W3C XML Schema Definition Language (XSD) 1.1 Part 1: Structures -- Review Version

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3 Schema Component Details

3.10 Wildcards

        3.10.1 The Wildcard Schema Component
        3.10.2 XML Representation of Wildcard Schema Components
        3.10.3 Constraints on XML Representations of Wildcards
        3.10.4 Wildcard Validation Rules
            3.10.4.1 Item Valid (Wildcard)
            3.10.4.2 Wildcard allows Expanded Name
            3.10.4.3 Wildcard allows Namespace Name
        3.10.5 Wildcard Information Set Contributions
        3.10.6 Constraints on Wildcard Schema Components
            3.10.6.1 Wildcard Properties Correct
            3.10.6.2 Wildcard Subset
            3.10.6.3 Attribute Wildcard Union
            3.10.6.4 Attribute Wildcard Intersection

In order to exploit the full potential for extensibility offered by XML plus namespaces, more provision is needed than DTDs allow for targeted flexibility in content models and attribute declarations. A wildcard provides for ·validation· of attribute and element information items dependent on their namespace names and optionally on their local names.

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3.10.1 The Wildcard Schema Component

The wildcard schema component has the following properties:

Schema Component: Wildcard, a kind of Term

{annotations}

A sequence of Annotation components.

{namespace constraint}

A Namespace Constraint property record. Required.

{process contents}

One of {skip, strict, lax}. Required.

Property Record: Namespace Constraint

{variety}

One of {any, enumeration, not}. Required.

{namespaces}

A set each of whose members is either an xs:anyURI value or the distinguished value ·absent·. Required.

{disallowed names}

A set each of whose members is either an xs:QName value or the keyword defined↑ or the keyword sibling↑. Required.

↑

Editorial note
Question to the WG: what should the keyword be called? "definedSibling" is long and not a word; "defined sibling" is not a key word.

↑

{namespace constraint} provides for ·validation· of attribute and element items that:

({variety} any) have any namespace or are not namespace-qualified;
({variety} not and {namespaces} a set whose members are either namespace names or ·absent·) have any namespace other than the specified namespaces and/or, if ·absent· is included in the set, are namespace-qualified;
({variety} enumeration and {namespaces} a set whose members are either namespace names or ·absent·) have any of the specified namespaces and/or, if ·absent· is included in the set, are unqualified.
({disallowed names} contains QName members) have any ↓(namespace name, local name)↓↑expanded name↑ other than the specified names.
({disallowed names} contains the keyword defined) have any ↓(namespace name, local name)↓↑expanded name↑ other than those matching the names of global element or attribute declarations.
↑
({disallowed names} contains the keyword sibling) have any expanded name other than those matching the names of element or attribute declarations in the containing complex type definition.
↑

{process contents} controls the impact on ·assessment· of the information items allowed by wildcards, as follows:

strict

There must be a top-level declaration for the item available, or the item must have an xsi:type, and the item must be ·valid· as appropriate.

skip

No constraints at all: the item must simply be well-formed XML.

lax

If the item has a uniquely determined declaration available, it must be ·valid· with respect to that definition, that is, ·validate· if you can, don't worry if you can't.

See Annotations (§3.15) for information on the role of the {annotations} property.

Editorial Note: Priority Feedback Request

The keyword↑s↑ defined ↑and sibling↑ allow↓s↓ a kind of wildcard which matches only elements not declared in the current schema↑ or contained within the current complex type, respectively↑. ↓It is↓↑They are↑ new in this version of this specification. The Working Group is uncertain whether ↓its↓↑their↑ value outweighs ↓its↓↑their↑ liabilities; we solicit input from implementors and users of this specification as to whether ↓it↓↑they↑ should be retained or not.

3.10.2 XML Representation of Wildcard Schema Components

The XML representation for a wildcard schema component is an <any> or <anyAttribute> element information item. The correspondences between the properties of an <any> information item and properties of the components it corresponds to are as follows (see <complexType> and <attributeGroup> for the correspondences for <anyAttribute>):

XML Representation Summary: any Element Information Item

<any
  id = ID
  maxOccurs = (nonNegativeInteger | unbounded) : 1
  minOccurs = nonNegativeInteger : 1
  namespace = ((##any | ##other) | List of (anyURI | (##targetNamespace | ##local)) )
  notNamespace = List of (anyURI | (##targetNamespace | ##local))
  notQName = List of (QName | ##defined)
  processContents = (lax | skip | strict) : strict
  {any attributes with non-schema namespace . . .}>
  Content: (annotation?)
</any>

A particle containing a wildcard, with properties as follows (unless minOccurs=maxOccurs=0, in which case the item corresponds to no component at all):

Particle Schema Component

Property

Representation

{min occurs}

The ·actual value· of the minOccurs [attribute], if present, otherwise 1.

{max occurs}

unbounded, if the maxOccurs [attribute] equals unbounded, otherwise the ·actual value· of the maxOccurs [attribute], if present, otherwise 1.

{term}

A wildcard as given below:

{annotations}

The same annotations as the {annotations} of the wildcard. See below.

Wildcard Schema Component

Property

Representation

{namespace constraint}

A Namespace Constraint with the following properties:

Property

Value

{variety}

the appropriate case among the following:

1 If the namespace [attribute] is present, then the appropriate case among the following:

1.1 If the ·actual value· of the namespace [attribute] is "##any", then any;

1.2 If the ·actual value· of the namespace [attribute] is "##other", then not;

1.3 otherwise enumeration;

2 If the notNamespace [attribute] is present, then not;

3 otherwise (neither namespace nor notNamespace is present) any.

{namespaces}

the appropriate case among the following:

1 If neither namespace nor notNamespace is present, then the empty set;

2 If the namespace [attribute] is present and its ·actual value· is "##any", then the empty set;

3 If the namespace [attribute] is present and its ·actual value· is "##other", then a set consisting ·absent· and, if the targetNamespace [attribute] of the <schema> ancestor element information item is present, its ·actual value·;

4 otherwise a set whose members are namespace names corresponding to the space-delimited substrings of the ·actual value· of the namespace or notNamespace [attribute] (whichever is present), except

4.1 if one such substring is ##targetNamespace, the corresponding member is the ·actual value· of the targetNamespace [attribute] of the <schema> ancestor element information item if present, otherwise ·absent·;

4.2 if one such substring is ##local, the corresponding member is ·absent·.

{disallowed names}

If the notQName [attribute] is present, then a set whose members ↓are QName values corresponding to the space-delimited substrings of the↓↑correspond to the items in the↑ ·actual value· of the notQName [attribute], ↑as follows.↑ ↓except if one such substring is ##defined, the corresponding member is the keyword defined,↓

↑

If the item is a QName value (i.e. an expanded name), then that QName value is a member of the set.
If the item is the token "##defined", then the keyword defined is a member of the set.
If the item is the token "##definedSibling", then the keyword sibling is a member of the set.

