Re: synsem module

Hi Philipp, All

my answers below.


2014-07-31 21:56 GMT+02:00 Philipp Cimiano <cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de>
:

>  John, Manuel, all,
>
>  thanks for your email.
>
> I reply to both John and Manuel below...
>
> Regards,for each role: i.e. a frame for the sele
>
> Philipp.
>
> Am 31.07.14 16:23, schrieb Manuel Fiorelli:
>
>  Hi Philipp, John, All
>
>  thanks you for the update on the synsem module and the interesting
> example. By first, a minor mistake: the sell lexical entry uses the
> canonical form of the buy lexical entry.
>
>
> Thanks, already updated.
>
>
>  I agree with Philipp that buy and sell are semantically related, however
> I found in FrameNet a different pattern: there are two frames [1,2], which
> represent different perspectives on the same non lexical frame [3].
>
>
> Yes, I have seen this in Framenet. Nevertheless, it is really a subjective
> decision whether they represent the same frame or not.
> I have decided to model them as the same frame in my example, which is
> legitimate as they both refer to an exchange of goods for money, just the
> perspective is different, but the perspective, I assume, can not be
> captured in the ontology. Hope you are with me here for the sake of the
> example. I am not saying they should not be different frames in general ...
>

While I do not consider myself a super-expert in frame semantics, I agree
with you that "buy" and "sell" should refer to the same frame at a deeper
semantic level, which is where an ontology operates.

>
>  I agree also with John that we should map the subject and the object of
> the predicate. However, in the given example I suspect that "seller",
> "buyer" and moreover "exchanged good" are not really binary relations on
> the domain. In fact, I think they are roles of an N-ary relation, which is
> usually modeled as a subject resource having different properties
> associated with each role. In this case the subject would be a
> distinguished resource describing the specific event, which in turn has a
> buyer, a seller and an exchanged good.
>
>
> Yes, this answers also to John's comments. I have regarded frames as
> essentially represented a reified situation or event so that every property
> represents a frame argument or slot via a binary property that has the
> situaton or event as subject. I agree that this might not be general
> enough.
>
> John: would you please update the example so that it is appropriate in
> your understanding? Thanks.
>
>
>  Finally, I noticed that Philipp split the description of the semantic
> frame in two parts, which related to sell and buy, respectively. I wonder
> if the description is understandable, if we take the two parts together, as
> they appear to an agent processing RDF.
>
>  [1]
> https://framenet2.icsi.berkeley.edu/fnReports/data/frameIndex.xml?frame=Commerce_sell
> [2]
> https://framenet2.icsi.berkeley.edu/fnReports/data/frameIndex.xml?frame=Commerce_buy
> [3]
> https://framenet2.icsi.berkeley.edu/fnReports/data/frameIndex.xml?frame=Commerce_goods-transfer
>
>   OK, I did not find the later frame this morning when looking into
> Framenet. I could directly use this Framenet frame as example.
> In any case, Manuel, I am not sure what your point is here. What exactly
> is not understandable in your view?
>

My objection is that you split the description of the semantic frame into
two blocks. In each block, you associated the frame with subframes, each
one associating a semantic role with a syntactic argument. Having these two
blocks, I can easily understand that the semantic frame has three roles,
which maps to the syntactic arguments. Conversely, it I consider these two
blocks together, as they are in reality, then I am not sure I can easily
spot the "shape" of the semantic frame.



> Is there any relation between the three frames mentioned above in FrameNet?
>
>
In the page about Commerce_goods-transfer (
https://framenet2.icsi.berkeley.edu/fnReports/data/frameIndex.xml?frame=Commerce_sell),
you can find a section titled "Frame-frame Relations". It seems that  this
frame "Is Perspectivized in" the other two frames.


>  Btw. do framenet frames and framenet FEs have URIs that one can refer to?
>
>
I didn't find any official RDF version of Framenet.


>
>
> 2014-07-31 16:02 GMT+02:00 John P. McCrae <jmccrae@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de
> >:
>
>> Hello,
>>
>>  A quick couple of points; firstly we should avoid using the same
>> property to represent multiple semantically different relations, that is we
>> should not have a 'sense' linking both a frame and a sense, and a 'sense'
>>  linking an entry and a sense. It is also my understanding that the sense
>> owns its frame and as such we should put the link from the sense to the
>> frame, although this is mostly not technically relevant.
