XHTML™ 2.0

W3C Working Group Note 27 November 2010

This version:: http://www.w3.org/TR/2010/NOTE-xhtml2-20101127
Latest public version:: http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml2
Previous Editor's Draft:: http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/2010/ED-xhtml2-20100306
Diff from previous Editor's Draft:: xhtml2-ed-diff.html
Previous version:: http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/WD-xhtml2-20060726
Diff-marked version:: xhtml2-wd-diff.html
Editors:: Mark Birbeck, x-port.net; Markus Gylling, DAISY Consortium; Shane McCarron, Applied Testing and Technology; Steven Pemberton, CWI (XHTML 2 Working Group Co-Chair)
Editors (while chartered as the HTML Working Group):: Jonny Axelsson, Opera Software; Mark Birbeck, x-port.net; Micah Dubinko, Invited Expert; Beth Epperson, Websense; Masayasu Ishikawa, W3C; Shane McCarron, Applied Testing and Technology; Ann Navarro, Invited Expert; Steven Pemberton, CWI

This document is also available in these non-normative formats: Single XHTML file, PostScript version, PDF version, ZIP archive, and Gzip'd TAR archive.

Abstract

XHTML 2 is a general-purpose markup language designed to represent documents for a wide range of purposes across the World Wide Web. To this end it does not attempt to be all things to all people, supplying every possible markup idiom, but to supply a generally useful set of elements.

Status of This Document

This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current W3C publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be found in the W3C technical reports index at http://www.w3.org/TR/.

This document is a Working Group Note. The XHTML2 Working Group's charter expired before it could finish work on this specification. This document represents the state of the working group's thinking. It is possible that this work will be picked up by some other group or organization in the future. This Note should in no way be considered stable, and should not be normatively referenced for any purposes whatsoever. This version includes an early implementations of XHTML 2.0 in RELAX NG [RELAXNG] and XML Schema [XMLSCHEMA] forms.

Quick Table of Contents

1. Introduction
2. Terms and Definitions
3. Conformance Definition
4. The XHTML 2.0 Document Type
5. Module Definition Conventions
6. XHTML Attribute Collections
7. XHTML Document Module
8. XHTML Structural Module
9. XHTML Text Module
10. XHTML Hypertext Module
11. XHTML List Module
12. XHTML Core Attributes Module
13. XHTML Hypertext Attributes Module
14. XHTML I18N Attribute Module
15. XHTML Access Module
16. XHTML Bi-directional Text Attribute Module
17. XHTML Caption Module
18. XHTML Edit Attributes Module
19. XHTML Embedding Attributes Module
20. XHTML Image Module
21. XHTML Image Map Attributes Module
22. XHTML Media Attribute Module
23. XHTML Metainformation Module
24. XHTML Metainformation Attributes Module
25. XHTML Object Module
26. XHTML Role Attribute Module
27. Ruby Module
28. XHTML Style Sheet Module
29. XHTML Style Attribute Module
30. XHTML Tables Module
31. XForms Module
32. XML Events Module
33. XML Handlers Module
34. XML Scripting Module
35. XHTML Legacy Edit Module
36. XHTML Legacy Headings Module
A. Changes from earlier XHTML versions
B. XHTML 2.0 RELAX NG Definition
C. XHTML RELAX NG Module Implementations
D. XHTML 2.0 Schema
E. XHTML Schema Module Implementations
F. XHTML 2.0 Document Type Definition
G. XHTML DTD Module Implementations
H. Style sheet for XHTML 2
I. List of Elements
J. List of Attributes
K. Cross-reference Index
L. References
M. Acknowledgements

