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We should provide a warning that using character maps (or disable-output-escaping) on an output document that is being validated against a schema is fundamentally unsound; in such a case the fact that the result tree is valid (or invalid) does not prove that the serialized output will be valid (or invalid).
On 10 July 2008 the editor was asked to draft a (non-normative) note for this
Proposal: (1) add the following Note at the end of 20.1 Note: When character maps are used, there is no guarantee that the serialized output will be well-formed XML (or HTML). Furthermore, the fact that the result tree was validated against a schema gives no guarantee that the serialized output will still be valid against the same schema. Conversely, it is possible to use character maps to produce schema-valid output from a result tree that would fail validation. (2) add the following Note at the end of 20.2 Note: When disable-output-escaping is used, there is no guarantee that the serialized output will be well-formed XML (or HTML). Furthermore, the fact that the result tree was validated against a schema gives no guarantee that the serialized output will still be valid against the same schema. Conversely, it is possible to use disable-output-escaping to produce schema-valid output from a result tree that would fail validation.
The proposed non-normative notes have been incorporated as erratum E27.