↑

↓otherwise (the notQName [attribute] is not present)↓↑If the notQName [attribute] is not present, then↑ the empty set.

{process contents}

The ·actual value· of the processContents [attribute], if present, otherwise strict.

{annotations}

The ·annotation mapping· of the <any> element, as defined in XML Representation of Annotation Schema Components (§3.15.2).

Note: When this rule is used for an attribute wildcard (see XML Representation of Complex Type Definition Schema Components (§3.4.2)), the {annotations} is the ·annotation mapping· of the <anyAttribute> element.

Wildcards are subject to the same ambiguity constraints (Unique Particle Attribution (§3.8.6.4)) as other content model particles: If an instance element could match one of two wildcards, within the content model of a type, that model is in error.

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3.10.4 Wildcard Validation Rules

3.10.4.1 Item Valid (Wildcard)

Validation Rule: Item Valid (Wildcard)

For an element or attribute information item to be locally ·valid· with respect to a wildcard constraint its ([namespace name], [local name]) pair must be ·valid· with respect to the wildcard constraint, as defined in Wildcard allows Expanded Name (§3.10.4.2).

When an element or attribute information item is ·attributed· to a wildcard and the preceding constraint (Item Valid (Wildcard) (§3.10.4.1)) is satisfied, then the item has no ·context-determined declaration·. Its ·governing· declaration, if any, is found by matching its expanded name as described in QName resolution (Instance) (§3.17.4). Note that QName resolution is performed only if the item is ·attributed· to a strict or lax wildcard; if the wildcard has a {process contents} property of skip, then the item has no ·governing· declaration.

[Definition:] An element or attribute information item is skipped if it is ·attributed· to a skip wildcard or if one of its ancestor elements is.

3.10.4.2 Wildcard allows Expanded Name

Validation Rule: Wildcard allows Expanded Name

For a↑n expanded name E, i.e. a↑ (namespace name, local name) pair↑,↑ to be ·valid· with respect to a wildcard constraint ↓↓↑C↑ ↓(↓↑which appears as↑ the value of a {namespace constraint}↓)↓↑ belonging to a wildcard W,↑ all of the following must be true:

1 The namespace name is ·valid· with respect to ↓the wildcard constraint↓↑C↑, as defined in Wildcard allows Namespace Name (§3.10.4.3);

↓

The constraint's {disallowed names} does not contain the pair.

↓

↑

C.{disallowed names} does not contain E.

↑

↓

If the constraint's {disallowed names} contains the keyword defined, then the pair does not ·resolve· to an element or attribute declaration (depending on whether the pair is an element or attribute name).

↓

↑

4 If the constraint's C.{disallowed names} contains the keyword defined, then both of the following are true:

4.1 If W is an element wildcard (i.e., W appears in a content model), then E does not ·resolve· to an element declaration. (Informally, no such top-level element is declared in the schema.)

4.2 If W is an attribute wildcard, then E does not ·resolve· to an attribute declaration.

↑

5 If C.{disallowed names} contains the keyword sibling, and C appears within the content model or as the {attribute wildcard} of some complex type T, then the appropriate case among the following is true:

5.1 If W is an element wildcard (i.e., W appears in the content model of T), then E does not ·match· any element declaration ·contained· in the content model of T, whether ·directly·, ·indirectly·, or ·implicitly·.

5.2 If W is T.{attribute wildcard}, then E does not ·match· any attribute declaration that is the {attribute declaration} of any of T's {attribute uses}.

↑

Informally, the keyword sibling disallows any element or attribute declared as a possible sibling of the wildcard W.

↑

[Definition:] For any ·wildcard particle· W contained in a particle P, the set of element declarations ·directly·, ·indirectly·, or ·implicitly· contained in P is the possible sibling set of W. For any attribute wildcard W belonging to a complex type T the possible sibling set of W is the set of attribute declarations belonging to the attribute uses of T.

↑

[Definition:] For any wildcard W, the possible sibling names of W are the expanded names belonging to the ·possible sibling set· of W.

↑

Note: The rules for validation of attributes given in Element Locally Valid (Complex Type) (§3.4.4.2) (specifically clause clause 2) have as a consequence that attribute information items are never ·attributed to· an attribute wildcard, if they can instead match some member of the wildcard's ·possible sibling set·. This means that for attribute wildcards, the keyword sibling has no effect on ·assessment·.

↑

3.10.4.3 Wildcard allows Namespace Name

Validation Rule: Wildcard allows Namespace Name

For a value which is either a namespace name or ·absent· to be ·valid· with respect to a wildcard constraint (the value of a {namespace constraint}) one of the following must be true:

1 The constraint's {variety} is any.

2 The constraint's {variety} is not, and the value is not identical to any of the members of the constraint's {namespaces}.

3 The constraint's {variety} is enumeration, and the value is identical to one of the members of the constraint's {namespaces}.

...

3.10.6 Constraints on Wildcard Schema Components

3.10.6.1 Wildcard Properties Correct

All wildcards (see Wildcards (§3.10)) must satisfy the following constraint.

Schema Component Constraint: Wildcard Properties Correct

All of the following must be true:

1 The values of the properties of a wildcard are as described in the property tableau in The Wildcard Schema Component (§3.10.1), modulo the impact of Missing Sub-components (§5.3).

2 If {variety} is not, {namespaces} has at least one member.

3 If {variety} is any, {namespaces} is empty.

4 The namespace name of each QName member in {disallowed names} is allowed by the {namespace constraint}, as defined in Wildcard allows Namespace Name (§3.10.4.3).

3.10.6.2 Wildcard Subset

The following constraints define a relation appealed to elsewhere in this specification.

Schema Component Constraint: Wildcard Subset

[Definition:] Given two Namespace Constraints sub and super, sub is a wildcard subset of super if and only if one of the following is true

1 super has {variety} = any.

2 Both sub and super have {variety} = enumeration, and super's {namespaces} is a superset of sub's {namespaces}.

3 The {variety} of sub is enumeration, the {variety} of super is not, and the {namespaces} of the two are disjoint.

4 Both sub and super have {variety} = not, and super's {namespaces} is a subset of sub's {namespaces}.

And all of the following must be true:

1 Each QName member of super's {disallowed names} is not allowed by sub, as defined in Wildcard allows Expanded Name (§3.10.4.2).

2 If super's {disallowed names} contains defined, then sub's {disallowed names} also contains defined.

↑

If super's {disallowed names} contains sibling, then both of the following are true:

3.1 sub's {disallowed names} also contains sibling.

3.2 If sub and super appear within content models or as attribute wildcards in specific complex types, then the ·possible sibling names· of super are a subset of those of sub.

