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Slide

Rendering the markup

The Ruby Annotation specification provides no normative text about placement of annotations, leaving it up to the implementation. There are, however, some informative suggestions for user agents with regard to default styling. (There are also useful style properties specified in the CSS3 Ruby Module, which we will discuss in the next section.)

If an implementation follows the advice in the specification you could expect the font size of the annotation to be about half the height of the base text, and for the annotation in simple ruby to appear before the base text. 'Before', in this case, is a technical term used to refer to the area above a normal line of horizontal text, and the area to the right of a line of vertical text whose columns progress right-to-left (eg. vertical Chinese, Japanese and Korean text). You would also expect the ruby text to have the same directionality as the base text (ie. vertical or horizontal). If there are multiple annotations for a single base, you would expect the first to appear before the base, and the second after, ie. below horizontal text and to the left of vertical text whose columns progress right-to-left.

'Before' means to the left of a line of vertical Mongolian text, since the columns progress left-to-right.

This is likely to produce the expected results for Japanese text, but expected behavior may be different in other scripts. The specification notes, for example, that pinyin ruby commonly appears after the base text in Chinese. Additional styling support would be needed to achieve this in simple ruby.

Likewise, the specification draws attention to the fact that bopomofo ruby on Chinese text commonly appears to the right of characters in horizontal text but offers no advice about how to handle that.

Note: Details of ruby formatting in a Japanese print context can be found in JIS X 4051 ("Formatting rules for Japanese documents" (日本語文書の組版方法) JIS X 4051:2004, Japanese Standards Association, 2004 (in Japanese)).

We will also see (next) that there are fallback features defined in the standard that enable base text and ruby to be presented sequentially on user agents that don't yet handle the markup.


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