>>
>>  Secondly, it is important to state how the semantic frames map to the
>> *actual* semantic frame, that is the ontology predicates, this is achieved
>> on the sense level with objOfProp, subjOfProp and isA... and has to be
>> repeated for the frame object.
>>
>>  Regards,
>> John
>>
>>
>> On Thu, Jul 31, 2014 at 2:00 PM, Philipp Cimiano <
>> cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de> wrote:
>>
>>> Dear Fahad and Francesca, Armano, Manuel et al.
>>>
>>> thanks for your contributions to this thread. We have agreed on one of
>>> our last telcos to add Semantic Frames into the model, in particular into
>>> the synsem module.
>>>
>>> However, there is not yet a 100% agreement on how to do this. If you
>>> contribute to this, then we will make sure that the representation fits
>>> your needs.
>>>
>>> I attach an example (what is now Examples/synsem/example10.ttl in the
>>> GIT project). I show how to verbs "sell" and "buy" are linked to the same
>>> frame "exchange_goods_for_money".
>>>
>>> This is done via their syntactic behaviours that are linked to the same
>>> frame. The diffrent mappings between syntactic arguments and roles are
>>> expressed through subFrames and frameArgs.
>>>
>>> If this is what you want, it would have a small impact on the model
>>> only. requiring to introduce:
>>>
>>> 1) a class "SemanticFrame"
>>> 2) a property "semFrameuri" relating syntactic frames to their semantic
>>> frames
>>> 3) a property "semArg" to identify a semantic argument of a frame
>>> 4) overload the property "sense" so that it can also have "Frames" (in
>>> addition to Lexical Entries) as domain
>>>
>>> Let me know if this is what you want.
>>>
>>> Best regards,
>>>
>>> Philipp.
>>>
>>> Am 23.07.14 12:38, schrieb Anas Fahad Khan:
>>>
>>>  Hi everyone
>>>>
>>>> We (at ILC in Pisa) are currently working on converting a lexical
>>>> resource (Parole Simple Clips) into rdf using lemon. Right now we are
>>>> working on representing verb meanings and we're having to deal with the
>>>> kinds of issues you’re discussing in this thread.
>>>>
>>>> >From our perspective having something like a semantic frame would be
>>>> an extremely good idea since in our lexical resource verbs (and nouns) have
>>>> separate senses and predicative representations in addition to referring to
>>>> concepts in an ontology (via a mapping between senses and references). This
>>>> predicative representation could then be described or linked to by the
>>>> semantic frame since it might turn out that we want to keep information
>>>> about a predicative representation of a word meaning and its argument
>>>> structure separate from the reference of a sense.
>>>>
>>>> In the lemon cookboourik, lemon:isA seems to have been used in this way
>>>> (to refer to a separate predicative representation), although it isn’t 100%
>>>> clear.
>>>>
>>>> :cat lemon:sense [ lemon:reference ontology:Cat ;
>>>> lemon:isA :isa_cat ] .
>>>>
>>>> As Armando has mentioned in the thread there is a certain tension
>>>> between ontolex as a normative model (e.g.,“you should put your lexical
>>>> information here and your semantic information there”) and as a resource
>>>> that enables the translation and conversion of previously existing
>>>> resources taking into consideration the fact that they may well have
>>>> diverse conceptual and theoretical underpinnings.
>>>>
>>>> Cheers,
>>>>
>>>> Fahad and Francesca
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> Manuel Fiorelli <manuel.fiorelli@gmail.com> ha scritto:
>>>>
>>>>  Dear Philipp, All
>>>>>
>>>>> thanks very much for you explanation. Meanwhile, I had also the time to
>>>>> read the documentation of the module more carefully.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> 2014-07-22 22:06 GMT+02:00 Philipp Cimiano <
>>>>> cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de>
>>>>> :
>>>>>
>>>>>   Hi Manuel, all,
>>>>>>
>>>>>>  thanks for raising this issue. You will find below my answers...
