List of Checkpoints for User Agent Accessibility Guidelines
1.0
14 July 2001
- This version:
-
http://www.w3.org/WAI/UA/WD-UAAG10-20010714/uaag10-chklist
- (Formats: plain text, PostScript,
PDF)
- This document is an appendix to:
-
http://www.w3.org/WAI/UA/WD-UAAG10-20010714/
- Latest version of User Agent Accessibility Guidelines 1.0:
-
http://www.w3.org/WAI/UA/UAAG10/
- Editors:
- Ian Jacobs, W3C
Jon Gunderson, University of Illinois at
Urbana-Champaign
Eric Hansen, Educational Testing Service
Copyright © 1999 - 2001 W3C® (MIT,
INRIA, Keio), All Rights
Reserved. W3C
liability,
trademark, document
use and software
licensing rules apply.
This document is an appendix to "User Agent Accessibility Guidelines 1.0"
[UAAG10]. It provides a list of all checkpoints from the User Agent
Accessibility Guidelines 1.0, organized by concept, as a checklist for user
agent developers. Please refer to the Guidelines document for introductory
information, information about related documents, a glossary of terms, and
more.
This list may be used to review a tool or set of tools for accessibility.
For each checkpoint, indicate whether the checkpoint has been satisfied, has
not been satisfied, or is not applicable.
A tabular version of the list of
checkpoints is also available (e.g., for printing).
This section describes the status of this document at the time of its
publication. Other documents may supersede this document. The latest status of
this document series is maintained at the W3C.
This document is an appendix to a Working Draft. It is a draft document and
may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is
inappropriate to use W3C Working Drafts as reference material or to cite them
as other than "work in progress". This is work in progress and does not imply
endorsement by, or the consensus of, W3C Members.
Please send comments about this document to the public mailing list w3c-wai-ua@w3.org; public archives are
available.
This document has been produced as part of the Web Accessibility Initiative. WAI
Accessibility Guidelines are produced as part of the WAI Technical Activity. The
goal of the WAI User Agent Accessibility
Guidelines Working Group is discussed in the Working Group
charter.
A list of current W3C Recommendations and
other technical documents can be found at the W3C Web site.
Priorities
Each checkpoint in this document is assigned a priority that indicates its
importance for users with disabilities.
- Priority 1
(P1)
- This checkpoint must be satisfied by user agents,
otherwise one or more groups of users with disabilities will find it impossible
to access the Web. Satisfying this checkpoint is a basic requirement for
enabling some people to access the Web.
- Priority 2
(P2)
- This checkpoint should be satisfied by user agents,
otherwise one or more groups of users with disabilities will find it difficult
to access the Web. Satisfying this checkpoint will remove significant barriers
to Web access for some people.
- Priority 3
(P3)
- This checkpoint may be satisfied by user agents to make it
easier for one or more groups of users with disabilities to access information.
Satisfying this checkpoint will improve access to the Web for some people.
Priority 1 checkpoints
- Checkpoint 1.1 Full
keyboard access. (P1)
- Ensure that the user can operate through keyboard input alone any user
agent functionality available through the user interface.
For both content and user agent .
(Techniques for 1.1)
- Checkpoint
1.2 Activate event handlers. (P1)
- For the element with content focus, allow the user to activate any
explicitly associated input device event handlers through keyboard input
alone.
- The user agent is not required to allow activation of event handlers
associated with a given device (e.g., the pointing device) in any order other
than what the device itself allows.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 1.2)
- Checkpoint 1.3 Provide text
messages. (P1)
- Ensure that every message (e.g., prompt, alert, notification, etc.) that is
a non-text element and is part of the user agent user interface has a text
equivalent.
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 1.3)
- Checkpoint 2.1 Render
by specification. (P1)
- Render content according to format specification (e.g., for a markup
language or style sheet).
- When a rendering requirement of another specification contradicts a
requirement of the current document, the user agent may disregard the rendering
requirement of the other specification and still satisfy this checkpoint.
- Rendering requirements include format-defined interactions between author
preferences and user preferences/capabilities (e.g., when to render the
"
alt
" attribute in HTML, the rendering order of nested
OBJECT
elements in HTML, test attributes in SMIL, and the cascade in
CSS2).
For all content .
(Techniques for 2.1)
- Checkpoint 2.2 Provide
text view. (P1)
- For text formats, provide a view of the text source. For the purposes of
this document, text formats are defined to be:
- all media objects given an Internet media type of "text" (e.g., text/plain,
text/HTML, or text/*) as defined in RFC 2046 [RFC2046],
section 4.1.
- all SGML and XML applications, regardless of Internet media type (e.g.,
HTML 4.01, XHTML 1.1, SMIL, SVG, etc.).
For all content .
(Techniques for 2.2)
- Checkpoint 2.3 Render
conditional content. (P1)
- Allow configuration to provide access to each piece of unrendered
conditional content "C".
