HCLSIG/DEMO/ChemicalAgents

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Chemical Agents for Parkinsons and Alzheimer's as part of the HCLS Demo

Contained within PubChem, and including links to Tox and bioactivity data whenever possible.

ANTIPARKINSON and PRO-PARKINSON AGENTS

The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system. TOX: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/direct.jsp?result=advanced&regno=000059927 , http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/direct.jsp?result=advanced&regno=000587451 BIOACTIVITY: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assay/assay.cgi?client=SubActSum&cid=6047

TOX: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/direct.jsp?result=advanced&regno=107257169

TOX: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=3040503

Pharmacological Action: Antiparkinson Agents TOX: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/direct.jsp?result=advanced&regno=007101511 BIOACTIVITY: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assay/assay.cgi?client=SubActSum&cid=23497

A centrally active muscarinic antagonist that has been used in the symptomatic treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE. Benztropine also inhibits the uptake of dopamine.

An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE, preventing conversion of LEVODOPA to dopamine. It is used in PARKINSON DISEASE to reduce peripheral adverse effects of LEVODOPA. It has no antiparkinson actions by itself. BIOACTIVITY: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assay/assay.cgi?q=cids&qstatus=done&reqid=775261908747390650

A dopamine D2 agonist. It is used in the treatment of parkinson disease, particularly for alleviation of tremor. It has also been used for circulatory disorders and in other applications as a D2 agonist. TOX: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/ProxyServlet?objectHandle=DBMaint&actionHandle=default&nextPage=jsp/chemidheavy/ResultScreen.jsp&ROW_NUM=0&TXTSUPERLISTID=078213635

A dopaminergic neurotoxic compound which produces irreversible clinical, chemical, and pathological alterations that mimic those found in Parkinson disease. Pro-Parkinson. TOX: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/ProxyServlet?objectHandle=DBMaint&actionHandle=default&nextPage=jsp/chemidheavy/ResultScreen.jsp&ROW_NUM=0&TXTSUPERLISTID=028289545 BIOACTIVITY: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assay/assay.cgi?client=SubActSum&cid=1388

One of the centrally acting MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS used for treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and drug-induced extrapyramidal movement disorders and as an antispasmodic. BIOACTIVITY: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assay/assay.cgi?client=SubActSum&cid=66007 TOX: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/ProxyServlet?objectHandle=DBMaint&actionHandle=default&nextPage=jsp/chemidheavy/ResultScreen.jsp&ROW_NUM=0&TXTSUPERLISTID=000052493

AMANTADINE derivative that has some dopaminergic effects. It has been proposed as an antiparkinson agent. BIOACTIVITY: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assay/assay.cgi?client=SubActSum&cid=181458 TOX: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/direct.jsp?result=advanced&regno=041100521

Pharmacological Action: Antiparkinson Agents TOX: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/ProxyServlet?objectHandle=DBMaint&actionHandle=default&nextPage=jsp/chemidheavy/ResultScreen.jsp&ROW_NUM=0&TXTSUPERLISTID=TM5031200

A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects. TOX: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/direct.jsp?result=advanced&regno=088637370

An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE that does not enter the central nervous system. It is often given with LEVODOPA in the treatment of parkinsonism to prevent the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, thereby increasing the amount that reaches the central nervous system and reducing the required dose. It has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.

ANTI-ALZHEIMER AGENTS

A benzazepine derived from norbelladine. It is found in GALANTHUS and other AMARYLLIDACEAE. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor that has been used to reverse the muscular effects of GALLAMINE TRIETHIODIDE and TUBOCURARINE and has been studied as a treatment for ALZHEIMER DISEASE and other central nervous system disorders. TOX: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/ProxyServlet?objectHandle=DBMaint&actionHandle=default&nextPage=jsp/chemidheavy/ResultScreen.jsp&ROW_NUM=0&TXTSUPERLISTID=069353215 BIOACTIVITY: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assay/assay.cgi?client=SubActSum&cid=121587

A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders. BIOACTIVITY: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assay/assay.cgi?q=cids&qstatus=done&reqid=654666932459242244 RELATED STRUCT TOX: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/ProxyServlet?objectHandle=DBMaint&actionHandle=default&nextPage=jsp/chemidheavy/ResultScreen.jsp&ROW_NUM=0&TXTSUPERLISTID=001684408

AMANTADINE derivative that has some dopaminergic effects. It has been proposed as an antiparkinson agent, but also referenced as a potential Alzheimer's therapy: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=16809811&query_hl=5&itool=pubmed_docsum.

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