Note: Note that without clause clause 3.2, the rule given for sibling does not guarantee that the set of expanded names accepted by sub is actually a subset of that accepted by super. If super has ·possible siblings· A and B, and sub has only A as a ·possible sibling·, then sub will accept B, while super will not. When ##definedSibling is used, then, strict enforcement of subset relations between wildcards is possible only for wildcards considered in the context of their containing types.

↑

3.10.6.3 Attribute Wildcard Union

Schema Component Constraint: Attribute Wildcard Union

[Definition:] Given three Namespace Constraints O, O1, and O2, O is the wildcard union of O1 and O2 if and only if, first, the {variety} and {namespaces}, and, second, the {disallowed names} of O are consistent with O being the union of O1 and O2, as that is defined below.

The {variety} and {namespaces} of O are consistent with O being the wildcard union of O1 and O2 if and only if one of the following is true

1 O, O1, and O2 all have the same {variety} and {namespaces}.

2 Either O1 or O2 has {variety} = any, and O has {variety} = any.

3 O, O1, and O2 all have {variety} enumeration, and O's {namespaces} is the union of O1's {namespaces} and O2's {namespaces}.

4 O1 and O2 both have {variety} not, and one of the following is true

4.1 The intersection of the {namespaces} of O1 and O2 is the empty set, and O has {variety} = any.

4.2 O also has {variety} = not, and the {namespaces} of O is the non-empty intersection of the {namespaces} of O1 and O2.

5 Either O1 or O2 has {variety} not and {namespaces} S1, and the other has {variety} enumeration and {namespaces} S2, and one of the following is true

5.1 The set difference S1 minus S2 is the empty set, and O has {variety} = any.

5.2 O has {variety} = not and the {namespaces} of O is the non-empty set difference S1 minus S2.

The {disallowed names} property of O is consistent with O being the wildcard union of O1 and O2 if and only if O's {disallowed names} includes all and only the following:

1 QName members of O1's {disallowed names} that are not allowed by O2, as defined in Wildcard allows Expanded Name (§3.10.4.2).

2 QName members of O2's {disallowed names} that are not allowed by O1.

3 The keyword defined if it is contained in both O1's and O2's {disallowed names}.

4 If one {disallowed names} (assume it is from O1 without losing generality) contains defined and the other one (from O2) does not, and there exists a namespace name or ·absent· that is allowed by O1, as defined in Wildcard allows Namespace Name (§3.10.4.3), but not by O2, then the wildcard union is not expressible.

Note: If a wildcard union is inexpressible, any rule requiring that one Namespace Constraint be that union cannot be satisfied.

In the case where there are more than two Namespace Constraints to be combined, the wildcard union is determined by identifying the wildcard union of two of them as above, then the wildcard union of the result with the third (providing the first union was expressible), and so on as required. If some of the Namespace Constraints contain defined in their {disallowed names}, then the union operation must be applied first to those who do not contain that keyword, to maximize the chance of expressibility.

3.10.6.4 Attribute Wildcard Intersection

Schema Component Constraint: Attribute Wildcard Intersection

[Definition:] Given three Namespace Constraints O, O1, and O2, O is the wildcard intersection of O1 and O2 if and only if both its {variety} and {namespaces} properties, on the one hand, and its {disallowed names} property, on the other, are consistent with O being the intersection of O1 and O2, as that is defined below.

The {variety} and {namespaces} of O are consistent with O being the wildcard intersection of O1 and O2 if and only if

1 O, O1, and O2 have the same {variety} and {namespaces}.

2 Either O1 or O2 has {variety} = any and O has {variety} and {namespaces} identical to those of the other.

3 O, O1, and O2 all have {variety} = enumeration, and the {namespaces} of O is the intersection of the {namespaces} of O1 and O2.

4 O, O1, and O2 all have {variety} not, and the {namespaces} of O is the union of the {namespaces} of O1 and O2.

5 Either O1 or O2 has {variety} = not and {namespaces} = S1 and the other has {variety} = enumeration and {namespaces} = S2, and O has {variety} = enumeration and {namespaces} = the set difference S2 minus S1.

The {disallowed names} property of O is consistent with O being the wildcard intersection of O1 and O2 if and only if O's {disallowed names} includes all and only the following:

1 QName members of O1's {disallowed names} that are allowed by O2, as defined in Wildcard allows Expanded Name (§3.10.4.2).

2 QName members of O2's {disallowed names} that are allowed by O1.

3 The intersection of O1's {disallowed names} and O2's {disallowed names}.

4 The keyword defined if it is a member of either {disallowed names}.

In the case where there are more than two Namespace Constraints to be combined, the wildcard intersection is determined by identifying the wildcard intersection of two of them as above, then the wildcard intersection of the result with the third, and so on as required.

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3.17 Schemas as a Whole

        3.17.1 The Schema Itself
        3.17.2 XML Representations of Schemas
            3.17.2.1 References to Schema Components
            3.17.2.2 References to Schema Components from Elsewhere
        3.17.3 Constraints on XML Representations of Schemas
            3.17.3.1 Schema Representation OK
            3.17.3.2 QName resolution (Schema Document)
        3.17.4 Validation Rules for Schemas as a Whole
        3.17.5 Schema Information Set Contributions
            3.17.5.1 Schema Information
            3.17.5.2 ID/IDREF Table
        3.17.6 Constraints on Schemas as a Whole

A schema consists of a set of schema components.

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3.17.4 Validation Rules for Schemas as a Whole

As the discussion above at Schema Component Details (§3) makes clear, at the level of schema components and ·validation·, reference to components by name is normally not involved. In a few cases, however, qualified names appearing in information items being ·validated· must be resolved to schema components by such lookup. The following constraint is appealed to in these cases.

Validation Rule: QName resolution (Instance)

A↑n expanded name, i.e. a↑ pair of a local name and a namespace name (or ·absent·)↑,↑ resolve↑s↑ to a schema component of a specified kind in the context of ·validation· by appeal to the appropriate property of the schema being used for the ·assessment·. Each such property indexes components by name. The property to use is determined by the kind of component specified, that is, the appropriate case among the following must be true:

1 If the kind specified is simple or complex type definition, then the property is the {type definitions}.

2 If the kind specified is attribute declaration, then the property is the {attribute declarations}.

3 If the kind specified is element declaration, then the property is the {element declarations}.

4 If the kind specified is attribute group, then the property is the {attribute group definitions}.

5 If the kind specified is model group, then the property is the {model group definitions}.

6 If the kind specified is notation declaration, then the property is the {notation declarations}.

The component resolved to is the entry in the table whose {name} matches the local name of the pair and whose {target namespace} is identical to the namespace name of the pair.

