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The XHTML Access module defines an element that, when used in conjunction with other XHTML modules, enables a more robust accessibility model than that found in traditional HTML.
This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be found in the W3C technical reports index at http://www.w3.org/TR/.
This document is an internal editors draft for development purposes. However, its content is based upon mature materials from [ XHTML2 ] and is therefore considered relatively mature.
This document has been produced by the W3C HTML Working Group ( Members only ) as part of the HTML Activity . The goals of the HTML Working Group are discussed in the HTML Working Group charter .
This document was produced by a group operating under the 24 January 2002 CPP as amended by the W3C Patent Policy Transition Procedure . W3C maintains a public list of any patent disclosures made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains Essential Claim(s) must disclose the information in accordance with section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy .
Publication as a Working Draft does not imply endorsement by the W3C Membership. This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this document as other than work in progress.
Please report errors in this specification to www-html-editor@w3.org ( archive ). It is inappropriate to send discussion email to this address. Public discussion may take place on www-html@w3.org ( archive ).
This section is informative.
This document contains a single module designed to be used to help extend the scope of XHTML-family markup languages into new environments. It has been developed in conjunction with the W3C's Web Accessibility Initiative and other interested parties. It is designed to provide a generic mechanism for defining the relationship between document components and well-known accessibility taxonomies.
This section is normative .
The keywords "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [ RFC2119 ].
Note that all examples in this document are informative, and are not meant to be interpreted as normative requirements.
XHTML Access is not a stand-alone document type. It is intended to be integrated into other host languages such as XHTML. A conforming XHTML Access document is a document that requires only the facilities described as mandatory in this specification and the facilities described as mandatory in its host language. Such a document must meet all the following criteria:
The document MUST conform to the constraints expressed in Appendix A - Schema Implementation or Appendix B - DTD Implementation , combined with the constraints expressed in its host language implementation.
If
the
host
language
is
not
in
the
XHTML
namespace,
and
the
host
language
does
not
incorporate
these
modules
into
its
own
namespace,
then
the
document
MUST
contain
an
xmlns
declaration
for
the
XHTML
RDFa
namespace
[
XMLNAMES
]
.
The
namespace
for
XHTML
Access
Module
is
defined
to
be
http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml
.
An
example
start
tag
of
a
root
element
might
look
like:
Example
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" >
When XHTML Access is included in a host language, all of the facilities required in this specification MUST be included in the host language. In addition, the elements and attributes defined in this specification MUST be included in the content model of the host language. Finally, XHTML Access requires the availability of the XHTML Role Attribute Module [ XHTMLROLE ] and of the Core Attribute Collection as defined in XHTML Modularization.
A conforming user agent MUST support all of the features required in this specification.
This section is normative .
In
order
to
allow
for
the
scoped
expression
of
targetrole
values,
this
specification
uses
a
superset
of
of
QName
s
that
allows
the
contraction
of
all
URIs
(QNames
have
a
syntactic
restriction
on
the
sorts
of
URI
that
can
be
contracted).
These Compact URIs are called CURIEs here.
A
basic
CURIE
is
comprised
of
two
components,
a
prefix
and
a
reference
.
The
prefix
is
separated
from
the
reference
by
a
colon
(
:
).
curie := [ prefix [ ':' ] ] reference
prefix := NCName
reference := irelative-ref (as defined in [IRI])
The prefix value MUST be defined using the 'xmlns:' syntax specified in [ XMLNAMES ].
If the prefix is omitted from a CURIE, the default value of http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml MUST be used.
A
CURIE
is
a
representation
of
a
full
IRI.
This
IRI
is
obtained
by
concatenating
the
IRI
associated
with
the
prefix
with
the
reference
.
The
result
MUST
be
a
syntactically
valid
IRI
[
IRI
]
.
The CURIE prefix '_' is reserved. For this reason, prefix declarations using '_' SHOULD be avoided by authors.
Host languages MAY define additional constraints on these syntax rules when CURIES are used in the context of those host languages. Host languages MUST NOT relax the CURIE syntax constraints defined in this specification.
This section is normative .
This module defines the access element.
