Resources

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This is a list of resources on the W3C site under /International, arranged like a table of contents. Each document is listed only once, even though it could appear under more than one heading.

You can also find resources using the Technique index and Topic index. These provide more fine-grained access to information.

Getting Started

Overview

Introducing character sets and encodings

Language on the Web

Internationalization Quick Tips

Characters

Character encoding for beginners

Character encodings

Character sets & encodings in XHTML, HTML and CSS

Changing (X)HTML page encoding to UTF-8

Setting encoding in web authoring applications

Using character entities and NCRs

Document character set

CSS character encoding declarations

Setting the HTTP Charset parameter

Setting 'charset' information in .htaccess

Checking HTTP headers

Checking the character encoding using the validator

Display problems caused by the UTF-8 BOM

HTML, XHTML, XML and control codes

Missing characters and glyphs

Who uses Unicode?

Migrating to Unicode

Language

Specifying Language in XHTML & HTML Content

Language tags in HTML and XML

2-letter or 3-letter language codes

Why use the language attribute?

Setting language preferences in a browser

Declaring Language in XHTML and HTML

xml:lang in XML document schemas

Tagging text with no language

Using HTTP and meta for language information

When to use language negotiation

Apache MultiViews language negotiation set up

Understanding the New Language Tags

Accept-Language used for locale setting

Markup & text

Working with Composite Messages

Re-using Strings in Scripted Content

Ruby

Ruby markup and styling

Non-English tags

Text direction

Creating (X)HTML Pages in Arabic & Hebrew

Creating SVG Tiny Pages in Arabic, Hebrew and other Right-to-Left Scripts

What you need to know about the bidi algorithm and inline markup

XHTML/HTML & bidi formatting codes vs. markup

CSS vs. markup for bidi support

Bidi space loss

Styling & layout

CSS3 and International Text

Text size in translation

Background images that support localization

Styling using the lang attribute

Forms

Multilingual form encoding

Navigation

Using <select> to link to localized content

Select box sorting


Resource Identifiers

An introduction to multilingual Web addresses


Cultural Issues

Display capabilities

Date formats


Other

Localization vs. Internationalization

Monolingual vs. multilingual Web sites

International & multilingual Web sites

Serving XHTML 1.0

Script directions & languages

Personal tools