Citation Example

This example is based on the Citation Proposal to Schema.org which resulted in the citation property being promoted from MedicalScholarlyArticle to CreativeWork.

RDFa

<div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
  prefix="schema: http://schema.org/"
  >
  <div typeof="schema:ScholarlyArticle">
    <div rel="schema:citation">
      <div typeof="schema:Book">
        <div property="schema:datePublished">2004</div>
        <div property="schema:name">The Dinosauria</div>
        <div rel="schema:author">
          <div typeof="schema:Person">
            <div property="schema:givenName">MC</div>
            <div property="schema:familyName">Langer</div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div rel="schema:url" resource="http://books.google.co.uk/books?vid=ISBN9780520242098"></div>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div rel="schema:citation">
      <div typeof="schema:ScholarlyArticle">
        <div property="schema:datePublished">1991</div>
        <div property="schema:name">Basal archosaurs: phylogenetic relationships and functional implications</div>
        <div rel="schema:author">
          <div typeof="schema:Person">
            <div property="schema:givenName">PD</div>
            <div property="schema:familyName">Sereno</div>
          </div>
        </div>
        <div rel="schema:url" resource="http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3889336"></div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
 </div>

Microdata

<article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle">
  <p>In each of the successively more derived clades Ornithodira, Dinosauria, and Saurischia, the primitive state was an increasingly long neck 
(<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3889336" title="Basal archosaurs: phylogenetic relationships and functional implications" data-rid="ref-1">Sereno, 1991a</a>; 
<a href="http://books.google.co.uk/books?vid=ISBN9780520242098" title="The Dinosauria" data-rid="ref-2">Langer, 2004</a>).</p>

  <ul id="references">
    <li itemprop="citation" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle" id="ref-1">
      <span itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person">
        <span itemprop="familyName">Sereno</span> <span itemprop="givenName">PD</span>
      </span> 
      (<span itemprop="datePublished">1991</span>)
      <cite itemprop="name"><a itemprop="url" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3889336">Basal archosaurs: phylogenetic relationships and functional implications</a></cite>
      <span>
        <cite class="source">Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir</cite> <span class="volume">2</span>:<span class="fpage">1</span>
      </span>
    </li>

    <li itemprop="citation" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Book" id="ref-2">
      <span itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person">
        <span itemprop="familyName">Langer</span> <span itemprop="givenName">MC</span>
      </span> 
      (<span itemprop="datePublished">2004</span>)
      <cite itemprop="name"><a itemprop="url" href="http://books.google.co.uk/books?vid=ISBN9780520242098">The Dinosauria</a></cite>
    </li>
  </ul>
</article>

Expressed Using Turtle

@prefix : <http://schema.org/> .

[] a :ScholarlyArticle;
  :citation
    [ a :Book;
        :author [ a :Person; :familyName "Langer"; :givenName "MC" ];
        :datePublished "2004";
        :name "The Dinosauria";
        :url <http://books.google.co.uk/books?vid=ISBN9780520242098> ],
    [ a :ScholarlyArticle;
        :author [ a :Person; :familyName "Sereno"; :givenName "PD" ];
        :datePublished "1991";
        :name "Basal archosaurs: phylogenetic relationships and functional implications";
        :url <http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3889336> ] .

Example of an unstructured citation

<li itemprop="citation">Miyazaki N. 2002. Teeth. In: Perrin WF, Würsig B, Thewissen JGM, eds. Encyclopedia of marine mammals 
(1st ed.) San Diego: Academic Press. 1227-1232</li>

Example of an unstructured citation with known type

<li itemprop="citation" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle">Udvarhelyi, I.S., Gatsonis, C.A., Epstein, A.M., 
Pashos, C.L., Newhouse, J.P. and McNeil, B.J.   Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Medicare population: process of care and 
clinical outcomes. Journal of the American Medical Association, 1992; 18:2530-2536.</li>