Full Table of Contents

1. Introduction
- 1.1. What is XHTML 2?
  - 1.1.1. Design Aims
  - 1.1.2. Backwards compatibility
  - 1.1.3. XHTML 2 and Presentation
  - 1.1.4. XHTML 2 and Linking
- 1.2. Major Differences with XHTML 1
- 1.3. What are the XHTML 2 Modules?
2. Terms and Definitions
3. Conformance Definition
- 3.1. Document Conformance
  - 3.1.1. Conforming Documents
- 3.2. XHTML 2 User Agent Conformance
4. The XHTML 2.0 Document Type
5. Module Definition Conventions
- 5.1. Module Structure
- 5.2. Abstract Module Definitions
- 5.3. Syntactic Conventions
- 5.4. Content Models
- 5.5. Attribute Types
6. XHTML Attribute Collections
7. XHTML Document Module
- 7.1. The html element
- 7.2. The head element
- 7.3. The title element
- 7.4. The body element
8. XHTML Structural Module
- 8.1. The address element
- 8.2. The blockcode element
- 8.3. The blockquote element
- 8.4. The div element
- 8.5. The h element
- 8.6. The p element
- 8.7. The pre element
- 8.8. The section element
- 8.9. The separator element
9. XHTML Text Module
- 9.1. The abbr element
- 9.2. The br element
- 9.3. The cite element
- 9.4. The code element
- 9.5. The dfn element
- 9.6. The em element
- 9.7. The kbd element
- 9.8. The l element
- 9.9. The q element
- 9.10. The samp element
- 9.11. The span element
- 9.12. The strong element
- 9.13. The sub element
- 9.14. The sup element
- 9.15. The var element
10. XHTML Hypertext Module
- 10.1. The a element
11. XHTML List Module
- 11.1. Definition lists: the dl, di, dt, and dd elements
- 11.2. The ol and ul elements
- 11.3. The li element
12. XHTML Core Attributes Module
- 12.1. Core Attribute Collection
13. XHTML Hypertext Attributes Module
- 13.1. Hypertext Attribute Collection
14. XHTML I18N Attribute Module
- 14.1. I18N Attribute Collection
15. XHTML Access Module
16. XHTML Bi-directional Text Attribute Module
- 16.1. Bi-directional Text Collection
  - 16.1.1. Inheritance of text direction information
  - 16.1.2. The effect of style sheets on bidirectionality
17. XHTML Caption Module
- 17.1. The caption element
18. XHTML Edit Attributes Module
- 18.1. Edit Collection
19. XHTML Embedding Attributes Module
- 19.1. Embedding Attribute Collection
20. XHTML Image Module
- 20.1. The img element
21. XHTML Image Map Attributes Module
- 21.1. Image Map Attribute Collection
22. XHTML Media Attribute Module
- 22.1. Media Attribute Collection
23. XHTML Metainformation Module
- 23.1. The link element
  - 23.1.1. Forward and reverse links
  - 23.1.2. Links and search engines
- 23.2. The meta element
  - 23.2.1. meta and search engines
24. XHTML Metainformation Attributes Module
- 24.1. Metadata Attribute Collection
25. XHTML Object Module
- 25.1. The object element
  - 25.1.1. Defining terminology
  - 25.1.2. Basic Information for Object Handlers
  - 25.1.3. Rules for processing objects
- 25.2. The param element
  - 25.2.1. Referencing object data
  - 25.2.2. Object element declarations and instantiations
- 25.3. The standby element
26. XHTML Role Attribute Module
- 26.1. Role Attribute Collection
27. Ruby Module
28. XHTML Style Sheet Module
- 28.1. The style element
  - 28.1.1. External style sheets
  - 28.1.2. Preferred and alternate style sheets
  - 28.1.3. Specifying external style sheets
29. XHTML Style Attribute Module
- 29.1. Style Attribute Collection
30. XHTML Tables Module
- 30.1. The col and colgroup elements
  - 30.1.1. Calculating the number of columns in a table
- 30.2. The summary element
- 30.3. The table element
  - 30.3.1. Visual Rendering
  - 30.3.2. Table directionality