- The configuration may be a switch that, for all content, turns on or off
the access mechanisms described in the next provision.
- When a specification does not explain how to provide access to this
content, do so as follows:
- If C is a summary, title, alternative, description, or expansion of another
piece of content D, provide access through at least one of the following
mechanisms:
- (1a) render C in place of D;
- (2a) render C in addition to D;
- (3a) provide access to C by querying D. In this case, the user agent must
also alert the user, on a per-element basis, to the existence of C (so that the
user knows to query D);
- (4a) allow the user to follow a link to C from the context of D.
- Otherwise, provide access to C through at least one of the following
mechanisms:
- (1b) render a placeholder for C, and allow the user to view the original
author-supplied content associated with each placeholder;
- (2b) provide access to C by query (e.g., allow the user to query an element
for its attributes). In this case, the user agent must also alert the user, on
a per-element basis, to the existence of C;
- (3b) allow the user to follow a link in context to C.
- To satisfy this checkpoint, the user agent may provide access on a
per-element basis (e.g., by allowing the user to query individual elements) or
for all elements (e.g., by offering a configuration to render conditional
content all the time).
For all content .
(Techniques for 2.3)
- Checkpoint 2.4 Allow
time-independent interaction. (P1)
- For content where user input is only possible within a finite time interval
controlled by the user agent, allow configuration to make the time interval
"infinite". Do this by pausing automatically at the end of each time interval
where user input is possible, and resuming automatically after the user has
explicitly completed input.
- In this configuration, alert the user when the session has been paused and
which enabled elements are time-sensitive.
- When the user pauses a real-time presentation, the user agent may discard
packets that continue to arrive during the pause.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 2.4)
- Checkpoint
2.5 Make captions, transcripts available.
(P1)
- Allow configuration or control so that text transcripts, collated text
transcripts, captions, and auditory descriptions are rendered at the same time
as the associated audio tracks and visual tracks.
For all content .
(Techniques for 2.5)
- Checkpoint 2.6 Respect
synchronization cues. (P1)
- Respect synchronization cues during rendering.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 2.6)
- Checkpoint
3.1 Toggle background images.
(P1)
- Allow configuration not to render background images.
- In this configuration, the user agent is not required to retrieve
background images from the Web.
- This checkpoint only requires control of background images for "two-layered
renderings", i.e., one rendered background image with all other content
rendered "above it".
For all content .
(Techniques for 3.1)
- Checkpoint 3.2 Toggle
audio, video, animated images. (P1)
- Allow configuration not to render audio, video, or animated images except
on explicit user request. This configuration is required for content rendered
without any user interaction (including content rendered on load or as the
result of a script), as well as content rendered as the result of user
interaction (e.g., when the user activates a link).
- The user agent may satisfy this checkpoint by making video and animated
images invisible and audio silent, but this technique is not recommended.
- When configured not to render content except on explicit user request, the
user agent is not required to retrieve the audio, video, or animated image from
the Web until requested by the user.
For all content .
(Techniques for 3.2)
- Checkpoint 3.3 Toggle
animated/blinking text. (P1)
- Allow configuration to render animated or blinking text as motionless,
unblinking text. Blinking text is text whose visual rendering alternates
between visible and invisible, any rate of change.
- In this configuration, the user must still have access to the same text
content, but the user agent may render it in a separate viewport (e.g., for
large amounts of streaming text).
- The user agent also satisfies this checkpoint by always rendering animated
or blinking text as motionless, unblinking text.
For all content .
(Techniques for 3.3)
- Checkpoint 3.4 Toggle
scripts. (P1)
- Allow configuration not to execute any executable content (e.g., scripts
and applets).
- In this configuration, provide an option to alert the user when executable
content is available (but has not been executed).
- The user agent is only required to alert the user to the presence of more
than zero scripts or applets (i.e., per-element alerts are not required).
For all content .
(Techniques for 3.4)
- Checkpoint
3.5 Toggle content refresh. (P1)
- Allow configuration so that the user agent only refreshes content on
explicit user request.
- In this configuration, alert the user of the refresh rate specified in
content, and allow the user to request fresh content manually (e.g., by
following a link or confirming a prompt).
- When the user chooses not to refresh content, the user agent may ignore
that content; buffering is not required.
- This checkpoint only applies when the user agent (not the server)
automatically initiates the request for fresh content.
For all content .
(Techniques for 3.5)
- Checkpoint
4.1 Configure text size. (P1)
- Allow global configuration and control over the reference size of visually
rendered text, with an option to override reference sizes specified by the
author or user agent defaults.