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<?xml version='1.0'?>

<!DOCTYPE xs:schema PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XMLSCHEMA 200102//EN" "XMLSchema.dtd" [

<!-- provide ID type information even for parsers which only read the
     internal subset -->
<!ATTLIST xs:schema          id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:complexType     id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:complexContent  id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:simpleContent   id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:extension       id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:element         id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:group           id  ID  #IMPLIED> 
<!ATTLIST xs:all             id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:choice          id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:sequence        id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:any             id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:anyAttribute    id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:attribute       id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:attributeGroup  id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:unique          id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:key             id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:keyref          id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:selector        id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:field           id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:assert          id  ID  #IMPLIED>

<!ATTLIST xs:include         id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:import          id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:redefine        id  ID  #IMPLIED>
<!ATTLIST xs:notation        id  ID  #IMPLIED>
]>

<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" blockDefault="#all"
           elementFormDefault="qualified" xml:lang="EN"
           targetNamespace="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
           version="structures.xsd (review-20080414)">
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:documentation  source="../structures/structures.html">
   The schema corresponding to this document is normative,
   with respect to the syntactic constraints it expresses in the
   XML Schema Definition Language.  The documentation (within &lt;documentation> elements)
   below, is not normative, but rather highlights important aspects of
   the W3C Recommendation of which this is a part</xs:documentation>
  </xs:annotation>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:documentation>
   The simpleType element and all of its members are defined
   in datatypes.xsd</xs:documentation>
  </xs:annotation>
  <xs:include schemaLocation="datatypes.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
             schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/2001/xml.xsd">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
       Get access to the xml: attribute groups for xml:lang
       as declared on 'schema' and 'documentation' below
     </xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
  </xs:import>
  <xs:complexType name="openAttrs">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
       This type is extended by almost all schema types
       to allow attributes from other namespaces to be
       added to user schemas.
     </xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:anyType">
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="annotated">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
       This type is extended by all types which allow annotation
       other than &lt;schema> itself
     </xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:extension base="xs:openAttrs">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:ID"/>
      </xs:extension>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:group name="schemaTop">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   This group is for the
   elements which occur freely at the top level of schemas.
   All of their types are based on the "annotated" type by extension.</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:choice>
      <xs:group ref="xs:redefinable"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:element"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:attribute"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:notation"/>
    </xs:choice>
  </xs:group>
  <xs:group name="redefinable">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   This group is for the
   elements which can self-redefine (see &lt;redefine> below).</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:choice>
      <xs:element ref="xs:simpleType"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:complexType"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:group"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:attributeGroup"/>
    </xs:choice>
  </xs:group>
  <xs:simpleType name="formChoice">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   A utility type, not for public use</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
      <xs:enumeration value="qualified"/>
      <xs:enumeration value="unqualified"/>
    </xs:restriction>
  </xs:simpleType>
  <xs:simpleType name="reducedDerivationControl">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   A utility type, not for public use</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:restriction base="xs:derivationControl">
      <xs:enumeration value="extension"/>
      <xs:enumeration value="restriction"/>
    </xs:restriction>
  </xs:simpleType>
  <xs:simpleType name="derivationSet">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   A utility type, not for public use</xs:documentation>
      <xs:documentation>
   #all or (possibly empty) subset of {extension, restriction}</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:union>
      <xs:simpleType>
        <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
          <xs:enumeration value="#all"/>
        </xs:restriction>
      </xs:simpleType>
      <xs:simpleType>
        <xs:list itemType="xs:reducedDerivationControl"/>
      </xs:simpleType>
    </xs:union>
  </xs:simpleType>
  <xs:simpleType name="typeDerivationControl">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   A utility type, not for public use</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:restriction base="xs:derivationControl">
      <xs:enumeration value="extension"/>
      <xs:enumeration value="restriction"/>
      <xs:enumeration value="list"/>
      <xs:enumeration value="union"/>
    </xs:restriction>
  </xs:simpleType>
  <xs:simpleType name="fullDerivationSet">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   A utility type, not for public use</xs:documentation>
      <xs:documentation>
   #all or (possibly empty) subset of {extension, restriction, list, union}</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:union>
      <xs:simpleType>
        <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
          <xs:enumeration value="#all"/>
        </xs:restriction>
      </xs:simpleType>
      <xs:simpleType>
        <xs:list itemType="xs:typeDerivationControl"/>
      </xs:simpleType>
    </xs:union>
  </xs:simpleType>
  <xs:element name="schema" id="schema">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-schema"/>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexContent>
        <xs:extension base="xs:openAttrs">
          <xs:sequence>
            <xs:choice minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
              <xs:element ref="xs:include"/>
              <xs:element ref="xs:import"/>
              <xs:element ref="xs:redefine"/>
              <xs:element ref="xs:annotation"/>
            </xs:choice>
            <xs:sequence minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
              <xs:group ref="xs:schemaTop"/>
              <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"
                          maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
            </xs:sequence>
          </xs:sequence>
          <xs:attribute name="targetNamespace" type="xs:anyURI"/>
          <xs:attribute name="version" type="xs:token"/>
          <xs:attribute name="finalDefault" type="xs:fullDerivationSet"
                        default="" use="optional"/>
          <xs:attribute name="blockDefault" type="xs:blockSet" default=""
                        use="optional"/>
          <xs:attribute name="attributeFormDefault" type="xs:formChoice"
                        default="unqualified" use="optional"/>
          <xs:attribute name="elementFormDefault" type="xs:formChoice"
                        default="unqualified" use="optional"/>
          <xs:attribute name="defaultAttributes" type="xs:QName"/>
          <xs:attribute name="xpathDefaultNamespace" type="xs:xpathDefaultNamespace"
                        default="##local" use="optional"/>
          <xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:ID"/>
          <xs:attribute ref="xml:lang"/>
        </xs:extension>
      </xs:complexContent>
    </xs:complexType>
    <xs:key name="element">
      <xs:selector xpath="xs:element"/>
      <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
    </xs:key>
    <xs:key name="attribute">
      <xs:selector xpath="xs:attribute"/>
      <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
    </xs:key>
    <xs:key name="type">
      <xs:selector xpath="xs:complexType|xs:simpleType"/>
      <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
    </xs:key>
    <xs:key name="group">
      <xs:selector xpath="xs:group"/>
      <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
    </xs:key>
    <xs:key name="attributeGroup">
      <xs:selector xpath="xs:attributeGroup"/>
      <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
    </xs:key>
    <xs:key name="notation">
      <xs:selector xpath="xs:notation"/>
      <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
    </xs:key>
    <xs:key name="identityConstraint">
      <xs:selector xpath=".//xs:key|.//xs:unique|.//xs:keyref"/>
      <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
    </xs:key>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:simpleType name="allNNI">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   for maxOccurs</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:union memberTypes="xs:nonNegativeInteger">
      <xs:simpleType>
        <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
          <xs:enumeration value="unbounded"/>
        </xs:restriction>
      </xs:simpleType>
    </xs:union>
  </xs:simpleType>
  <xs:attributeGroup name="occurs">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   for all particles</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:attribute name="minOccurs" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" default="1"
                  use="optional"/>
    <xs:attribute name="maxOccurs" type="xs:allNNI" default="1" use="optional"/>
  </xs:attributeGroup>
  <xs:attributeGroup name="defRef">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   for element, group and attributeGroup,
   which both define and reference</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:NCName"/>
    <xs:attribute name="ref" type="xs:QName"/>
  </xs:attributeGroup>
  <xs:group name="typeDefParticle">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   'complexType' uses this</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:choice>
      <xs:element name="group" type="xs:groupRef"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:all"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:choice"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:sequence"/>
    </xs:choice>
  </xs:group>
  <xs:group name="nestedParticle">
    <xs:choice>
      <xs:element name="element" type="xs:localElement"/>
      <xs:element name="group" type="xs:groupRef"/>
      
