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"For meta elements in the Encoding declaration state, the content attribute must have a value that is an ASCII case-insensitive match for a string that consists of the literal string "text/html;", optionally followed by any number of space characters, followed by the literal string "charset=", ..." Is there a good reason why the "charset" part isn't allowed to be uppercase?
You're misreading it. I've added a colon to make it clearer.