review accuracy and completeness of all pieces, proposals for "missing information" (per templates), highest priority - filling out generaltechniques.
General Technique: Providing a spoken version of text content	John and Bengt - ensure that "spoken version of text not started automatically" included in "providing a spoken version," link to HTML techniques on multimedia (embed, object), or propose new ones,
HTML Tech proposal: [new] Use titles to summarise the content, typo fix	ACTION: wendy to add to our "optional" bug (from 21 sept 2005 telecon)
HTML Tech proposal:[new] Add tags and titles to make text clear	ACTION: wendy to add to our "optional" bug (from 21 sept 2005 telecon)
HTML Tech proposal:[new] Using roles for structure , Using CSS for rolesexample roles Clarification, Supplemental, etc.	ACTION: wendy to add to our "optional" bug (from 21 sept 2005 telecon)
HTML Techniques - other?	John and Bengt - look for or propose tests for HTML techniques. e.g., how to associate graphics with text? (lower priority)
CSS Technique: [new] Techniques to follow structure of a page (CSS)	ACTION: wendy to add to our "optional" bug (from 21 sept 2005 telecon)
Tech-specific advisory techniques: Text on navigational and landing pages requires reading ability no higher than primary education level Text on interior pages requires reading ability below upper secondary education level. Signing versions are available for information, ideas, and processes that must be understood in order to use the content.

$Date: 2005/10/04 22:22:27 $ Wendy Chisholm for Team B end-to-end Task Force (mail archives) of the WCAG WG