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Am 18.07.14 16:39, schrieb Manuel Fiorelli:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>  Dear Philipp, All
>>>>>>
>>>>>>  Following the discussion during the today's meeting (especially
>>>>>> Armando's speech), I've some questions to assess my understanding of
>>>>>> the
>>>>>> problem.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>  Wordreference provides three "meanings" for the word "waken":
>>>>>>
>>>>>>    - waken (vi) = become awake
>>>>>>    - waken (tr) = cause to become awake
>>>>>>    - waken (vi) = interest, etc: be aroused
>>>>>>
>>>>>> First question: are these three "lexical senses" for the single
>>>>>> lexical
>>>>>> entry "waken", or are them three difference lexical entries.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> My intuition is that this is one lexical entry, with two different
>>>>>> syntactic behaviours and three different (lexical) senses.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>   If the answer is: they are different lexical entries, please skip
>>>>>> the
>>>>>> rest of the email. Otherwise, if they are three senses for the same
>>>>>> lexical
>>>>>> entry, please read below.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> So the answer is: yes, they are different lexical entries.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>   I am pretty sure that the first and third senses do not evoke (sorry
>>>>>> for the wrong term) the same frame as the second sense.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Correct, non of them evokes the same frame I would say.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>  I am happy to know that I did not make a mistake on the basics :-D
>>>>>
>>>>>   Furthermore, I do agree that there is no 1-1 correspondence between
>>>>>
>>>>>> senses and semantic frames, because there might be different words
>>>>>> that in
>>>>>> different contexts evokes the same semantic frame.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>    In my opinion the correspondence between syntactic and semantic
>>>>>> frames
>>>>>> is not obvious, as well:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>    1. the same syntactic frame (eg. transitive verb) might be used by
>>>>>> a
>>>>>>    lexical entry to express different frames.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>   Yes, that is true. That can be expressed with the current model as
>>>>>> only
>>>>>> a subset of the syntactic behaviours are linked to a particular sense.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>> In the examples on the Wiki, I found that syntactic behaviours are
>>>>> linked
>>>>> to lexical entries.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>    1. the same semantic frame might be realized differently by
>>>>>> different
>>>>>>    words.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Do you have an example for this?
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>> Mmm... I have not an example right now. However, as a very informal
>>>>> example, consider the lexical entries "father" and "dad". I am not sure
>>>>> they are "predicative", as the word capital is. But let pretended they
>>>>> are.
>>>>> Imagine that we want to map "X is father of Y" and "X is the dad of Y"
>>>>> to X
>>>>> :father Y.
>>>>>
>>>>> My question is: how many semantic frames do we need?
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>> The way we could do this is as follows:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> 1) A lexical entry $lex$ has a given syntactic behaviour $syn$, $syn$
>>>>>> is
>>>>>> linked to one or more frames $f$, which are linked to a particular
>>>>>> sense
>>>>>> and have frame Argument (frameArg) that are linked to syntactic
>>>>>> arguments
>>>>>> of the syntactic behaviour.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> 2) As a shortcut, we could infer that a frameArg is a semArg of the
>>>>>> corresponding associated (lexical) Sense.
>>>>>>
>>>>>> 3) Thus, a lexical entry could have diff. syntactic behaviours,
>>>>>> different
>>>>>> senses and different semantic frames associated to the syntactic
>>>>>> behaviours
>>>>>> and linked to a particular sense of that word.
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> Could you please rewrite one of the examples from the wiki, by using
>>>>> this
>>>>> new model?
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>  As I said, I can provide a small example if you give me some material
>>>>>> ;-)
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>> Thanks again for the opportunity. However, as I said, re-reading the
>>>>> specification actually clarified most of my concerns.
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> 2014-07-18 15:30 GMT+02:00 Philipp Cimiano <
>>>>>> cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de>:
>>>>>>
>>>>>>   Dear all,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>  a better example showing a more complex frame is the following
>>>>>>> representing a "launch"-frame:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> @prefix ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#>
>>>>>>> <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#> .
>>>>>>> @prefix synsem: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/synsem#>
>>>>>>> <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/synsem#> .
>>>>>>> @prefix lexinfo: <http://lexinfo.net/ontology/2.0/lexinfo.owl#>
>>>>>>> <http://lexinfo.net/ontology/2.0/lexinfo.owl#> .
>>>>>>> @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
>>>>>>> <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>.
>>>>>>> @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
>>>>>>> <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> @prefix : <> .
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>  :launch a ontolex:LexicalEntry ;
>>>>>>>   lexinfo:partOfSpeech lexinfo:verb ;
>>>>>>>   ontolex:canonicalForm :launch_canonical_form;
>>>>>>>   synsem:synBehavior :launch_transitive_pp;
>>>>>>>   ontolex:sense :launch_semframe.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :launch_canonical_form ontolex:writtenRep "launch"@en.
