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The error code XD0023 covers errors in the execution of XPath expressions. "It is a dynamic error (err:XD0023) if an XPath expression is encountered which cannot be evaluated (because it is syntactically incorrect, contains references to unbound variables or unknown functions, or for any other reason)." Does this mean that any call to fn:error() or any dynamic error raised from invocation of an XPath should be reported as XD0023? If so, perhaps it would be better only to map statically detected errors to XD0023.