- Allow the user to choose from among the full range of font sizes offered by
the conventional font selection mechanism of the operating environment. If the
operating environment does not offer a font selection mechanism, allow the user
to choose any size offered by the conventional text drawing services of the
operating environment.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 4.1)
- Checkpoint
4.2 Configure font family. (P1)
- Allow global configuration of the font family of all visually rendered
text, with an option to override font families specified by the author or by
user agent defaults.
- Allow the user to choose from among the full range of font families offered
by the conventional font selection mechanism of the operating environment.
- For text that cannot be rendered properly using the user's preferred font
family, the user agent may substitute an alternative font family.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 4.2)
- Checkpoint
4.3 Configure text colors. (P1)
- Allow global configuration of the foreground and background color of all
visually rendered text, with an option to override foreground and background
colors specified by the author or user agent defaults.
- Allow the user to choose from among the full range of colors offered by the
conventional color selection mechanism of the operating environment.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 4.3)
- Checkpoint 4.4 Slow
multimedia. (P1)
- Allow the user to slow the presentation rate of audio and animations
(including video and animated images).
- For a visual track, provide at least one setting between 40% and 60% of the
original speed.
- For a prerecorded audio track including audio-only presentations, provide
at least one setting between 75% and 80% of the original speed.
- When the user agent allows the user to slow the visual track of a
synchronized multimedia presentation to between 100% and 80% of its original
speed, synchronize the visual and audio tracks. Below 80%, the user agent is
not required to render the audio track.
- The user agent is not required to satisfy this checkpoint for audio and
animations whose recognized role is to create a purely stylistic effect.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 4.4)
- Checkpoint 4.5 Start,
stop, pause, advance multimedia. (P1)
- Allow the user to stop, pause, resume, fast advance, and fast reverse audio
and animations (including video and animated images) that last three or more
seconds at their default playback rate.
- The user agent is not required to satisfy this checkpoint for audio and
animations whose recognized role is to create a purely stylistic effect.
- The user agent is not required to play synchronized audio during fast
advance or reverse of animations (though doing so may help orient the
user).
- The user agent is not required to play animations during fast advance and
fast reverse.
- When the user pauses a real-time audio or animation, the user agent may
discard packets that continue to arrive during the pause.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 4.5)
- Checkpoint 4.6 Position
captions. (P1)
- For graphical viewports, allow the user to position captions with respect
to synchronized visual tracks as follows:
- if the user agent satisfies this checkpoint by using a markup language or
style sheet language to provide configuration or control, then the user agent
must allow the user to choose from among at least the range of positions
enabled by the format
- otherwise the user agent must allow both non-overlapping and overlapping
positions (e.g., by rendering captions in a separate viewport that may be
positioned on top of the visual track).
- In either case, the user agent must allow the user to override the author's
specified position.
- The user agent is not required to change the layout of other content (i.e.,
reflow) after the user has changed the position of captions.
- The user agent is not required to make the captions background transparent
when those captions are rendered above a related video track.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 4.6)
- Checkpoint
4.9 Global volume control. (P1)
- Allow global configuration and control of the volume of all audio, with an
option to override audio volumes specified by the author or user agent
defaults.
- Allow the user to choose zero volume (i.e., silent).
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 4.9)
- Checkpoint
4.10 Independent volume control.
(P1)
- Allow independent control of the volumes of audio sources synchronized to
play simultaneously.
- The user agent is not required to satisfy this checkpoint for audio whose
recognized role is to create a purely stylistic effect.
- The user control required by this checkpoint includes the ability to
override author-specified volumes for the relevant sources of audio.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 4.10)
- Checkpoint
4.12 Configure synthesized speech rate.
(P1)
- Allow configuration and control of the synthesized speech rate, according
to the full range offered by the speech synthesizer.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 4.12)
- Checkpoint
4.13 Configure synthesized speech volume.
(P1)
- Allow control of the synthesized speech volume, independent of other
sources of audio.
- The user control required by this checkpoint includes the ability to
override author-specified synthesized speech volume.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 4.13)
- Checkpoint
4.14 Configure synthesized speech characteristics. (P1)
- Allow configuration of synthesized speech characteristics according to the
full range of values offered by the speech synthesizer.
For all content .
(Techniques for 4.14)
- Checkpoint 4.17 Choose
style sheets. (P1)
- For user agents that support style sheets, allow the user to choose from
(and apply) available author and user style sheets or to ignore them.
For both content and user agent .
(Techniques for 4.17)
- Checkpoint 6.1 DOM read
access. (P1)
- Provide programmatic read access to HTML and
XML content by conforming to the following modules of the W3C
Document Object Model DOM
Level 2 Core Specification [DOM2CORE] and exporting the
interfaces they define:
- the Core module for HTML;
- the Core and XML modules for XML.
For all content .
(Techniques for 6.1)
- Checkpoint 6.2 DOM write
access. (P1)
- If the user can modify HTML and XML content through the
user interface, provide the same functionality programmatically by conforming
to the following modules of the W3C Document Object Model DOM Level 2 Core Specification
[DOM2CORE] and exporting the interfaces they define:
- the Core module for HTML;
- the Core and XML modules for XML.
