E1/E2

;

E1[E2]

;

E2

;

E1

;

E2

;

E2

;

E1

;

E2

;

.

;

E1/E2

;

E1[E2]

;

E1

;

E2

;

fn:position()

;

E1/E2

;

E1[E2]

;

E2

;

E1

;

fn:last()

;

E1/E2

;

E1[E2]

;

E2

;

E1

;

5 + 1.2

;

($x div $y) + xs:decimal($z)

;

fn:error(QName("app:err057"), "Unexpected value", fn:string($v))

;

some $x in $expr1 satisfies $x = 47

;

//product[id = 47]

;

$N[@x castable as xs:date][xs:date(@x) gt xs:date("2000-01-01")]

;

$N[if (@x castable as xs:date)
   then xs:date(@x) gt xs:date("2000-01-01")
   else false()]

;

declare namespace exq = "http://example.org/XQueryImplementation";
   (:: pragma exq:timeout 1000 ::)
   fn:count($bib/book/author)

;

"12.5"

;

12

;

12.5

;

125E2

;

xs:integer("12")

;

xs:date("2001-08-25")

;

9 cast as hatsize

;

(2 + 4) * 5

;

(2 + 4)

;

2 + 4 * 5

;

my:three-argument-function(1, , 3)

;

my:two-argument-function((1,2), 3)

;

my:two-argument-function(1,())

;

my:one-argument-function((1, 2,	3))

;

my:one-argument-function(( ))

;

my:zero-argument-function( )

;

fn:root(self::node()) treat as document-node()

;

E1/E2

;

E1

;

child::div1/child::para

;

child::para

;

attribute::abc:href

;

child::*

;

attribute::*

;

child::chapter[2]

;

descendant::toy[attribute::color = "red"]

;

child::employee[secretary][assistant]

;

child::para

;

child::*

;

child::text()

;

child::node()

;

attribute::name

;

attribute::*

;

descendant::para

;

ancestor::div

;

ancestor-or-self::div

;

descendant-or-self::para

;

self::para

;

child::chapter/descendant::para

;

child::*/child::para

;

/

;

/descendant::para

;

/descendant::list/child::member

;

child::para[fn:position() = 1]

;

child::para[fn:position() = fn:last()]

;

child::para[fn:position() = fn:last()-1]

;

child::para[fn:position() > 1]

;

following-sibling::chapter[fn:position() = 1]

;

preceding-sibling::chapter[fn:position() = 1]

;

/descendant::figure[fn:position() = 42]

;

/child::book/child::chapter[fn:position() = 5]/child::section[fn:position() = 2]

;

child::para[attribute::type="warning"]

;

child::para[attribute::type='warning'][fn:position() = 5]

;

child::para[fn:position() = 5][attribute::type="warning"]

;

child::chapter[child::title='Introduction']

;

child::chapter[child::title]

;

child::*[self::chapter or self::appendix]

;

child::*[self::chapter or
self::appendix][fn:position() = fn:last()]

;

para[@type="warning"]

;

child::para[attribute::type="warning"]

;

section/para

;

child::section/child::para

;

div1//para

;

child::div1/descendant-or-self::node()/child::para

;

//para[1]

;

/descendant::para[1]

;

..

;

parent::node()

;

../title

;

parent::node()/child::title

;

*

;

text()

;

@name

;

@*

;

para[1]

;

para[fn:last()]

;

*/para

;

/book/chapter[5]/section[2]

;

chapter//para

;

//para

;

//list/member

;

.//para

;

..

;

../@lang

;

para[@type="warning"]

;

para[@type="warning"][5]

;

para[5][@type="warning"]

;

chapter[title="Introduction"]

;

chapter[title]

;

employee[@secretary and @assistant]

;

book/(chapter|appendix)/section

;

(10, 1, 2, 3, 4)

;

(10, (1, 2), (), (3, 4))

;

(salary, bonus)

;

($price, $price)

;

(10, 1 to 4)

;

10 to 10

;

15 to 10

;

fn:reverse(10 to 15)

;

$products[price gt 100]

;

(1 to 100)[. mod 5 eq 0]

;

(21 to 29)[5]

;

$book/(chapter | appendix)[fn:last()]

;

fn:doc("zoo.xml")/fn:id('tiger')

;

$seq1 union $seq2

;

$seq2 union $seq3

;

$seq1 intersect $seq2

;

$seq2 intersect $seq3

;

$seq1 except $seq2

;

$seq2 except $seq3

;

a-b

;

a - b

;

-1.5

;

-1

;