Element | Attributes | Minimal Content Model |
---|---|---|
access | Common , activate , key , targetid , targetrole | EMPTY |
Implementations: XML DTD
access
element
The access element assigns an accessibility mapping to elements within a document. Actuating the mapping results in the element gaining focus or, optionally, in some other event being delivered.
Attributes
activate
=
(
yes
|
no*
)
The activate attribute indicates whether a target element should be activated or not once it obtains focus. The default value for this attribute is "no", indicating that the element will not be "activated".
key
=
Character
This attribute assigns a key mapping to an access shortcut. An access key is a single character from the document character set. Note: Authors should consider the input method of the expected reader when specifying an accesskey.
Triggering an access key defined in an access element changes focus to the next element in navigation order from the current focus that has one of the the referenced role or id values. Note that it is possible to deliver alternate events via [ XMLEVENTS ]. It is also possible to have the target element activated through the use of the activate attribute. Also, it is possible to associate additional event handlers with target which might then perform additional actions once focus is changed.
If
neither
a
targetrole
nor
a
targetid
attribute
are
specified,
the
user
agent
MUST
NOT
define
a
mapping
nor
deliver
any
events.
An
access
element
must
have
either
a
targetrole
or
a
targetid
attribute
specified.
The invocation of access keys depends on the implementation. For instance, on some systems one may have to press the "alt" key in addition to the access key. On other systems, one generally has to press the "cmd" key in addition to the access key.
The rendering of access keys depends on the user agent. We recommend that authors include the access key in label text or wherever the access key is to apply. User agents should render the value of an access key in such a way as to emphasize its role and to distinguish it from other characters (e.g., by underlining it).
The character assigned to a key, and its relationship to a role or id attribute, are a suggestion of the author. User agents may provide mechanisms for overriding, disabling, or re-assigning keys. In such user agents, user-specified assignments must take precendence. If no key attribute is specified, the user agent SHOULD assign a key.
targetid
=
IDREF
The targetid attribute specifies an IDREF of the target element for the associated event (i.e., the node to which the event should be delivered).
targetrole
=
basic-curie
The
targetrole
attribute
specifies
space
separated
list
if
basic-curie
that
maps
to
an
element
with
a
role
attribute
with
the
same
value.
If
no
key
attribute
is
specified,
the
user
agent
may
assign
an
appropriate
device
mapping.
If a targetid and a targetrole are both specified for an element, the targetid attribute value must take precedence.
Access element that focuses into a field
<access key="s" title="Social Security Number" targetrole="ss:number" />
Accessing a table of contents
<access key="c" title="Table of Contents" targetrole="toc" />
Access that moves to the main content
<access key="m" title="Main content" targetrole="main" />
Access element that goes to a specific element
<access key="u" title="Username" targetid="username" />
Access element with no specific key mapping
<access title="Navigation bar" targetrole="navigation" />
This appendix is normative .
The schema implementation of XHTML Access Module conforms to the requirements defined in [ XHTMLSCHEMAMOD ].
Module SCHEMA/xhtml-access-1.xsd not found!
This appendix is normative .
The DTD implementation of XHTML Access Module conforms to the requirements defined in [ XHTMLMOD ]. Consequently, it provides a Qualified Names sub-module, and a module file for the XHTML Access Module module defined in this specification.
Module DTD/xhtml-access-qname-1.mod not found!
Module DTD/xhtml-hyperAttributes-1.mod not found!
This appendix is informative .
This appendix includes an example of a markup language created using the modules in this specification, coupled with other modules from [ XHTMLMOD ]. The resulting markup language, "xhtml-access" is provided solely as an example, and does not represent an intended direction in terms of a formal markup language from the W3C.
The following sample demonstrates some simple uses of the access element within an xhtml-access document.
Module DTD/examples/sample.xml not found!
The actual markup language is created by combining the basics of XHTML 1.1 and the modules in this specification. This is done by using a content model module, and then a driver module:
Module DTD/examples/xhtml-access-model-1.mod not found!
Module DTD/examples/xhtml-access-1.dtd not found!
This appendix is normative .
This section is informative.
At the time of publication, the participants in the W3C HTML Working Group were: