Computer Lexicons

The technologies of parallel markup, XSLT-enhanced XML include, XML macros and XSLT extensions, argumentation format and ontologies, may be of additional use to computer lexicons, including in mathematical contexts.

<entry>
  ...
  <pronunciation>
    <data type="multipart/alternative">
      <data type="application/pls+xml">...</data>
      <data type="application/ssml+xml">...</data>
    </data>
  </pronunciation>
  <definition>
    <data type="multipart/alternative">
      <data ...><!-- RIF --></data>
      <data ...><!-- RuleML --></data>
      <data ...><!-- SWRL --></data>
    </data>
  </definition>
  ...
</entry>

In addition to lexical categories, or parts of speech, are syntactic categories and grammatical categories (agency, animacy, aspect, case, clusivity, comparison, definiteness, evidentiality, focus, gender, mirativity, modality, mood, noun class, number, person, polarity, tense, topic, transitivity, valency and voice).

Resultant XML from XSLT-enhanced XML include and XML macros can utilize parallel markup including for the machine-utilizable semantics of the definitions of mathematical concepts and expressions as well as for multilingual speech synthesis.

For example, XML resembling:

<macro:plus>
  <macro:var xref="#x" />
  <macro:var xref="#y" />
</macro:plus>

can expand to something like:

...
<data type="multipart/alternative">
  <data type="application/ssml+xml" xml:lang="de">...</data>
  <data type="application/ssml+xml" xml:lang="en">...</data>
  <data type="application/ssml+xml" xml:lang="es">...</data>
  <data type="application/ssml+xml" xml:lang="fr">...</data>
</data>
...
<data type="application/mathml-presentation+xml">...</data>
...
<data type="multipart/alternative">
  ...
  <data type="application/openmath+xml">...</data>
  <data type="application/mathml-content+xml">...</data>
  ...
</data>
...

See Also

• Apple Dictionary Services Markup
• Association for Computational Linguistics Special Interest Group on the Lexicon
• CogALex
• EPUB3 (Dictionaries and Glossaries)
• Grammatical Framework
• MOLTO Mathematical Grammar Library
• Open Lexicon Interchange Format (OLIF)
• Ontology-Lexica Community Group
• Text Encoding Initiative (TEI)
• WordNet