      <xs:element ref="xs:choice"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:sequence"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:any"/>
    </xs:choice>
  </xs:group>
  <xs:group name="particle">
    <xs:choice>
      <xs:element name="element" type="xs:localElement"/>
      <xs:element name="group" type="xs:groupRef"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:all"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:choice"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:sequence"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:any"/>
    </xs:choice>
  </xs:group>
  <xs:complexType name="attribute">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element name="simpleType" type="xs:localSimpleType" minOccurs="0"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attributeGroup ref="xs:defRef"/>
        <xs:attribute name="type" type="xs:QName"/>
        <xs:attribute name="use" default="optional" use="optional">
          <xs:simpleType>
            <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
              <xs:enumeration value="prohibited"/>
              <xs:enumeration value="optional"/>
              <xs:enumeration value="required"/>
            </xs:restriction>
          </xs:simpleType>
        </xs:attribute>
        <xs:attribute name="default" type="xs:string"/>
        <xs:attribute name="fixed" type="xs:string"/>
        <xs:attribute name="form" type="xs:formChoice"/>
        <xs:attribute name="targetNamespace" type="xs:anyURI"/>
      </xs:extension>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="topLevelAttribute">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:attribute">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"/>
          <xs:element name="simpleType" type="xs:localSimpleType" minOccurs="0"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="ref" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="form" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="use" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="targetNamespace" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:NCName" use="required"/>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:group name="attrDecls">
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:choice minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
        <xs:element name="attribute" type="xs:attribute"/>
        <xs:element name="attributeGroup" type="xs:attributeGroupRef"/>
      </xs:choice>
      <xs:element ref="xs:anyAttribute" minOccurs="0"/>
    </xs:sequence>
  </xs:group>
  <xs:element name="anyAttribute" type="xs:wildcard" id="anyAttribute">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-anyAttribute"/>
    </xs:annotation>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:group name="assertions">
    <xs:sequence>
      
      <xs:element name="assert" type="xs:assertion"
                  minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
    </xs:sequence>
  </xs:group>
  <xs:complexType name="assertion">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
        
        <xs:attribute name="test" type="xs:string"/>
        <xs:attribute name="xpathDefaultNamespace" type="xs:xpathDefaultNamespace"/>
      </xs:extension>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:group name="complexTypeModel">
    <xs:choice>
      <xs:element ref="xs:simpleContent"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:complexContent"/>
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:annotation>
          <xs:documentation>
   This branch is short for
   &lt;complexContent>
   &lt;restriction base="xs:anyType">
   ...
   &lt;/restriction>
   &lt;/complexContent></xs:documentation>
        </xs:annotation>
        <xs:element ref="xs:openContent" minOccurs="0"/>
        <xs:group ref="xs:typeDefParticle" minOccurs="0"/>
        <xs:group ref="xs:attrDecls"/>
        <xs:group ref="xs:assertions"/>
      </xs:sequence>
    </xs:choice>
  </xs:group>
  <xs:complexType name="complexType" abstract="true">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
        <xs:group ref="xs:complexTypeModel"/>
        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:NCName">
          <xs:annotation>
            <xs:documentation>
      Will be restricted to required or prohibited</xs:documentation>
          </xs:annotation>
        </xs:attribute>
        <xs:attribute name="mixed" type="xs:boolean" use="optional">
          <xs:annotation>
            <xs:documentation>
      Not allowed if simpleContent child is chosen.
      May be overridden by setting on complexContent child.</xs:documentation>
          </xs:annotation>
        </xs:attribute>
        <xs:attribute name="abstract" type="xs:boolean" default="false"
                      use="optional"/>
        <xs:attribute name="final" type="xs:derivationSet"/>
        <xs:attribute name="block" type="xs:derivationSet"/>
        <xs:attribute name="defaultAttributesApply" type="xs:boolean"
                      default="true" use="optional"/>
      </xs:extension>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="topLevelComplexType">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:complexType">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"/>
          <xs:group ref="xs:complexTypeModel"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:NCName" use="required"/>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="localComplexType">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:complexType">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"/>
          <xs:group ref="xs:complexTypeModel"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="name" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="abstract" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="final" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="block" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="restrictionType">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:choice minOccurs="0">
            
            <xs:sequence>
              <xs:element ref="xs:openContent" minOccurs="0"/>
              <xs:group ref="xs:typeDefParticle"/>
            </xs:sequence>
            <xs:group ref="xs:simpleRestrictionModel"/>
          </xs:choice>
          <xs:group ref="xs:attrDecls"/>
          <xs:group ref="xs:assertions"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="base" type="xs:QName" use="required"/>
      </xs:extension>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="complexRestrictionType">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:restrictionType">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"/>
          <xs:choice minOccurs="0">
            <xs:annotation>
              <xs:documentation>This choice is added simply to
                   make this a valid restriction per the REC</xs:documentation>
            </xs:annotation>
            
            <xs:sequence>
              <xs:element ref="xs:openContent" minOccurs="0"/>
              <xs:group ref="xs:typeDefParticle"/>
            </xs:sequence>
          </xs:choice>
          <xs:group ref="xs:attrDecls"/>
          <xs:group ref="xs:assertions"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="extensionType">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element ref="xs:openContent" minOccurs="0"/>
          <xs:group ref="xs:typeDefParticle" minOccurs="0"/>
          <xs:group ref="xs:attrDecls"/>
          <xs:group ref="xs:assertions"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="base" type="xs:QName" use="required"/>
        