$emp/hiredate - $emp/birthdate

;

$unit-price - $unit-discount

;

$book1/author eq "Kennedy"

;

//product[weight gt 100]

;

<a>5</a> eq <a>5</a>

;

<a>5</a> eq <b>5</b>

;

my:hatsize(5) eq my:shoesize(5)

;

$book1/author = "Kennedy"

;

/books/book[isbn="1558604820"] is /books/book[call="QA76.9 C3845"]

;

<a>5</a> is <a>5</a>

;

/transactions/purchase[parcel="28-451"] 
   << /transactions/sale[parcel="33-870"]

;

1 eq 1 and 2 eq 2

;

1 eq 1 or 2 eq 3

;

1 eq 2 and 3 idiv 0 = 1

;

1 eq 1 or 3 idiv 0 = 1

;

1 eq 1 and 3 idiv 0 = 1

;

<book isbn="isbn-0060229357">
    <title>Harold and the Purple Crayon</title>
    <author>
        <first>Crockett</first>
        <last>Johnson</last>
    </author>
</book>

;

<example>
   <p> Here is a query. </p>
   <eg> $b/title </eg>
   <p> Here is the result of the query. </p>
   <eg>{ $b/title }</eg>
</example>

;


<example>
  <p> Here is a query. </p>
  <eg> $b/title </eg>
  <p> Here is the result of the query. </p>
  <eg><title>Harold and the Purple Crayon</title></eg>
</example>

;

<shoe size="7"/>

;

<shoe size="{7}"/>

;

<shoe size="{()}"/>

;

<chapter ref="[{1, 5 to 7, 9}]"/>

;

<shoe size="As big as {$hat/@size}"/>

;

<cat xmlns = "http://example.org/animals">
  <breed>Persian</breed>
</cat>

;

<box xmlns:metric = "http://example.org/metric/units"
     xmlns:english = "http://example.org/english/units">
  <height> <metric:meters>3</metric:meters> </height>
  <width> <english:feet>6</english:feet> </width>
  <depth> <english:inches>18</english:inches> </depth>
</box>

;

<a>{1}</a>

;

<a>{1, 2, 3}</a>

;

<c>{1}{2}{3}</c>

;

<b>{1, "2", "3"}</b>

;

<fact>I saw 8 cats.</fact>

;

<fact>I saw {5 + 3} cats.</fact>

;

<fact>I saw <howmany>{5 + 3}</howmany> cats.</fact>

;

<book isbn="isbn-0060229357">
    <title>Harold and the Purple Crayon</title>
    <author>
        <first>Crockett</first>
        <last>Johnson</last>
    </author>
</book>

;

<cat> 
   <breed>{$b}</breed>
   <color>{$c}</color> 
</cat>

;

<a>  {"abc"}  </a>

;

<a>abc</a>

;

<a>  abc  </a>

;

<a> z {"abc"}</a>

;

<a> z abc</a>

;

<a>&amp;#x20;{"abc"}</a>

;

<a> abc</a>

;

<a>{"  "}</a>

;

<a>  </a>

;

<?format role="output" ?>

;

<!-- Tags are ignored in the following section -->

;

(: This is an XQuery comment :)
<!-- This is an XML comment -->

;


<!-- This is an XML comment -->

;

element book { 
   attribute isbn {"isbn-0060229357" }, 
   element title { "Harold and the Purple Crayon"},
   element author { 
      element first { "Crockett" }, 
      element last {"Johnson" }
   }
}

;

element {fn:node-name($e)}
   {$e/@*, 2 * fn:data($e)}

;


<entry word="address">
   <variant xml:lang="de">Adresse</variant>
   <variant xml:lang="it">indirizzo</variant>
</entry> 


;

<address>123 Roosevelt Ave. Flushing, NY 11368</address>

;


  element 
    {$dict/entry[@word=name($e)]/variant[@xml:lang="it"]}
    {$e/@*, $e/node()}

;

<indirizzo>123 Roosevelt Ave. Flushing, NY 11368</indirizzo>

;

attribute size {4 + 3}

;

attribute
   { if ($sex = "M") then "husband" else "wife" }
   { <a>Hello</a>, 1 to 3, <b>Goodbye</b> }

;

document
   {
      <author-list>
         {fn:doc("bib.xml")/bib/book/author}
      </author-list>
   }

;

text {"Hello"}

;

let $target := "audio-output",
    $content := "beep" 
return processing-instruction {$target} {$content}

;

let $homebase := "Houston" 
return comment {fn:concat($homebase, ", we have a problem.")}

