Glossary of "RDF Semantics"

Term entries in the "RDF Semantics" glossary

W3C Glossaries

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model theory

From RDF Semantics (2004-02-10)

(n.) A formal semantic theory which relates expressions to interpretations.

monotonic

From RDF Semantics (2004-02-10)

(adj., of a logic or inference system) Satisfying the condition that if S entails E then (S + T) entails E, i.e. adding information to some antecedents cannot invalidate a valid entailment.

nonmonotonic

From RDF Semantics (2004-02-10)

(adj.,of a logic or inference system) Not monotonic . Non-monotonic formalisms have been proposed and used in AI and various applications. Examples of nonmonotonic inferences include default reasoning , where one assumes a 'normal' general truth unless it is contradicted by more particular information (birds normally fly, but penguins don't fly); negation-by-failure , commonly assumed in logic programming systems, where one concludes, from a failure to prove a proposition, that the proposition is false; and implicit closed-world assumptions , often assumed in database applications, where one concludes from a lack of information about an entity in some corpus that the information is false (e.g. that if someone is not listed in an employee database, that he or she is not an employee.)

ontological

From RDF Semantics (2004-02-10)

(adj.) (Philosophy) Concerned with what kinds of things really exist. (Applied) Concerned with the details of a formal description of some topic or domain.

proposition

From RDF Semantics (2004-02-10)

(n.) Something that has a truth-value; a statement or expression that is true or false.

reify

From RDF Semantics (2004-02-10)

(v.), (n.) To categorize as an object; to describe as an entity. Often used to describe a convention whereby a syntactic expression is treated as a semantic object and itself described using another syntax. In RDF, a reified triple is a description of a triple-token using other RDF triples.

resource

From RDF Semantics (2004-02-10)

(n.)(as used in RDF)(i) An entity; anything in the universe. (ii) As a class name: the class of everything; the most inclusive category possible.

satisfy

From RDF Semantics (2004-02-10)

(v.t.), ,(n.) (adj., of an interpretation). To make true. The basic semantic relationship between an interpretation and an expression. X satisfies Y means that if the world conforms to the conditions described by X, then Y must be true.

semantic

From RDF Semantics (2004-02-10)

(adj.) , (n.). Concerned with the specification of meanings. Often contrasted with syntactic to emphasize the distinction between expressions and what they denote.

token

From RDF Semantics (2004-02-10)

(n.) A particular physical inscription of a symbol or expression in a document. Usually contrasted with type , the abstract grammatical form of an expression.

universe

From RDF Semantics (2004-02-10)

(n., also Universe of discourse ) The universal classification, or the set of all things that an interpretation considers to exist. In RDF/S, this is identical to the set of resources.

use

From RDF Semantics (2004-02-10)

(v.) contrasted with mention ; to use a piece of syntax to denote or refer to something else. The normal way that language is used.

valid

From RDF Semantics (2004-02-10)

(adj., of an inference or inference process) Corresponding to an entailment , i.e. the conclusion of the inference is entailed by the antecedent of the inference. Also correct .

well-formed

From RDF Semantics (2004-02-10)

(adj., of an expression). Syntactically legal.

world

From RDF Semantics (2004-02-10)

(n.) (with the: ) (i) The actual world. (with a: ) (ii) A way that the actual world might be arranged. (iii) An interpretation (iv) A possible world.

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