>>>>>>> uri
>>>>>>> :launch_transitive_pp a lexinfo:TransitivePPFrame;
>>>>>>>  lexinfo:subject  :launch_arg1 ;
>>>>>>>  lexinfo:directObject         :launch_arg2 ;
>>>>>>>  lexinfo:prepositionalAdjunct :launch_arg3.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :launch_arg3 synsem:marker :in ;
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>              synsem:optional "true"^^xsd:boolean .
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>  :launch_semframe a synsem:SemanticFrame;
>>>>>>> synsem:subsense :launch_subframe1;
>>>>>>> synsem:subsense :launch_subframe2.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :launch_subframe1 ontolex:reference <
>>>>>>> http://dbpedia.org/ontology/product>
>>>>>>> <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/product>;
>>>>>>>                                  synsem:subjOfProp :launch_arg1;
>>>>>>>                                  synsem:objOfProp :launch_arg2.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :launch_subframe2 ontolex:reference
>>>>>>> <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/launchDate>
>>>>>>> <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/launchDate>;
>>>>>>>                                  synsem:subjOfProp :launch_arg2;
>>>>>>>                                  synsem:objOfProp :launch_arg3.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Regarurids,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Philipp.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Am 18.07.14 13:31, schrieb Philipp Cimiano:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Hi Armando, all,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>  here follow a few coded examples (examples 3, 4 and 5 from Github
>>>>>>> project: Examples/synsem
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Example 3:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> @prefix ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#>
>>>>>>> <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#> .
>>>>>>> @prefix synsem: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/synsem#>
>>>>>>> <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/synsem#> .
>>>>>>> @prefix lexinfo: <http://lexinfo.net/ontology/2.0/lexinfo.owl#>
>>>>>>> <http://lexinfo.net/ontology/2.0/lexinfo.owl#> .
>>>>>>> @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
>>>>>>> <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> @prefix : <> .
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :own_lex a ontolex:LexicalEntry ;
>>>>>>>   synsem:canonicalForm :own_form ;
>>>>>>>   synsem:synBehavior :own_synframe ;
>>>>>>>   ontolex:sense :own_semframe.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :own_form ontolex:writtenRep "own"@en.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :own_synframe a lexinfo:TransitiveFrame;
>>>>>>>        :subject :own_subj;
>>>>>>>        :dobject :own_obj.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :own_semframe a synsem:SemanticFrame;
>>>>>>>          ontolex:reference <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/owner>
>>>>>>> <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/owner>;
>>>>>>>          synsem:subjOfProp :own_obj;
>>>>>>>          synsem:objOfProp :own_subj.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :subject owl:subPropertyOf synsem:synArg.
>>>>>>> :dobject owl:subPropertyOf synsem:synArg.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Example 4:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> @prefix ontolex: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#>
>>>>>>> <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/ontolex#> .
>>>>>>> @prefix synsem: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/synsem#>
>>>>>>> <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/synsem#> .
>>>>>>> @prefix lexinfo: <http://lexinfo.net/ontology/2.0/lexinfo.owl#>
>>>>>>> <http://lexinfo.net/ontology/2.0/lexinfo.owl#> .
>>>>>>> @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
>>>>>>> <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>.
>>>>>>> @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
>>>>>>> <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> @prefix : <> .
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :opening_film_at a ontolex:LexicalEntry ;
>>>>>>>     lexinfo:partOfSpeech lexinfo:noun ;
>>>>>>>     ontolex:canonicalForm :opening_film_form;
>>>>>>>     synsem:synBehavior :opening_film_nounpp;
>>>>>>>     ontolex:sense :opening_film_frame.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :opening_film_form a ontolex:Form;
>>>>>>> ontolex:writtenRep "opening film"@en.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :opening_film_nounpp a lexinfo:NounPPFrame;
>>>>>>> lexinfo:subject :opening_film_arg1;
>>>>>>> lexinfo:prepositionalArg :opening_film_arg2.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :opening_film_frame a synsem:SemanticFrame;
>>>>>>> ontolex:reference <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/openingFilm>
>>>>>>> <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/openingFilm>;
>>>>>>> ontolex:subjOfProp :opening_film_arg2;
>>>>>>> ontolex:objOfProp :opening_film_arg1.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :opening_film_arg2 synsem:marker :at ;
>>>>>>>                    synsem:optional "true"^^xsd:boolean .