;

declare namespace p="http://example.com/ns/p";
declare namespace q="http://example.com/ns/q";
declare namespace f="http://example.com/ns/f";

<p:a q:b="{f:func(2)}" xmlns:r="http://example.com/ns/r"/>


;

<p xsi:type="xs:integer">3</p>

;

<p xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
   xsi:type="xs:integer">3</p>

;

for $d in fn:doc("depts.xml")/depts/deptno
let $e := fn:doc("emps.xml")/emps/emp[deptno = $d]
where fn:count($e) >= 10
order by fn:avg($e/salary) descending
return
   <big-dept>
      {
      $d,
      <headcount>{fn:count($e)}</headcount>,
      <avgsal>{fn:avg($e/salary)}</avgsal>
      }
   </big-dept>

;

let $s := (<one/>, <two/>, <three/>)
return <out>{$s}</out>

;

(<one/>,
    <two/>, <three/>)

;

for $s in (<one/>, <two/>, <three/>)
return <out>{$s}</out>

;

for $x in $w, $a in f($x)
let $y := g($a)
for $z in p($x, $y)
return q($x, $y, $z)

;

let $salary as xs:decimal :=  "cat"
return $salary * 2

;

fn:avg(for $x at $i in $inputvalues
    where $i mod 100 = 0   
    return $x)

;

for $e in $employees 
order by $e/salary descending 
return $e/name

;

for $b in $books/book[price < 100]
order by $b/title
return $b

;

for $b in $books/book
stable order by $b/title 
      collation "http://www.example.org/collations/fr-ca",
   $b/price descending empty least
return $b

;

<authlist>
 {
   for $a in fn:distinct-values($bib/book/author)
   order by $a
   return
     <author>
        <name> {$a} </name>
        <books>
          {
            for $b in $bib/book[author = $a]
            order by $b/title
            return $b/title 
          }
        </books>
     </author>
 }
</authlist>

;

unordered {
  for $p in fn:doc("parts.xml")/parts/part[color = "Red"],
      $s in fn:doc("suppliers.xml")/suppliers/supplier
  where $p/suppno = $s/suppno  
  return
    <ps>
       { $p/partno, $s/suppno }
    </ps>
}

;

if ($widget1/unit-cost < $widget2/unit-cost) 
  then $widget1
  else $widget2

;

if ($part/@discounted) 
  then $part/wholesale 
  else $part/retail

;

every $part in /parts/part satisfies $part/@discounted

;

some $emp in /emps/employee satisfies 
     ($emp/bonus > 0.25 * $emp/salary)

;

some $x in (1, 2, 3), $y in (2, 3, 4) 
     satisfies $x + $y = 4

;

every $x in (1, 2, 3), $y in (2, 3, 4) 
     satisfies $x + $y = 4

;

some $x in (1, 2, "cat") satisfies $x * 2 = 4

;

every $x in (1, 2, "cat") satisfies $x * 2 = 4

;

some $x as xs:integer in (1, 2, "cat") satisfies $x * 2 = 4

;

5 instance of xs:integer

;

<a>{5}</a> instance of xs:integer

;

. instance of element()

;

typeswitch($customer/billing-address)
   case $a as element(*, USAddress) return $a/state
   case $a as element(*, CanadaAddress) return $a/province
   case $a as element(*, JapanAddress) return $a/prefecture
   default return "unknown"


;


if ($x castable as hatsize) 
   then $x cast as hatsize 
   else if ($x castable as IQ) 
   then $x cast as IQ 
   else $x cast as xs:string

;

xs:date("2000-01-01")

;

xs:decimal($floatvalue * 0.2E-5)

;

xdt:dayTimeDuration("P21D")

;

usa:zipcode("12345")

;

17 cast as apple

;

$myaddress treat as element(*, USAddress)

;

declare namespace foo = "http://example.org";
<foo:bar> Lentils </foo:bar>

;

declare namespace xx = "http://example.org";

let $i := <foo:bar xmlns:foo = "http://example.org">
              <foo:bing> Lentils </foo:bing>
          </foo:bar>
return $i/xx:bing

;

<foo:bing xmlns:foo = "http://example.org"> Lentils </foo:bing>

;

declare function local:summary($emps as element(employee)*) 
   as element(dept)*
{
   for $d in fn:distinct-values($emps/deptno)
   let $e := $emps[deptno = $d]
   return
      <dept>
         <deptno>{$d}</deptno>
         <headcount> {fn:count($e)} </headcount>
         <payroll> {fn:sum($e/salary)} </payroll>
      </dept>
};

local:summary(fn:doc("acme_corp.xml")//employee[location = "Denver"])