      </xs:extension>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:element name="complexContent" id="complexContent">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-complexContent"/>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexContent>
        <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
          <xs:choice>
            <xs:element name="restriction" type="xs:complexRestrictionType"/>
            <xs:element name="extension" type="xs:extensionType"/>
          </xs:choice>
          <xs:attribute name="mixed" type="xs:boolean">
            <xs:annotation>
              <xs:documentation>
       Overrides any setting on complexType parent.</xs:documentation>
            </xs:annotation>
          </xs:attribute>
        </xs:extension>
      </xs:complexContent>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="openContent" id="openContent">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-openContent"/>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexContent>
        <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
          <xs:sequence>
            <xs:element name="any" minOccurs="0" type="xs:wildcard"/>
          </xs:sequence>
          <xs:attribute name="mode" default="interleave" use="optional">
            <xs:simpleType>
              <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
                <xs:enumeration value="none"/>
                <xs:enumeration value="interleave"/>
                <xs:enumeration value="suffix"/>
              </xs:restriction>
            </xs:simpleType>
          </xs:attribute>
          
        </xs:extension>
      </xs:complexContent>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="defaultOpenContent" id="defaultOpenContent">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-defaultOpenContent"/>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexContent>
        <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
          <xs:sequence>
            <xs:element name="any" type="xs:wildcard"/>
          </xs:sequence>
          <xs:attribute name="appliesToEmpty" type="xs:boolean"
                        default="false" use="optional"/>
          <xs:attribute name="mode" default="interleave" use="optional">
            <xs:simpleType>
              <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
                <xs:enumeration value="interleave"/>
                <xs:enumeration value="suffix"/>
              </xs:restriction>
            </xs:simpleType>
          </xs:attribute>
          
        </xs:extension>
      </xs:complexContent>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:complexType name="simpleRestrictionType">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:restrictionType">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"/>
          <xs:choice minOccurs="0">
            <xs:annotation>
              <xs:documentation>This choice is added simply to
                   make this a valid restriction per the REC</xs:documentation>
            </xs:annotation>
            <xs:group ref="xs:simpleRestrictionModel"/>
          </xs:choice>
          <xs:group ref="xs:attrDecls"/>
          <xs:group ref="xs:assertions"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="simpleExtensionType">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:extensionType">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:annotation>
            <xs:documentation>
      No typeDefParticle group reference</xs:documentation>
          </xs:annotation>
          <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"/>
          <xs:group ref="xs:attrDecls"/>
          <xs:group ref="xs:assertions"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:element name="simpleContent" id="simpleContent">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-simpleContent"/>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexContent>
        <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
          <xs:choice>
            <xs:element name="restriction" type="xs:simpleRestrictionType"/>
            <xs:element name="extension" type="xs:simpleExtensionType"/>
          </xs:choice>
        </xs:extension>
      </xs:complexContent>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="complexType" type="xs:topLevelComplexType" id="complexType">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-complexType"/>
    </xs:annotation>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:simpleType name="blockSet">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
    A utility type, not for public use</xs:documentation>
      <xs:documentation>
    #all or (possibly empty) subset of {substitution, extension,
    restriction}</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:union>
      <xs:simpleType>
        <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
          <xs:enumeration value="#all"/>
        </xs:restriction>
      </xs:simpleType>
      <xs:simpleType>
        <xs:list>
          <xs:simpleType>
            <xs:restriction base="xs:derivationControl">
              <xs:enumeration value="extension"/>
              <xs:enumeration value="restriction"/>
              <xs:enumeration value="substitution"/>
            </xs:restriction>
          </xs:simpleType>
        </xs:list>
      </xs:simpleType>
    </xs:union>
  </xs:simpleType>
  <xs:complexType name="element" abstract="true">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   The element element can be used either
   at the top level to define an element-type binding globally,
   or within a content model to either reference a globally-defined
   element or type or declare an element-type binding locally.
   The ref form is not allowed at the top level.</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:choice minOccurs="0">
            <xs:element name="simpleType" type="xs:localSimpleType"/>
            <xs:element name="complexType" type="xs:localComplexType"/>
          </xs:choice>
          <xs:element name="alternative" type="xs:altType" 
                    minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
          <xs:group ref="xs:identityConstraint" minOccurs="0"
                    maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attributeGroup ref="xs:defRef"/>
        <xs:attribute name="type" type="xs:QName"/>
        
        <xs:attribute name="substitutionGroup">
         <xs:simpleType>
          <xs:list itemType="xs:QName"/>
         </xs:simpleType>
        </xs:attribute>
        <xs:attributeGroup ref="xs:occurs"/>
        <xs:attribute name="default" type="xs:string"/>
        <xs:attribute name="fixed" type="xs:string"/>
        <xs:attribute name="nillable" type="xs:boolean" default="false"
                      use="optional"/>
        <xs:attribute name="abstract" type="xs:boolean" default="false"
                      use="optional"/>
        <xs:attribute name="final" type="xs:derivationSet"/>
        <xs:attribute name="block" type="xs:blockSet"/>
        <xs:attribute name="form" type="xs:formChoice"/>
        <xs:attribute name="targetNamespace" type="xs:anyURI"/>
      </xs:extension>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="topLevelElement">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:element">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"/>
          <xs:choice minOccurs="0">
            <xs:element name="simpleType" type="xs:localSimpleType"/>
            <xs:element name="complexType" type="xs:localComplexType"/>
          </xs:choice>
          <xs:element name="alternative" type="xs:altType" 
                    minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
          <xs:group ref="xs:identityConstraint" minOccurs="0"
                    maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="ref" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="form" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="targetNamespace" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="minOccurs" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="maxOccurs" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:NCName" use="required"/>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="localElement">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:element">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"/>
          <xs:choice minOccurs="0">
            <xs:element name="simpleType" type="xs:localSimpleType"/>
            <xs:element name="complexType" type="xs:localComplexType"/>
          </xs:choice>
          <xs:element name="alternative" type="xs:altType" 
                    minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
          <xs:group ref="xs:identityConstraint" minOccurs="0"
                    maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="substitutionGroup" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="final" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="abstract" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:element name="element" type="xs:topLevelElement" id="element">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-element"/>
    </xs:annotation>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:complexType name="altType">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
        This type is used for 'alternative' elements.
      </xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
        <xs:choice minOccurs="0">
          <xs:element name="simpleType" type="xs:localSimpleType"/>
          <xs:element name="complexType" type="xs:localComplexType"/>
        </xs:choice>
        <xs:attribute name="test" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
        <xs:attribute name="type" type="xs:QName" use="optional"/>
        <xs:attribute name="xpathDefaultNamespace" type="xs:xpathDefaultNamespace"/>
      </xs:extension>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:simpleType name="restrictedXPathExpr">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
        This type is used for XPath expressions in assertions, 
        identity constraints, and conditional type assignment.
      </xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:restriction base="xs:string"/>
  </xs:simpleType>
  <xs:complexType name="group" abstract="true">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   group type for explicit groups, named top-level groups and
   group references</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
        
          <xs:group ref="xs:particle" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
          
        <xs:attributeGroup ref="xs:defRef"/>
        <xs:attributeGroup ref="xs:occurs"/>
      </xs:extension>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="realGroup">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:group">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"/>
          <xs:choice minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1">
            <xs:element ref="xs:all"/>
            <xs:element ref="xs:choice"/>
            <xs:element ref="xs:sequence"/>
          </xs:choice>
          