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :at a ontolex:LexicalEntry ;
>>>>>>>   ontolex:canonicalForm :at_from .
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :at_from ontolex:writtenRep "at"@en .
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Example 5:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> @prefix synsem: <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/synsem#>
>>>>>>> <http://www.w3.org/ns/lemon/synsem#> .
>>>>>>> @prefix lexinfo: <http://lexinfo.net/ontology/2.0/lexinfo.owl#>
>>>>>>> <http://lexinfo.net/ontology/2.0/lexinfo.owl#> .
>>>>>>> @prefix owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
>>>>>>> <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>.
>>>>>>> @prefix xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
>>>>>>> <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> @prefix : <> .
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :graduate_from a ontolex:LexicalEntry ;
>>>>>>>     lexinfo:partOfSpeech lexinfo:verb ;
>>>>>>>     ontolex:canonicalForm :graduate_canonical_form;
>>>>>>>     synsem:synBehavior :graduate_from_intransitivepp;
>>>>>>>     ontolex:sense :graduate_from_semframe.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :graduate_canonical_form a ontolex:Form;
>>>>>>>  ontolex:writtenRep "graduate"@en.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :graduate_from_intransitivepp a ontolex:Frame;
>>>>>>>  lexinfo:subject :graduate_arg1 ;
>>>>>>>  lexinfo:prepositionalArg :graduate_arg2.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :graduate_from_semframe a synsem:SemanticFrame;
>>>>>>> ontolex:reference <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/almaMater>
>>>>>>> <http://dbpedia.org/ontology/almaMater>;
>>>>>>> ontolex:subjOfProp :graduate_arg1;
>>>>>>> ontolex:objOfProp :graduate_arg2.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :graduate_arg2 synsem:marker :from ;
>>>>>>>                synsem:optional "true"^^xsd:boolean .
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :from a ontolex:LexicalEntry ;
>>>>>>>   ontolex:canonicalForm :from_form .
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> :from_form ontolex:writtenRep "from"@en .
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> To me these are all prototypical situations: the situation of
>>>>>>> somebody
>>>>>>> (owner) owning something (owned), the situation of a film being
>>>>>>> opening
>>>>>>> film at some festival, the situation of somebody (a graduate)
>>>>>>> receiveing a
>>>>>>> graduation from some institution. These are clear frames with clear
>>>>>>> semantic roles.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Best regards,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Philipp.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Am 18.07.14 12:55, schrieb Armando Stellato:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>  Hi Philipp,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> thanks for the thorough explanation. As I said, I totally agree with
>>>>>>> you
>>>>>>> on the addition of the class (not sure though if on the core module,
>>>>>>> but..I’ve no strong opinion on that). In any case, this is again a
>>>>>>> matter
>>>>>>> of how much we want to deal with the coverage of existing and
>>>>>>> variegated
>>>>>>> lexical resources, which is at the boundary of the strict ontolex
>>>>>>> scope
>>>>>>> (though yet I find it a good occasion to do it).
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> I still don’t clearly understand the need to make it a subclass of
>>>>>>> LexicalSense. I understand that a frame more or less is bound to
>>>>>>> senses of
>>>>>>> given words, but I don’t see it as a LexicalSense itself. In some
>>>>>>> mappings,
>>>>>>> such as those to semiotics .owl, we have may have rougher
>>>>>>> containments wrt
>>>>>>> to Meaning/Expression/Reference, but the concept of LexicalSense is
>>>>>>> rather
>>>>>>> more specific than Meaning.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> At most, I would see it as a subclass of LexicalConcept (though I
>>>>>>> would
>>>>>>> not vote for it either). To me a frame depicts a “situation”,and I
>>>>>>> don’t
>>>>>>> see the relation with LexicalSense.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> …but it may also be very easily that I’m missing something. Maybe a
>>>>>>> coded
>>>>>>> example would help…
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Cheers,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Armando
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> *From:* Philipp Cimiano [mailto:cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de
>>>>>>> <cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de>]
>>>>>>> *Sent:* Friday, July 18, 2014 11:06 AM
>>>>>>> *To:* Armando Stellato; 'John P. McCrae'; Armando Stellato; 'John P.