For all content .
(Techniques for 6.2)
- Checkpoint
6.3 Programmatic access to other content.
(P1)
- For markup languages other than HTML and
XML, provide programmatic read access to content.
- Provide programmatic write access for those parts of content that the user
can modify through the user interface. To satisfy these requirements, implement
at least one API that is either
- defined by a W3C Recommendation, or
- a publicly documented API designed to enable interoperability with
assistive technologies.
- If no such API is available, or if available APIs do not enable the user
agent to satisfy the requirements, implement at least one publicly documented
API to satisfy the requirements, and follow operating environment
conventions for the use of input and output APIs.
- An API is considered available if the specification of the API is published
(e.g., as a W3C Recommendation) in time for integration into a user agent's
development cycle.
For all content .
(Techniques for 6.3)
- Checkpoint 6.4 Programmatic
operation. (P1)
- Provide programmatic read access to user agent user interface
controls.
- Provide programmatic write access for those controls that the user can
modify through the user interface. For security reasons, user agents are not
required to allow instructions in content to modify user agent user interface
controls.
- To satisfy these requirements, implement at least one API that is either
- defined by a W3C Recommendation, or
- a publicly documented API designed to enable interoperability with
assistive technologies.
- If no such API is available, or if available APIs do not enable the user
agent to satisfy the requirements, implement at least one publicly documented
API that allows programmatic operation of all of the functionalities that are
available through the user agent user interface, and follow operating
environment conventions for the use of input and output APIs.
- An API is considered available if the specification of the API is published
(e.g., as a W3C Recommendation) in time for integration into a user agent's
development cycle.
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 6.4)
- Checkpoint 6.5 Programmatic
alert of changes. (P1)
- Provide programmatic alert of changes to content, user interface controls,
selection, content focus, and user interface focus.
- To satisfy these requirements, implement at least one API that is either
- defined by a W3C Recommendation, or
- a publicly documented API designed to enable interoperability with
assistive technologies.
- If no such API is available, or if available APIs do not enable the user
agent to satisfy the requirements, implement at least one publicly documented
API to satisfy the requirements, and follow operating environment
conventions for the use of input and output APIs.
- This checkpoint does not require alert to rendering changes due to content
(e.g., an animation effect), just changes to the content itself.
For both content and user agent .
(Techniques for 6.5)
- Checkpoint 6.6 Conventional
keyboard APIs. (P1)
- Follow operating environment conventions when implementing APIs for the
keyboard.
- If such APIs for the keyboard do not exist, implement publicly documented
APIs for the keyboard.
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 6.6)
- Checkpoint 6.7 API
character encodings. (P1)
- For an API implemented to satisfy requirements of this document, support
the character encodings required for that API.
For both content and user agent .
(Techniques for 6.7)
- Checkpoint
7.1 Focus and selection conventions.
(P1)
- Follow operating environment conventions that benefit accessibility when
implementing the selection, content focus, and user interface focus.
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 7.1)
- Checkpoint
7.2 Respect input configuration conventions.
(P1)
- Ensure that default input configurations do not interfere with operating
environment accessibility conventions (e.g., for keyboard accessibility).
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 7.2)
- Checkpoint
8.1 Implement accessibility features.
(P1)
- Implement the accessibility features of specifications (markup languages,
style sheet languages, metadata languages, graphics formats, etc.). For the
purposes of this checkpoint, an accessibility feature is either
- one identified as such, or
- one that allows the author to satisfy any requirement of the "Web Content
Accessibility Guidelines 1.0" [WCAG10].
For all content .
(Techniques for 8.1)
- Checkpoint 9.1 Provide
content focus. (P1)
- Provide at least one content focus for each viewport (including frames)
where enabled elements are part of the rendered content.
- Allow the user to make the content focus of each viewport the current
focus.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 9.1)
- Checkpoint 9.2 Provide user
interface focus. (P1)
- Provide a user interface focus.
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 9.2)
- Checkpoint 9.3 Move content
focus. (P1)
- Allow the user to move the content focus to any enabled element in the
viewport.
- If the author has not specified a navigation order, allow at least forward
sequential navigation to each element, in document order.
- The user agent may also include disabled elements in the navigation
order.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 9.3)
- Checkpoint
9.4 Restore history. (P1)
- For user agents that implement a viewport history mechanism, for each state
in a viewport's browsing history, maintain information about the point of
regard, content focus, and selection.
- When the user returns to any state in the viewport history, restore the
saved values for all of these state variables.
For both content and user agent .
