What does the world "resolve" properly apply to--a scheme or a reference?  The current text uses "resolve" with respect to both concepts, which causes the notion of resolution to float between two levels.  This could cause confusion on the part of a reader who is quite so attuned to the nuance of context as the spec authors.  I would suggest that reference element should *refer* while schemes should *point*.  Reference elements are *dereferenced* by deref(); whereas schemes are not explicitly an argument to deref()--I believe.