>>>>>>> McCrae'
>>>>>>> *Cc:* public-ontolex@w3.org; public-ontolex@w3.org
>>>>>>> *Subject:* Re: synsem module
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> John, Armando, all,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>  sorry for my late reply on this issue with the "Semantic Frame".
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> I still think that it is a good idea to introduce Semantic Frame as a
>>>>>>> subclass of "Lexical Sense". Let me try to argue a bit more:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> 1) Of course, the semantics is in the ontology, but as we all know
>>>>>>> frames
>>>>>>> are not explicit in languages such as OWL / RDF, so the "Semantic
>>>>>>> Frame"
>>>>>>> class would essentially stand proxy for a structure that can be
>>>>>>> represented
>>>>>>> in terms of ontology predicates. Imagine I have a class
>>>>>>> "GoodExchange" and
>>>>>>> a property "Lender" and a property "borrower". Then the semantic
>>>>>>> frame
>>>>>>> associated to the expression "X borrowed Y from Z" is represented by
>>>>>>> a
>>>>>>> particular set of properties in the ontology, i.e. the binary
>>>>>>> properties
>>>>>>> "lender" and "borrower". The Semantic Frame is a prox object in the
>>>>>>> lexicon
>>>>>>> that binds these properties into a unit (gestalt) that expresses the
>>>>>>> meaning of a syntactic frame such as "X borrowed Y from Z". I agree
>>>>>>> this
>>>>>>> is in principle only syntactic sugar as this can already be
>>>>>>> represented by
>>>>>>> the current vocabulary we have. The main difference is that it makes
>>>>>>> the
>>>>>>> fact that at the ontology side we actually have a frame with
>>>>>>> arguments more
>>>>>>> explicit and clearer, particulary considering the following point 2:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> 2) The main reason why I am arguing to introduce the SemanticFrame
>>>>>>> class
>>>>>>> is that it is somehow non-standard to say that a Lexical Sense has
>>>>>>> semanticArguments. This will be strange for many people. It will be
>>>>>>> much
>>>>>>> clearer if we say that a SemanticFrame has semantic arguments, where
>>>>>>> the
>>>>>>> SemanticFrames simply stands proxy for a certain ontological
>>>>>>> configuration
>>>>>>> in the ontology.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> So what I am proposing is to redefine the property semArg to have
>>>>>>> SemanticFrame as domain, and making SemanticFrame a subclass of
>>>>>>> Sense. In
>>>>>>> some sense a SemanticFrame is thus a special case of a Sense that is
>>>>>>> a
>>>>>>> gestalt-like thing having semantic arguments.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> The model is increased by one class, true, that is really the only
>>>>>>> drawback I see. But it makes the model conceptually clearer and more
>>>>>>> accessible I believe. The advantage is that this extension is
>>>>>>> compatible
>>>>>>> with previous versions. If people stick to the previous modelling,
>>>>>>> the only
>>>>>>> consequence is that the LexicalSenses the have been using so far
>>>>>>> will be
>>>>>>> inferred to be SemanticFrames. This does not intefere with anyhting
>>>>>>> they
>>>>>>> have done and produces the desired inference.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Regards,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Philipp.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>  Am 10.07.14 11:37, schrieb Armando Stellato:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Dear all,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> my (really poor) two cents:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> I agree mostly with John, except that, well, yes, I wouldn’t be so
>>>>>>> close
>>>>>>> wrt introducing frames ion general. But I suspect this is again a
>>>>>>> matter of
>>>>>>> principle: either we want to *only* have a model which coherently
>>>>>>> depicts
>>>>>>> things in a given way, or we may **also** want to represent existing
>>>>>>> resources according to it. One of the things in the limbo between
>>>>>>> the two
>>>>>>> approaches has always been the representation of existing lexical
>>>>>>> resources. This is, by definition, not in the scope of OntoLex,
>>>>>>> though, in
>>>>>>> the absence of existing RDF models for lexical resources, inevitably
>>>>>>> (IMHO)
>>>>>>> it should be addressed.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> So, to me it wouldn’t be bad to have a frame resources module, and I
>>>>>>> see
>>>>>>> a SemanticFrame in there. Again, my preference goes to have the
>>>>>>> possibility
>>>>>>> of seeing existing resources not depicted by their own ontology (e.g.