(Techniques for 9.4)
- Checkpoint 10.1 Table
orientation. (P1)
- Make available to the user the purpose of each table (e.g., as expressed in
a summary or table caption) and the relationships among the table cells and
headers.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 10.1)
- Checkpoint
10.2 Highlight selection and content focus.
(P1)
- Provide a mechanism for highlighting the selection and content focus of
each viewport.
- The highlight mechanism must not rely on color alone.
- Allow global configuration of selection and focus highlight styles.
- For graphical viewports, if the highlight mechanism involves colors or text
decorations, allow the user to choose from among the full range of colors or
text decorations offered by the conventional color and text decoration
selection mechanisms of the operating environment.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 10.2)
- Checkpoint 10.3 Distinct
default highlight styles. (P1)
- Ensure that all of the default highlight styles for the selection, content
focus, enabled elements, recently visited links, and fee links
- do not rely on color alone, and
- differ from each other, and not by color alone.
- This checkpoint not apply to those highlight styles inherited from the
operating environment as default values, as long as the user can change the
styles in the operating environment.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 10.3)
- Checkpoint
10.7 Highlight current viewport.
(P1)
- Provide a mechanism for highlighting the viewport with the current focus
(including any frame that takes current focus).
- For graphical viewports, the default highlight mechanism must not rely on
color alone.
- This default color requirement does not apply if the highlight mechanism is
inherited from the operating environment as the default and the user can change
it in the operating environment.
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 10.7)
- Checkpoint
11.1 Current user bindings. (P1)
- Provide information to the user about current user preferences for input
configurations.
- To satisfy this checkpoint, the user agent may make available binding
information in a centralized fashion (e.g., a list of bindings) or a
distributed fashion (e.g., by listing keyboard shortcuts in user interface
menus).
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 11.1)
- Checkpoint 12.1 Accessible
documentation. (P1)
- Ensure that at least one version of the user agent documentation conforms
to at least Level Double-A of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0
[WCAG10].
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 12.1)
- Checkpoint
12.2 Document accessibility features.
(P1)
- Document all user agent features that benefit accessibility.
- For the purposes of this checkpoint, a user agent feature that benefits
accessibility is one implemented to satisfy the requirements of this document
(including the requirements of checkpoints 8.1 and 7.3).
- The user agent may satisfy this checkpoint either by
- providing a centralized view of the accessibility features, or
- integrating accessibility features into the rest of the documentation.
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 12.2)
- Checkpoint
12.3 Document default bindings.
(P1)
- Document the default user agent input configuration (e.g., the default
keyboard bindings).
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 12.3)
Priority 2 checkpoints
- Checkpoint 2.7 Repair missing
content. (P2)
- Allow configuration to generate repair text when the user agent recognizes
that the author has failed to provide conditional content that was required by
the format specification.
- The user agent may satisfy this checkpoint by basing the repair text on any
of the following available sources of information: URI reference, content type,
or element type.
For all content .
(Techniques for 2.7)
- Checkpoint
3.6 Toggle redirects. (P2)
- Allow configuration so that a "client-side redirect" (i.e., one initiated
by the user agent, not the server) only changes content on explicit user
request.
- Allow the user to access the new content on demand (e.g., by following a
link or confirming a prompt).
- The user agent is not required to provide these functionalities for
client-side redirects specified to occur instantaneously (i.e., after no
delay).
For all content .
(Techniques for 3.6)
- Checkpoint 3.7 Toggle
images. (P2)
- Allow configuration not to render images.
- The user agent may satisfy this checkpoint by making images invisible, but
this technique is not recommended.
For all content .
(Techniques for 3.7)
- Checkpoint 4.7 Slow
other multimedia. (P2)
- Allow the user to slow the presentation rate of audio and animations
(including video and animated images) not covered by checkpoint 4.4.
- The same speed percentage requirements of checkpoint 4.4 apply.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 4.7)
- Checkpoint
4.8 Control other multimedia.
(P2)
- Allow the user to stop, pause, resume, fast advance, and fast reverse audio
and animations (including video and animated images) not covered by checkpoint 4.5.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 4.8)
- Checkpoint
4.11 Control other volume. (P2)
- Allow independent control of the volumes of audio sources synchronized to
play simultaneously that are not covered by checkpoint
4.10.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 4.11)
- Checkpoint
4.15 Specific synthesized speech characteristics. (P2)
- Allow configuration of the following synthesized speech characteristics:
pitch, pitch range, stress, richness.
- Pitch refers to the average frequency of the speaking voice.
- Pitch range specifies a variation in average frequency.
- Stress refers to the height of "local peaks" in the intonation contour of
the voice.
- Richness refers to the richness or brightness of the voice.
For all content .
(Techniques for 4.15)
- Checkpoint
4.16 Configure synthesized speech features.
(P2)
- Provide support for user-defined extensions to the synthesized speech
dictionary, as well as the following functionalities:
- spell-out: spell text one character at a time or according to
language-dependent pronunciation rules;
- speak-numeral: speak a numeral as individual digits or as a full number;
and
- speak-punctuation: speak punctuation literally or render as natural
pauses.
