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An XPath expression that selects elements or attributes in a particular namespace must use prefixes associated with that namespace. If you want to use identity constraints in a chameleon schema, then, the XPath expression must be modified to use prefixes which are associated with the target namespace of the including schema. See: http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-xml-schema-comments/2001OctDec/0047.html
The WG decided (at the 01/03/2002 telecon) that R-77 should be included in the list of problems to consider for 1.1, with a view toward improving things. Also, the editor will create an erratum to highlight this in the Structures spec.