>>>>>>> FrameNet ontology), but rather seen under a larger umbrella.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> However, I don’t see any kind of inclusion (in a sense or the other)
>>>>>>> with
>>>>>>> LexicalSense, and I better see it as a separate object.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Cheers,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Armando
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> *From:* johnmccrae@gmail.com [mailto:johnmccrae@gmail.com
>>>>>>> <johnmccrae@gmail.com>] *On Behalf Of *John P. McCrae
>>>>>>> *Sent:* Thursday, July 10, 2014 11:12 AM
>>>>>>> *To:* Philipp Cimiano; Philipp Cimiano
>>>>>>> *Cc:* public-ontolex@w3.org; public-ontolex@w3.org
>>>>>>> *Subject:* Re: synsem module
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Hi,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> On Wed, Jul 9, 2014 at 12:32 PM, Philipp Cimiano <
>>>>>>> cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de> wrote:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>  Dear all,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>  I am working through the synsem module, see my updates on the GIT
>>>>>>> repository.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> I do not have major changes of this module other than the following
>>>>>>> two:
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> 1) I have changed a number of definitions to make them clearer,
>>>>>>> please
>>>>>>> check and let me know if the definitions are fine.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> 2) For the sake of symmetry, I propose to add a class
>>>>>>> "SemanticFrame" as
>>>>>>> a counterpart to Frame, which represents a syntactic frame,
>>>>>>> essentially
>>>>>>> capturing the valence or subcat behaviour of a given lexical entry.
>>>>>>> This
>>>>>>> SemanticFrame would essentially be a subclass of LexicalSense, and
>>>>>>> would
>>>>>>> leave the other parts of the model essentially untouched. I feel that
>>>>>>> having this symmetry (syntactic and semantic side) makes the model
>>>>>>> more
>>>>>>> elegant and clearer. Some people will be looking for something like
>>>>>>> this.
>>>>>>> Essentially, a SemanticFrame would represent a gestalt-like
>>>>>>> conceptual
>>>>>>> construction that represents the meaning of a lexical entry.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> I have chosen the following definition for the "SemanticFrame"
>>>>>>> class: A
>>>>>>> Semantic Frame is a coherent structure of related concepts that are
>>>>>>> related
>>>>>>> such that without knowledge of all of them, one does not have
>>>>>>> complete
>>>>>>> knowledge of any one; they are in that sense types of gestalt. The
>>>>>>> coherent
>>>>>>> structure is represented by one or more predicates from a given
>>>>>>> ontology.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>  I'm not sure what this brings us, it adds an extra class (which
>>>>>>> inevitably increases complexity and confusion) for no technical
>>>>>>> advantage.
>>>>>>> That is do we really have a concrete example where it would be good
>>>>>>> to use
>>>>>>> a SemanticFrame instead of a LexicalSense?
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Also, I am not sure that the axiomatization of SemanticFrame as a
>>>>>>> subclass of LexicalSense makes sense... in particular is it not the
>>>>>>> case
>>>>>>> that every LexicalSense is a SemanticFrame as it refers to a concept
>>>>>>> in the
>>>>>>> ontology and is thus simply mapped to the argument structure of the
>>>>>>> ontological predicate, thus every lexical sense necessarily is
>>>>>>> associated
>>>>>>> with a semantic frame. If we agree that SemanticFrame ⊒
>>>>>>> LexicalSense, we
>>>>>>> should then ask is there is a semantic frame that is not a lexical
>>>>>>> sense?
>>>>>>> Firstly, from the point of view of OntoLex *all semantic is in the
>>>>>>> ontology*, therefore a semantic frame must also refer to the
>>>>>>> ontology,
>>>>>>> thus we need only ask if there is such a thing as a *non-lexicalized*
>>>>>>> semantic frame? The conclusion that was reached in Monnet was that
>>>>>>> there
>>>>>>> was no such thing, or at least such a thing is not relevant is not to
>>>>>>> OntoLex (as we only wish to describe how ontologies are
>>>>>>> lexicalized), thus
>>>>>>> we could say that LexicalSense ≡ SemanticFrame and eliminate the
>>>>>>> unnecessary synonym from the model.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> >From a strategic standpoint, I think that we should avoid adding the
>>>>>>> semantic frame in because "people will be looking for something like
>>>>>>> this".