  - 30.3.3. Table rendering by non-visual user agents
- 30.4. The tbody element
- 30.5. The td and th elements
  - 30.5.1. Cells that span several rows or columns
- 30.6. The thead and tfoot elements
- 30.7. The tr element
31. XForms Module
- 31.1. Core XForms
- 31.2. XForms Actions
- 31.3. Form Controls
- 31.4. Group
- 31.5. Switch
- 31.6. Repeat
- 31.7. XForms Repeat Attribute Collection
- 31.8. Other Attribute Collections
32. XML Events Module
- 32.1. Events
33. XML Handlers Module
34. XML Scripting Module
35. XHTML Legacy Edit Module
- 35.1. The del element
- 35.2. The ins element
36. XHTML Legacy Headings Module
- 36.1. The heading elements
A. Changes from earlier XHTML versions
B. XHTML 2.0 RELAX NG Definition
- - B.0.1. RELAX NG XHTML 2.0 Driver
C. XHTML RELAX NG Module Implementations
- C.1. XHTML Module Implementations
  - C.1.1. Attribute Collections
  - C.1.2. Document
  - C.1.3. Structural
  - C.1.4. Text
  - C.1.5. Hypertext
  - C.1.6. List
  - C.1.7. Core Attributes
  - C.1.8. Hypertext Attributes
  - C.1.9. I18N Attributes
  - C.1.10. Access
  - C.1.11. Bi-directional Text Attribute
  - C.1.12. Edit Attributes
  - C.1.13. Embedding Attributes
  - C.1.14. Image
  - C.1.15. Image Map Attributes
  - C.1.16. Media Attribute
  - C.1.17. Metainformation Attributes
  - C.1.18. Metainformation
  - C.1.19. Object
  - C.1.20. Style Attribute
  - C.1.21. Style Sheet
  - C.1.22. Tables
- C.2. XHTML RELAX NG Support Modules
  - C.2.1. Datatypes
  - C.2.2. Events
  - C.2.3. Param
  - C.2.4. Caption
  - C.2.5. Role Attribute
- C.3. XHTML RELAX NG Legacy Modules
  - C.3.1. Legacy Edit
  - C.3.2. Legacy Headings
  - C.3.3. Legacy Line Break
- C.4. RELAX NG External Modules
  - C.4.1. Ruby
  - C.4.2. Ruby Driver for Full Ruby Markup
  - C.4.3. XML Events
  - C.4.4. XML Handlers
  - C.4.5. XML Script
  - C.4.6. XML Schema instance
  - C.4.7. XForms 1.1
  - C.4.8. XForms Repeat Attribute Collection
D. XHTML 2.0 Schema
- D.1. XHTML 2 Schema Driver
- D.2. XHTML 2 Attribute Collections
- D.3. XHTML 2 Content Model
- D.4. XHTML 2 Modules
E. XHTML Schema Module Implementations
- E.1. Required Modules
  - E.1.1. Datatypes Module
  - E.1.2. Document Module
  - E.1.3. Structural Module
  - E.1.4. Text Module
  - E.1.5. Hypertext Module
  - E.1.6. List Module
  - E.1.7. Core Attributes Module
  - E.1.8. Hypertext Attributes Module
  - E.1.9. I18N Attribute Module
- E.2. Optional Modules
  - E.2.1. Bi-directional Text Module
  - E.2.2. Caption Module
  - E.2.3. Edit Attributes Module
  - E.2.4. Embedding Attributes Module
  - E.2.5. Image Module
  - E.2.6. Image Map Attributes Module
  - E.2.7. Media Attribute Module
  - E.2.8. Metainformation Module
  - E.2.9. Metainformation Attributes Module
  - E.2.10. Object Module
  - E.2.11. Style Sheet Module
  - E.2.12. Style Attribute Module
  - E.2.13. Tables Module
- E.3. Legacy Module
  - E.3.1. Legacy Line Break Module
  - E.3.2. Legacy Editing Module
  - E.3.3. Legacy Headings Module
- E.4. Modules from Other Specifications
  - E.4.1. Access Module
  - E.4.2. Role Attribute Module
  - E.4.3. Ruby Module
  - E.4.4. XForms Modules
  - E.4.5. XML Events Module
  - E.4.6. XML Handlers Module
  - E.4.7. XML Scripting Module
F. XHTML 2.0 Document Type Definition
G. XHTML DTD Module Implementations
- G.1. XHTML Modular Framework
- G.2. XHTML Module Implementations
- G.3. XHTML DTD Support Modules
H. Style sheet for XHTML 2
I. List of Elements
J. List of Attributes
K. Cross-reference Index
L. References
- L.1. Normative References
- L.2. Informative References
M. Acknowledgements