;

declare function local:depth($e as node()) as xs:integer
{
   (: A node with no children has depth 1 :)
   (: Otherwise, add 1 to max depth of children :)
   if (fn:empty($e/*)) then 1
   else fn:max(for $c in $e/* return local:depth($c)) + 1
};

local:depth(fn:doc("partlist.xml"))


;

<descriptive-catalog>
   { 
     for $i in fn:doc("catalog.xml")/items/item,
         $p in fn:doc("parts.xml")/parts/part[partno = $i/partno],
         $s in fn:doc("suppliers.xml")/suppliers
                  /supplier[suppno = $i/suppno]
     order by $p/description, $s/suppname
     return
        <item>
           {
           $p/description,
           $s/suppname,
           $i/price
           }
        </item>
   }
</descriptive-catalog>

;

for $s in fn:doc("suppliers.xml")/suppliers/supplier
order by $s/suppname
return
   <supplier>
      { 
        $s/suppname,
        for $i in fn:doc("catalog.xml")/items/item
                 [suppno = $s/suppno],
            $p in fn:doc("parts.xml")/parts/part
                 [partno = $i/pno]
        order by $p/description
        return $p/description 
      }
   </supplier>

;

<master-list>
 {
    for $s in fn:doc("suppliers.xml")/suppliers/supplier
    order by $s/suppname
    return
        <supplier>
           { 
             $s/suppname,
             for $i in fn:doc("catalog.xml")/items/item
                     [suppno = $s/suppno],
                 $p in fn:doc("parts.xml")/parts/part
                     [partno = $i/partno]
             order by $p/description
             return
                <part>
                   {
                     $p/description,
                     $i/price
                   }
                </part> 
           }
        </supplier> 
    ,
    (: parts that have no supplier :)
    <orphan-parts>
       { for $p in fn:doc("parts.xml")/parts/part
         where fn:empty(fn:doc("catalog.xml")/items/item
               [partno = $p/partno] )
         order by $p/description
         return $p/description 
       }
    </orphan-parts>
 }
</master-list>

;

for $pn in fn:distinct-values(
      fn:doc("catalog.xml")/items/item/partno)
let $i := fn:doc("catalog.xml")/items/item[partno = $pn]
where fn:count($i) >= 3
order by $pn
return 
   <well-supplied-item>
      <partno> {$p} </partno>
      <avgprice> {fn:avg($i/price)} </avgprice>
   </well-supplied-item>

;

fn:avg($i/price)

;

for $s in fn:distinct-values(
        fn:doc("census.xml")/census/person/state),
    $j in fn:distinct-values(
        fn:doc("census.xml")/census/person/job)
let $p := fn:doc("census.xml")/census/person
        [state = $s and job = $j]
order by $s, $j
return 
   if (fn:exists($p)) then
      <group>
         <state> {$s} </state>
         <job> {$j} </job>
         <avgincome> {fn:avg($p/income)} </avgincome>
      </group>
   else ()

;

<group>
   <state>Nebraska</state>
   <job>Deep Sea Fisherman</state>
   <avgincome/>
</group>

;

let $proc := /report/procedure[1]
for $i in $proc//action
where $i >> ($proc//incision)[1]
   and $i << ($proc//incision)[2]
return $i

;

let $proc := /report/procedure[1]
for $i in $proc//instrument
where local:precedes(($proc//incision)[1], $i)
   and local:precedes($i, ($proc//incision)[2])
return $i

;

for $proc in /report/procedure
where some $i in $proc//incision satisfies
         fn:empty($proc//anesthesia[. << $i])
return $proc

;

let $intro := //h2[text()="Introduction"],
    $next-h := //(h1|h2)[. >> $intro][1]
return
   <div>
     {
       $intro,
       if (fn:empty($next-h))
         then //node()[. >> $intro]
         else //node()[. >> $intro and . << $next-h]
     }
   </div>

;

local:sections-and-titles(fn:doc("cookbook.xml"))

;

local:swizzle(fn:doc("plans.xml"))

;

for $p in fn:distinct-values(/orders/order/product),
    $s in fn:distinct-values(/orders/order/size),
    $c in fn:distinct-values(/orders/order/color)
    order by $p, $s, $c
    return
       if (fn:exists(/orders/order[product eq $p
                and size eq $s and color eq $c]))
       then
          <option>
             <product>{$p}</product>
             <size>{$s}</size>
             <color>{$c}</color>
          </option>
       else ()