Re: PROV-ISSUE-6 (define-location): Definition for Concept 'Location' [Provenance Terminology]

Carl,
Martin,
and all,

I think we're all broadly agreed in principle.  So it comes down to what we 
actually have to say about location?

Some particular topics I pick out of the discussion:
- a location is an extent in space
- location may be expressed with respect to any frame of reference, which may be 
terrestrial (or other planet based), or based (ultimately) on some arbitrary object
- a frame of reference may occur at scales ranging from atomic to galactic and 
beyond
- location may be expressed within its frame of reference by a metric scheme 
(coordinates, etc.) or by qualitative relation to characteristic features of the 
reference object.

There's one thing in Martin's description I'd like to question: "Typically a 
location is a physically fixed point"; i.e. the reference to a "point".  I 
suspect this was not meant to imply a location can be a point, though it is 
common to see an extent implied by some (unspecified) proximity to a given point 
(e.g. saying one's home lies at a given map reference).  While this may be a 
common usage, I don't think it should form part of our definition of location. 
And if we do need to express point locations as well as extents, I think that 
needs careful handling.

#g
--

Carl Reed wrote:
> Martin -
> 
> All you state is correct. Since then, the OGC definition work in the has 
> gone much more "relative" :-) This because we now have folks 
> implementing OGC standards for brain scan applications, blood 
> circulatory systems, the moon, Mars, inside buildings (local engineering 
> CRS) and so forth.
> 
> However, please note that a CRS does not mean earth centric! A CRS can 
> be an engineering coordinate system for a building design, local such as 
> in surveying, dynamic such as for moving satellite platforms, and so forth.
> 
> There is a very interesting ISO standards that I have been involved in 
> on ubiquitous location and spatial reference systems. The are looking at 
> a model that allows for easy transition say from the usual earth centric 
> reference system (such as WGS 84-2d) into a shipboard reference and so 
> forth.
> 
> Cheers
> 
> Carl
> 
> ----- Original Message ----- From: "martin" <martin@ics.forth.gr>
> To: "Graham Klyne" <GK@ninebynine.org>
> Cc: "Carl Reed" <creed@opengeospatial.org>; <public-prov-wg@w3.org>
> Sent: Tuesday, May 24, 2011 11:18 AM
> Subject: Re: PROV-ISSUE-6 (define-location): Definition for Concept 
> 'Location' [Provenance Terminology]
> 
> 
>> I agree with the points given by Graham, with minor exceptions.
>> The ISO21127 elaboration is not a specialization of the OGC definition 
>> for
>> a community, just the opposite. When we discussed in the CRM working 
>> Group adopting the OGC definition,
>> we found it too narrow because it seems to be restricted to locations 
>> that can
>> be expressed in coordinate reference systems and geographic-scale,
>> but ISO21127 explicitly intended to comprise
>> OPENGIS at that time, in particular for dealing with relative 
>> coordinate systems.
>>
>> We found that references to locations in terms of characteristic 
>> features of an object, such as
>> "bow of a ship", "inner side of a wedding ring" "room G161" "front of 
>> a house" are not only culturally but also technically
>> important. They are referred to in ontological literature as segments, 
>> sections, portions or parts.
>> There are elaborate ontologies of such kind. In the proceedings of the 
>> ER Conference series,
>> many of these are published.
>>
>> This is exactly example (2) by Graham below, and I strongly support it. .
>>
>> I'd suggest something like that:
>>
>> "A location is an identifiable extent in space, in particular on the 
>> surface of the earth, in the sense of physics.
>> Typically a location is a physically fixed point, typically on the 
>> surface of the
>> Earth, though locations can be relative to other, local or global 
>> non-earth centric coordinate reference systems
>> or be relative to persistent features on material objects other than 
>> the earth. Non-earth centric coordinate reference systems may be
>> fixed on persistent mobile material objects."
>>
>> cheers,
>>
>> martin
>>
>>
>> On 5/24/2011 1:33 PM, Graham Klyne wrote:
>>> I think the notion of location should be as generic as possible.
>>>
>>> To this end, I'd like to pose an additional example, which comes from 
>>> a real scenario I've worked with, which suggests possible further uses
>>> of location provenance.
>>>
>>> I raise this because I think it's important that whatever definition 
