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I think there is a typo in the "XPath and XQuery Functions and Operators 3.1" specification. In section "9.8.4.6 Formatting timezones", there is a table showing examples of timezone formatting. The last row shows the output when $place is set to "America/New_York". The examples assume that New York is in timezone EST which is 5 hours behind UTC. The output for midday UTC-10 is shown as "06:00 EST" but it should actually be "17:00 EST". If it is midday in a timezone 10 hours behind UTC, that means it is 22:00 UTC. EST is 5 hours behind UTC, so the time in New York would be 17:00, not 06:00.
An erratum has been created.