For all content .
(Techniques for 4.16)
- Checkpoint 5.1 No
automatic content focus change. (P2)
- Allow configuration so that if a viewport opens without explicit user
request, its content focus does not automatically become the current
focus.
- Configuration is preferred, but is not required if the content focus can
only ever be moved on explicit user request.
For both content and user agent .
(Techniques for 5.1)
- Checkpoint 5.2 Keep
viewport on top. (P2)
- For graphical user interfaces, allow configuration so that the viewport
with the current focus remains "on top" of all other viewports with which it
overlaps.
For both content and user agent .
(Techniques for 5.2)
- Checkpoint 5.3 Manual
viewport open only. (P2)
- Allow configuration so that viewports only open on explicit user
request.
- In this configuration, instead of opening a viewport automatically, alert
the user and allow the user to open it on demand (e.g., by following a link or
confirming a prompt).
- Allow the user to close viewports.
- If a viewport (e.g., a frame set) contains other viewports, these
requirements only apply to the outermost container viewport.
- Configuration is preferred, but is not required if viewports can only ever
open on explicit user request.
- User creation of a new viewport (e.g., empty or with a new resource loaded)
through the user agent's user interface constitutes an explicit user
request.
For both content and user agent .
(Techniques for 5.3)
- Checkpoint
5.4 Selection and focus in viewport.
(P2)
- Ensure that when a viewport's selection or content focus changes, it is at
least partially in the viewport after the change.
For both content and user agent .
(Techniques for 5.4)
- Checkpoint 5.5 Confirm
form submission. (P2)
- Allow configuration to prompt the user to confirm (or cancel) any form
submission.
- Configuration is preferred, but it not required if forms can only ever be
submitted on explicit user request.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 5.5)
- Checkpoint 5.6 Confirm fee
links. (P2)
- Allow configuration to prompt the user to confirm (or cancel) any payment
that results from activation of a fee link.
- Configuration is preferred, but is not required if fee links can only ever
be activated on explicit user request.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 5.6)
- Checkpoint 6.8 DOM CSS
access. (P2)
- For user agents that implement Cascading Style Sheets
(CSS), provide programmatic access to those style sheets by
conforming to the CSS module of the W3C Document Object Model (DOM) Level 2 Style Specification
[DOM2STYLE] and exporting the interfaces it defines.
- For the purposes of satisfying this checkpoint, Cascading Style Sheets
(CSS) are defined by either CSS Level 1
[CSS1] or CSS Level 2 [CSS2].
For all content .
(Techniques for 6.8)
- Checkpoint 6.9 Timely
access. (P2)
- Ensure that programmatic exchanges proceed in a timely manner.
For both content and user agent .
(Techniques for 6.9)
- Checkpoint 7.3 Operating
environment conventions. (P2)
- Follow operating environment conventions that benefit accessibility. In
particular, follow conventions that benefit accessibility for user interface
design, keyboard configuration, product installation, and documentation.
- For the purposes of this checkpoint, an operating environment convention
that benefits accessibility is either
- one identified as such in operating environment design or accessibility
guidelines, or
- one that allows the author to satisfy any requirement of the "Web Content
Accessibility Guidelines 1.0" [WCAG10] or of the current
document.
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 7.3)
- Checkpoint
7.4 Input configuration indications.
(P2)
- Follow operating environment conventions to indicate the input
configuration.
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 7.4)
- Checkpoint 8.2 Conform
to specifications. (P2)
- Use and conform to either
- W3C Recommendations when they are available and appropriate for a task,
or
- non-W3C specifications that enable the creation of content that conforms at
level A or better to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0 [WCAG10].
- When a requirement of another specification contradicts a requirement of
the current document, the user agent may disregard the requirement of the other
specification and still satisfy this checkpoint.
- A specification is considered available if it is published (e.g., as a W3C
Recommendation) in time for integration into a user agent's development
cycle.
For all content .
(Techniques for 8.2)
- Checkpoint 9.5 No
events on focus change. (P2)
- Allow configuration so that moving the content focus to or from an enabled
element does not automatically activate any explicitly associated event
handlers.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 9.5)
- Checkpoint 9.6 Show event
handlers. (P2)
- For the element with content focus, make available the list of input device
event handlers explicitly associated with the element.
For all content .
(Techniques for 9.6)
- Checkpoint 9.7 Move
content focus optimally. (P2)
- Allow the user to move the content focus to any enabled element in the
viewport.
- If the author has not specified a navigation order, allow at least forward
and reverse sequential navigation to each element, in document order.
- The user agent must not include disabled elements in the navigation
order.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 9.7)
- Checkpoint 9.8 Text search.