>>> we adopt for location does not rule out using the information suggested
>>> by this use case as part of a record of provenance information.
>>>
>>> ...
>>>
>>> Researcher H is investigating genomics in Drosophila (fruit flies), 
>>> specifically genetic factors affecting spermatogenesis that may cause
>>> sterility. To this end, she creates in situ hybridization 
>>> (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_situ_hybridization) images of 
>>> Drosophila testes.
>>> Location information arises in a number of different ways:
>>>
>>> (1) starting from a microscopic image of testes treated to reveal 
>>> gene expression, the researcher looks for occurrences of interesting and
>>> clearly exposed gene expression patterns. These occurrences are 
>>> recorded as a slide number and a coordinate location within the slide 
>>> image.
>>>
>>> (2) the spatial location of the gene expression within the testis 
>>> structure gives a direct visual indication of the sperm development 
>>> stage
>>> at which a target gene is being expressed. This location is observed 
>>> and recorded as a keyword from a controlled vocabulary that relates the
>>> gene expression to a developmental stage.
>>>
>>> As well as creating microscopic images, the tissue samples are 
>>> subjected to a real-time PCR process
>>> (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymerase_chain_reaction) that gives a 
>>> quantitative indication of the levels of a particular gene expression
>>> product present in a sample. PCR is a batch process, where 
>>> preparations based on different samples (targetting different genes, 
>>> or different
>>> Drosophila species) are placed into different wells in a tray. This 
>>> leads to:
>>>
>>> (3) The PCR analyzer presents by reference to the location of the 
>>> various wells (identified by label or row/column position). The well
>>> locations are in turn linked to details of the sample that has been 
>>> placed in that well.
>>>
>>> Of these examples, I think that (1) and (3) are definitely part of 
>>> the provenance information for a result. (2) is less clear, and I'd 
>>> judge
>>> it to be part of the data rather than provenance information. But 
>>> researcher H has also performed some follow-on research to analyzes
>>> particular spatial patterns of gene expression, in which the 
>>> location-based developmental stage might conceivably be considered to be
>>> provenance information, in the sense of where the phenomenon was 
>>> observed to occur.
>>>
>>> #g
>>> -- 
>>>
>>>
>>> Carl Reed wrote:
>>>>
>>>> Martin -
>>>>
>>>> A shorter version as defined in ISO 19112 and used by the OGC (since 
>>>> this was a jointly developed definition) is:
>>>>
>>>> Location: Identifiable geographic place [ISO 19112]. Typically a 
>>>> location is a physically fixed point, typically on the surface of the
>>>> Earth, though locations can be relative to other, non-earth centric 
>>>> coordinate reference systems.
>>>>
>>>> I also noticed that the the European INSPIRE community working on 
>>>> cultural heritage sites are using CIDOC/21127 as well as additional OGC
>>>> references, such as the URN syntax for spatial reference systems.
>>>>
>>>> Suffice to say, the definition for location in 21127 is a community 
>>>> elaboration of the more general OGC/ISO definition. We may need some
>>>> such additional clarification for the provenance work - such as 
>>>> dealing with data provenance for articles, maps, charts, etc for the 
>>>> moon,
>>>> Mars, and so forth.
>>>>
>>>> Regards
>>>>
>>>> Carl
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>
>>
>> -- 
>>
>> --------------------------------------------------------------
>>  Dr. Martin Doerr              |  Vox:+30(2810)391625        |
>>  Research Director             |  Fax:+30(2810)391638        |
>>                                |  Email: martin@ics.forth.gr |
>>                                                              |
>>                Center for Cultural Informatics               |
>>                Information Systems Laboratory                |
>>                 Institute of Computer Science                |
>>    Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH)   |
>>                                                              |
>>  Vassilika Vouton,P.O.Box1385,GR71110 Heraklion,Crete,Greece |
>>                                                              |
>>          Web-site: http://www.ics.forth.gr/isl               |
>> --------------------------------------------------------------
>>
>>
> 
> 

Received on Tuesday, 24 May 2011 20:30:01 UTC