From HTTP to Text


Raw octets on the wire (e.g. TCP/IP)
Transfer-Encoding (e.g. gzip, compress; general purpose)
Multibyte character encoding (e.g. raw text files)
Character encoding/switching schemes (e.g. ISO 2022)
Characters as code positions in coded character sets
Code tables, standards
Characters as logical text components
UCS (Unicode/ISO 10646)