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="namedGroup">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:realGroup">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"/>
          <xs:choice minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1">
            <xs:element name="all">
              <xs:complexType>
                <xs:complexContent>
                  <xs:restriction base="xs:all">
                    <xs:group ref="xs:allModel"/>
                    <xs:attribute name="minOccurs" use="prohibited"/>
                    <xs:attribute name="maxOccurs" use="prohibited"/>
                    <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
                  </xs:restriction>
                </xs:complexContent>
              </xs:complexType>
            </xs:element>
            <xs:element name="choice" type="xs:simpleExplicitGroup"/>
            <xs:element name="sequence" type="xs:simpleExplicitGroup"/>
          </xs:choice>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:NCName" use="required"/>
        <xs:attribute name="ref" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="minOccurs" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="maxOccurs" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="groupRef">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:realGroup">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="ref" type="xs:QName" use="required"/>
        <xs:attribute name="name" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="explicitGroup">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   group type for the three kinds of group</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:group">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"/>
          <xs:group ref="xs:nestedParticle" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="name" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="ref" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="simpleExplicitGroup">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:explicitGroup">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"/>
          <xs:group ref="xs:nestedParticle" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="minOccurs" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:attribute name="maxOccurs" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:group name="allModel">
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"/>
      <xs:choice minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
        <xs:annotation>
          <xs:documentation>This choice with min/max is here to
                          avoid a pblm with the Elt:All/Choice/Seq
                          Particle derivation constraint</xs:documentation>
        </xs:annotation>
        <xs:element name="element" type="xs:localElement"/>
        <xs:element ref="xs:any"/>
      </xs:choice>
    </xs:sequence>
  </xs:group>
  <xs:complexType name="all">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   Only elements allowed inside</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:explicitGroup">
        <xs:group ref="xs:allModel"/>
        <xs:attribute name="minOccurs" default="1" use="optional">
          <xs:simpleType>
            <xs:restriction base="xs:nonNegativeInteger">
              <xs:enumeration value="0"/>
              <xs:enumeration value="1"/>
            </xs:restriction>
          </xs:simpleType>
        </xs:attribute>
        <xs:attribute name="maxOccurs" default="1" use="optional">
          <xs:simpleType>
            <xs:restriction base="xs:allNNI">
              <xs:enumeration value="1"/>
            </xs:restriction>
          </xs:simpleType>
        </xs:attribute>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:element name="all" type="xs:all" id="all">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation source="../structures/structures.html#element-all"/>
    </xs:annotation>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="choice" type="xs:explicitGroup" id="choice">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-choice"/>
    </xs:annotation>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="sequence" type="xs:explicitGroup" id="sequence">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-sequence"/>
    </xs:annotation>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="group" type="xs:namedGroup" id="group">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation source="../structures/structures.html#element-group"/>
    </xs:annotation>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:attributeGroup name="anyAttrGroup">
    <xs:attribute name="namespace" type="xs:namespaceList"
                  use="optional"/>
    <xs:attribute name="notNamespace" type="xs:basicNamespaceList"
                  use="optional"/>
    <xs:attribute name="notQName" type="xs:qnameList"
                  use="optional"/>
    <xs:attribute name="processContents" default="strict" use="optional">
      <xs:simpleType>
        <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
          <xs:enumeration value="skip"/>
          <xs:enumeration value="lax"/>
          <xs:enumeration value="strict"/>
        </xs:restriction>
      </xs:simpleType>
    </xs:attribute>
  </xs:attributeGroup>
  <xs:complexType name="wildcard">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
        
         <xs:attributeGroup ref="xs:anyAttrGroup"/>
      </xs:extension>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:element name="any" id="any">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation source="../structures/structures.html#element-any"/>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexContent>
        <xs:extension base="xs:wildcard">
          <xs:attributeGroup ref="xs:occurs"/>
        </xs:extension>
      </xs:complexContent>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:documentation>
   simple type for the value of the 'namespace' attr of
   'any' and 'anyAttribute'</xs:documentation>
  </xs:annotation>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:documentation>
   Value is
              ##any      - - any non-conflicting WFXML/attribute at all

              ##other    - - any non-conflicting WFXML/attribute from
                              namespace other than targetNS

              ##local    - - any unqualified non-conflicting WFXML/attribute 

              one or     - - any non-conflicting WFXML/attribute from
              more URI        the listed namespaces
              references
              (space separated)

    ##targetNamespace or ##local may appear in the above list, to
        refer to the targetNamespace of the enclosing
        schema or an absent targetNamespace respectively</xs:documentation>
  </xs:annotation>
  <xs:simpleType name="namespaceList">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   A utility type, not for public use</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    
    <xs:union memberTypes="xs:specialNamespaceList xs:basicNamespaceList" />
  </xs:simpleType>
  <xs:simpleType name="basicNamespaceList">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   A utility type, not for public use</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:list>
      <xs:simpleType>
        <xs:union memberTypes="xs:anyURI">
          <xs:simpleType>
            <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
              <xs:enumeration value="##targetNamespace"/>
              <xs:enumeration value="##local"/>
            </xs:restriction>
          </xs:simpleType>
        </xs:union>
      </xs:simpleType>
    </xs:list>
  </xs:simpleType>
  <xs:simpleType name="specialNamespaceList">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   A utility type, not for public use</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
      <xs:enumeration value="##any"/>
      <xs:enumeration value="##other"/>
    </xs:restriction>
  </xs:simpleType>
  <xs:simpleType name="qnameList">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
        A utility type, not for public use
      </xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:list>
      <xs:simpleType>
        <xs:union memberTypes="xs:QName">
          <xs:simpleType>
            <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
              <xs:enumeration value="##defined"/>↑
              <xs:enumeration value="##definedSibling"/>↑
            </xs:restriction>
          </xs:simpleType>
        </xs:union>
      </xs:simpleType>
    </xs:list>
  </xs:simpleType>
  <xs:simpleType name="xpathDefaultNamespace">
    <xs:union memberTypes="xs:anyURI">
      <xs:simpleType>
        <xs:restriction base="xs:token">
          <xs:enumeration value="##defaultNamespace"/>
          <xs:enumeration value="##targetNamespace"/>
          <xs:enumeration value="##local"/>
        </xs:restriction>
      </xs:simpleType>
    </xs:union>
  </xs:simpleType>
  <xs:element name="attribute" type="xs:topLevelAttribute" id="attribute">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-attribute"/>
    </xs:annotation>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:complexType name="attributeGroup" abstract="true">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
        