(P2)
- Allow the user to search within rendered text for a sequence of characters
from the document character set.
- Allow the user to start a forward search (in document order) from any
selected or focused location in content.
- When there is a match do both of the following:
- move the viewport so that the matched text content is within it, and
- allow the user to search for the next instance of the text from the
location of the match.
- Alert the user when there is no match, when the search reaches the end of
content, and prior to any wrapping. A wrapping search is one that restarts
automatically at the beginning of content once the end of content has been
reached.
- Provide a case-insensitive search option for text in scripts (i.e., writing
systems) where case is significant.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 9.8)
- Checkpoint 9.9 Structured
navigation. (P2)
- Allow the user to navigate efficiently to and among important structural
elements.
- Allow forward and backward sequential navigation to important structural
elements.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 9.9)
- Checkpoint
10.4 Highlight special elements.
(P2)
- Provide a mechanism for highlighting all enabled elements, recently visited
links, and fee links.
- Allow the user to configure the highlight styles. The highlight mechanism
must not rely on color alone.
- For graphical viewports, if the highlight mechanism involves colors, fonts,
or text decorations, allow the user to choose from among the full range of
colors, fonts, or text decorations offered by the conventional color, font, and
text decoration selection mechanisms of the operating environment.
- For an image map, the user agent must highlight the image map as a whole
and should allow configuration to highlight each enabled region.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 10.4)
- Checkpoint
10.5 Outline view. (P2)
- Make available to the user an "outline" view of content, composed of labels
for important structural elements (e.g., heading text, table titles, form
titles, etc.).
- What constitutes a label is defined by each markup language specification.
A label is not required to be text only.
For all content .
(Techniques for 10.5)
- Checkpoint
11.2 Current author bindings.
(P2)
- Provide a centralized view of the current author-specified input
configuration bindings.
- The user agent may satisfy this checkpoint by providing different views for
different input modalities (keyboard, pointing device, voice, etc.).
For all content .
(Techniques for 11.2)
- Checkpoint 11.3 Override
bindings. (P2)
- Allow the user to override any binding that is part of the user agent
default input configuration.
- The user agent is not required to allow the user to override conventional
bindings for the operating environment (e.g., for access to help).
- The override requirement only applies to bindings for the same input
modality (e.g., the user must be able to override a keyboard binding with
another keyboard binding).
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 11.3)
- Checkpoint 11.4 Single key
access. (P2)
- Allow the user to override any binding in the user agent default keyboard
configuration with a binding to either a key plus modifier keys or to a
single-key. In this checkpoint, "key" refers to a physical key of the keyboard
(rather than, say, a character of the document character set).
- For each functionality in the set required by checkpoint 11.5, allow the
user to configure a single-key binding (i.e., one key press performs the task,
with zero modifier keys).
- If the number of physical keys on the keyboard is less than the number of
functionalities required by checkpoint 11.5, allow single-key bindings for as many of
those functionalities as possible.
- The single-key binding requirements may be satisfied with a "single-key
mode" (i.e., a mode where the current bindings are replaced by a set of
single-key bindings).
- The user agent is not required to allow the user to override conventional
bindings for the operating environment (e.g., for access to help).
- This checkpoint does not require single physical key bindings for character
input, only for the activation of user agent functionalities.
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 11.4)
- Checkpoint
11.5 Default binding requirements.
(P2)
- Ensure that the user agent default input configuration includes bindings
for the following functionalities required by other checkpoints in this
document:
- move focus to next enabled element, and move focus to previous enabled
element;
- activate focused link;
- search for text;
- search again for same text;
- increase size of rendered text, and decrease size of rendered text;
- increase global volume, and decrease global volume;
- stop, pause, resume, fast advance, and fast reverse selected audio and
animations (including video and animated images).
- If the user agent supports the following functionalities, the default input
configuration must also include bindings for them:
- next history state (forward), and previous history state (back);
- enter URI for new resource;
- add to favorites (i.e., bookmarked resources);
- view favorites;
- stop loading resource;
- reload resource;
- refresh rendering;
- forward one viewport, and back one viewport;
- next line, and previous line.
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 11.5)
- Checkpoint 11.6 User
profiles. (P2)
- For the configuration requirements of this document, allow the user to save
user preferences in at least one user profile.
- Allow the user to choose from among available default profiles, profiles
created by the same user, and no profile (i.e., the user agent default
settings).
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 11.6)
- Checkpoint 12.4 Document
changes. (P2)
- Document changes from the previous version of the user agent to
accessibility features, including accessibility features of the user
interface.
- Accessibility features are those defined in checkpoint 12.2.
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 12.4)
- Checkpoint
12.5 Dedicated section on accessibility.
(P2)
- Provide a centralized view of all features of the user agent that benefit
accessibility in a dedicated section of the documentation.
- The features that benefit accessibility are those defined in checkpoint 12.2.