>>>>>>> The fact that people will look for this means that if they find
>>>>>>> something
>>>>>>> with a name like this that doesn't actually work like they expect
>>>>>>> then they
>>>>>>> are guaranteed to misuse it! Instead, if they find a clear
>>>>>>> documentation of
>>>>>>> why such an object does not exist (i.e, "semantics is in the
>>>>>>> ontology")
>>>>>>> then that will help them far more than introducing a confusing
>>>>>>> subclass..
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> The definition as it stands currently is also weak for similar
>>>>>>> reasons....
>>>>>>> if a semantic frame is a "structure represented by one or more
>>>>>>> predicates
>>>>>>> from an ontology", why is it in the lexicon not entirely in the
>>>>>>> ontology??
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Regards,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> John
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Please check the ontology, the examples etc. and help me to debug the
>>>>>>> ontology, description and examples.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Best regards,
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Philipp.
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>  --
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Prof. Dr. Philipp Cimiano
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Phone: +49 521 106 12249
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Fax: +49 521 106 12412
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Mail: cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Forschungsbau Intelligente Systeme (FBIIS)
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Raum 2.307
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Universität Bielefeld
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Inspiration 1
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> 33619 Bielefeld
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>  --
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> --
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Prof. Dr. Philipp Cimiano
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> AG Semantic Computing
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Exzellenzcluster für Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC)
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Universität Bielefeld
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Tel: +49 521 106 12249
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Fax: +49 521 106 6560
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Mail: cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Office CITEC-2.307
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Universitätsstr. 21-25
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> 33615 Bielefeld, NRW
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Germany
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> --
>>>>>>> --
>>>>>>> Prof. Dr. Philipp Cimiano
>>>>>>> AG Semantic Computing
>>>>>>> Exzellenzcluster für Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC)
>>>>>>> Universität Bielefeld
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Tel: +49 521 106 12249
>>>>>>> Fax: +49 521 106 6560
>>>>>>> Mail: cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Office CITEC-2.307
>>>>>>> Universitätsstr. 21-25
>>>>>>> 33615 Bielefeld, NRW
>>>>>>> Germany
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> --
>>>>>>> --
>>>>>>> Prof. Dr. Philipp Cimiano
>>>>>>> AG Semantic Computing
>>>>>>> Exzellenzcluster für Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC)
>>>>>>> Universität Bielefeld
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Tel: +49 521 106 12249
>>>>>>> Fax: +49 521 106 6560
>>>>>>> Mail: cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>> Office CITEC-2.307
>>>>>>> Universitätsstr. 21-25
>>>>>>> 33615 Bielefeld, NRW
>>>>>>> Germany
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> --
>>>>>> Manuel Fiorelli
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>> --
>>>>>> --
>>>>>> Prof. Dr. Philipp Cimiano
>>>>>> AG Semantic Computing
>>>>>> Exzellenzcluster für Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC)
>>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>  Universität Bielefeld
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Tel: +49 521 106 12249 <%2B49%20521%20106%2012249>
>>>>>> Fax: +49 521 106 6560 <%2B49%20521%20106%206560>
>>>>>> Mail: cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de
>>>>>>
>>>>>> Office CITEC-2.307
>>>>>> Universitätsstr. 21-25
>>>>>> 33615 Bielefeld, NRW
>>>>>> Germany
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> --
>>>>> Manuel Fiorelli
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>> --
>>> --
>>> Prof. Dr. Philipp Cimiano
>>> AG Semantic Computing
>>> Exzellenzcluster für Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC)
>>> Universität Bielefeld
>>>
>>> Tel: +49 521 106 12249 <%2B49%20521%20106%2012249>
>>> Fax: +49 521 106 6560 <%2B49%20521%20106%206560>
>>> Mail: cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de
>>>
>>> Office CITEC-2.307
>>> Universitätsstr. 21-25
>>> 33615 Bielefeld, NRW
>>> Germany
>>>
>>>
>>
>
>
> --
> Manuel Fiorelli
>
>
> --
> --
> Prof. Dr. Philipp Cimiano
> AG Semantic Computing
> Exzellenzcluster für Cognitive Interaction Technology (CITEC)
> Universität Bielefeld
>
> Tel: +49 521 106 12249
> Fax: +49 521 106 6560
> Mail: cimiano@cit-ec.uni-bielefeld.de
>
> Office CITEC-2.307
> Universitätsstr. 21-25
> 33615 Bielefeld, NRW
> Germany
>
>


-- 
Manuel Fiorelli

Received on Thursday, 31 July 2014 22:10:34 UTC