          <xs:group ref="xs:attrDecls"/>
          
        <xs:attributeGroup ref="xs:defRef"/>
      </xs:extension>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="namedAttributeGroup">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:attributeGroup">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"/>
          <xs:group ref="xs:attrDecls"/>
          
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:NCName" use="required"/>
        <xs:attribute name="ref" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="attributeGroupRef">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:restriction base="xs:attributeGroup">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element ref="xs:annotation" minOccurs="0"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="ref" type="xs:QName" use="required"/>
        <xs:attribute name="name" use="prohibited"/>
        <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:element name="attributeGroup" type="xs:namedAttributeGroup"
              id="attributeGroup">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-attributeGroup"/>
    </xs:annotation>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="include" id="include">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-include"/>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexContent>
        <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
          <xs:attribute name="schemaLocation" type="xs:anyURI" use="required"/>
        </xs:extension>
      </xs:complexContent>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="redefine" id="redefine">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-redefine"/>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexContent>
        <xs:extension base="xs:openAttrs">
          <xs:choice minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
            <xs:element ref="xs:annotation"/>
            <xs:group ref="xs:redefinable"/>
          </xs:choice>
          <xs:attribute name="schemaLocation" type="xs:anyURI" use="required"/>
          <xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:ID"/>
        </xs:extension>
      </xs:complexContent>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="import" id="import">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-import"/>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexContent>
        <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
          <xs:attribute name="namespace" type="xs:anyURI"/>
          <xs:attribute name="schemaLocation" type="xs:anyURI"/>
        </xs:extension>
      </xs:complexContent>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="selector" id="selector">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-selector"/>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexContent>
        <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
          <xs:attribute name="xpath" use="required">
            <xs:simpleType>
              <xs:annotation>
                <xs:documentation>A subset of XPath expressions for use
in selectors</xs:documentation>
                <xs:documentation>A utility type, not for public
use</xs:documentation>
              </xs:annotation>
              <xs:restriction base="xs:token"/>
                
            </xs:simpleType>
          </xs:attribute>
          <xs:attribute name="xpathDefaultNamespace" type="xs:xpathDefaultNamespace"/>
        </xs:extension>
      </xs:complexContent>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="field" id="field">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation source="../structures/structures.html#element-field"/>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexContent>
        <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
          <xs:attribute name="xpath" use="required">
            <xs:simpleType>
              <xs:annotation>
                <xs:documentation>A subset of XPath expressions for use
in fields</xs:documentation>
                <xs:documentation>A utility type, not for public
use</xs:documentation>
              </xs:annotation>
              <xs:restriction base="xs:token"/>
                
            </xs:simpleType>
          </xs:attribute>
          <xs:attribute name="xpathDefaultNamespace" type="xs:xpathDefaultNamespace"/>
        </xs:extension>
      </xs:complexContent>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:complexType name="keybase">
    <xs:complexContent>
      <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
        <xs:sequence minOccurs="0">
          <xs:element ref="xs:selector"/>
          <xs:element ref="xs:field" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:NCName"/>
        <xs:attribute name="ref" type="xs:QName"/>
      </xs:extension>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:group name="identityConstraint">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>The three kinds of identity constraints, all with
                     type of or derived from 'keybase'.
   </xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:choice>
      <xs:element ref="xs:unique"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:key"/>
      <xs:element ref="xs:keyref"/>
    </xs:choice>
  </xs:group>
  <xs:element name="unique" type="xs:keybase" id="unique">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-unique"/>
    </xs:annotation>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="key" type="xs:keybase" id="key">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation source="../structures/structures.html#element-key"/>
    </xs:annotation>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="keyref" id="keyref">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-keyref"/>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexContent>
        <xs:extension base="xs:keybase">
          <xs:attribute name="refer" type="xs:QName"/>
        </xs:extension>
      </xs:complexContent>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="notation" id="notation">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-notation"/>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexContent>
        <xs:extension base="xs:annotated">
          <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:NCName" use="required"/>
          <xs:attribute name="public" type="xs:public"/>
          <xs:attribute name="system" type="xs:anyURI"/>
        </xs:extension>
      </xs:complexContent>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:simpleType name="public">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   A utility type, not for public use</xs:documentation>
      <xs:documentation>
   A public identifier, per ISO 8879</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:restriction base="xs:token"/>
  </xs:simpleType>
  <xs:element name="appinfo" id="appinfo">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-appinfo"/>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexType mixed="true">
      <xs:sequence minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
        <xs:any processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:sequence>
      <xs:attribute name="source" type="xs:anyURI"/>
      <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="documentation" id="documentation">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-documentation"/>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexType mixed="true">
      <xs:sequence minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
        <xs:any processContents="lax"/>
      </xs:sequence>
      <xs:attribute name="source" type="xs:anyURI"/>
      <xs:attribute ref="xml:lang"/>
      <xs:anyAttribute namespace="##other" processContents="lax"/>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:element name="annotation" id="annotation">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation
           source="../structures/structures.html#element-annotation"/>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:complexContent>
        <xs:extension base="xs:openAttrs">
          <xs:choice minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
            <xs:element ref="xs:appinfo"/>
            <xs:element ref="xs:documentation"/>
          </xs:choice>
          <xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:ID"/>
        </xs:extension>
      </xs:complexContent>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:documentation>
   notations for use within  schema documents</xs:documentation>
  </xs:annotation>
  <xs:notation name="XMLSchemaStructures" public="structures"
               system="http://www.w3.org/2000/08/XMLSchema.xsd"/>
  <xs:notation name="XML" public="REC-xml-19980210"
               system="http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-xml-19980210"/>
  <xs:complexType name="anyType" mixed="true">
    <xs:annotation>
      <xs:documentation>
   Not the real urType, but as close an approximation as we can
   get in the XML representation</xs:documentation>
    </xs:annotation>
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:any minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" processContents="lax"/>
    </xs:sequence>
    <xs:anyAttribute processContents="lax"/>
  </xs:complexType>
</xs:schema>

W3C XML Schema Definition Language (XSD) 1.1 Part 1: Structures

Editor's Draft 14 April 2008

Status of this Document

Table of Contents

Appendices

3 Schema Component Details

3.10 Wildcards

3.10.1 The Wildcard Schema Component

3.10.2 XML Representation of Wildcard Schema Components

3.10.4 Wildcard Validation Rules

3.10.4.1 Item Valid (Wildcard)

3.10.4.2 Wildcard allows Expanded Name

3.10.4.3 Wildcard allows Namespace Name

3.10.6 Constraints on Wildcard Schema Components

3.10.6.1 Wildcard Properties Correct

3.10.6.2 Wildcard Subset

3.10.6.3 Attribute Wildcard Union

3.10.6.4 Attribute Wildcard Intersection

3.17 Schemas as a Whole

3.17.4 Validation Rules for Schemas as a Whole

A Schema for Schema Documents (Structures) (normative)