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 12.5)
Priority 3 checkpoints
- Checkpoint 2.8 No repair text.
(P3)
- Allow at least two configurations for when the user agent recognizes that
conditional content required by the format specification is present but empty:
- generate no repair text, or
- generate repair as described in
checkpoint 2.7.
For all content .
(Techniques for 2.8)
- Checkpoint
2.9 Render conditional content automatically.
(P3)
- Allow configuration to render all conditional content automatically. The
user agent is not required to render all conditional content at the same time
in a single viewport.
- Provide access to this content according to format specifications or where
unspecified, by applying one of the following techniques described in checkpoint 2.3: 1a, 2a, or
1b.
For all content .
(Techniques for 2.9)
- Checkpoint 2.10 Toggle
placeholders. (P3)
- Once the user has viewed the original author-supplied content associated
with a placeholder, allow the user to turn off the rendering of the
author-supplied content.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 2.10)
- Checkpoint
2.11 Alert unsupported language.
(P3)
- Allow configuration not to render content in unsupported natural languages
(including scripts, i.e., writing systems).
- Indicate to the user in context that author-supplied content has not been
rendered.
- This checkpoint does not require the user agent to allow different
configurations for different natural languages.
For all content .
(Techniques for 2.11)
- Checkpoint 5.7 Manual
viewport close only. (P3)
- Allow configuration to prompt the user to confirm (or cancel) closing any
viewport that starts to close without explicit user request.
For both content and user agent .
(Techniques for 5.7)
- Checkpoint
9.10 Configure important elements.
(P3)
- Allow configuration and control of the set of important elements required
by checkpoint 9.9 and checkpoint 10.5.
- Allow the user to include and exclude element types in the set of
elements.
For all content .
(Techniques for 9.10)
- Checkpoint 10.6 Provide link
information. (P3)
- To help the user decide whether to traverse a link, make available the
following information about it:
- link element content,
- link title,
- whether the link is internal to the resource (e.g., the link is to a target
in the same Web page),
- whether the user has traversed the link recently,
- whether traversing it may involve a fee, and
- information about the type, size, and natural language of linked Web
resources.
- The user agent is not required to compute or make available information
that requires retrieval of linked Web resources.
For all rendered content .
(Techniques for 10.6)
- Checkpoint 10.8 Indicate
rendering progress. (P3)
- Indicate the viewport's position relative to rendered content (e.g., the
proportion of an audio or video clip that has been played, the proportion of a
Web page that has been viewed, etc.).
- The user agent may calculate the relative position according to content
focus position, selection position, or viewport position, depending on how the
user has been browsing.
- For two-dimensional renderings, relative position includes both vertical
and horizontal positions.
- The user agent may indicate the proportion of content viewed in a number of
ways, including as a percentage, as a relative size in bytes, etc.
For all content .
(Techniques for 10.8)
- Checkpoint
11.7 Configure tool bars. (P3)
- For graphical user interfaces, allow the user to configure the position of
controls on tool bars of the user agent user interface, to add or remove
controls for the user interface from a predefined set, and to restore the
default user interface.
For user agent features .
(Techniques for 11.7)
For the latest version of any
W3C specification please consult the list of
W3C Technical Reports at http://www.w3.org/TR.
- [CSS1]
- "CSS, level 1
Recommendation", B. Bos, H. Wium Lie, eds., 17 December 1996,
revised 11 January 1999. This W3C Recommendation is
http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-CSS1-19990111.
- [CSS2]
- "CSS, level 2
Recommendation", B. Bos, H. Wium Lie, C. Lilley, and I. Jacobs,
eds., 12 May 1998. This W3C Recommendation is
http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512/.
- [DOM2CORE]
-
"Document Object Model (DOM) Level 2 Core Specification", A. Le
Hors, P. Le Hégaret, L. Wood, G. Nicol, J. Robie, M. Champion, S. Byrne,
eds., 13 November 2000. This W3C Recommendation is
http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Core-20001113/.
- [DOM2STYLE]
-
"Document Object Model (DOM) Level 2 Style Specification", V.
Apparao, P. Le Hégaret, C. Wilson, eds., 13 November 2000. This W3C
Recommendation is
http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Style-20001113/.
- [RFC2046]
- "Multipurpose Internet
Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Two: Media Types", N. Freed, N.
Borenstein, November 1996.
- [UAAG10]
- "User Agent Accessibility
Guidelines 1.0", I. Jacobs, J. Gunderson, E. Hansen, eds. The latest
draft of the guidelines is available at http://www.w3.org/WAI/UA/UAAG10/.
- [WCAG10]
- "Web
Content Accessibility Guidelines 1.0", W. Chisholm, G. Vanderheiden,
and I. Jacobs, eds., 5 May 1999. This W3C Recommendation is
http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/WAI-WEBCONTENT-19990505/.