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HTML+CSS Internationalization Tests
Text direction

This page groups together pages being developed by the Internationalization Core Working Group to assess internationalization support of user agents. These tests are still under development and should not be taken as final.

Note that Internationalization WG tests do not only test conformance with W3C standards. In some cases the tests also allow for exploration of the behavior of user agents in ways not described by the standards.

Bidi algorithm in HTML (no markup) [results]

  1. directional type, ltr context, hebrew
    In a left-to-right context, without markup, styling or special characters, a sequence of Hebrew characters and spaces will progress from right to left.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. directional type, ltr context, arabic
    In a left-to-right context, without markup, styling or special characters, a sequence of Arabic characters and spaces will progress from right to left.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  3. directional type, ltr context, hebrew in english
    In a left-to-right context, without markup, styling or special characters, a sequence of Hebrew characters and spaces will progress from right to left when embedded in a left-to-right script.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  4. directional type, rtl context, english
    In a right-to-left context, without markup, styling or special characters, a sequence of English characters and spaces will progress from left to right.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  5. directional type, rtl context, english in arabic
    In a right-to-left context, without markup, styling or special characters, a sequence of English characters and spaces will progress from left to right when embedded in a right-to-left script.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  6. directional type, rtl context, english in hebrew
    In a right-to-left context, without markup, styling or special characters, a sequence of English characters and spaces will progress from left to right when embedded in a right-to-left script.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  7. numbers, european
    A number takes on the direction of the surrounding text.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  8. numbers, arabic
    A number using Arabic digits takes on the direction of the surrounding text.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Basic block markup tests [results]

Page direction set to RTL

  1. paragraphs
    When the html tag sets dir to rtl, (a) directional runs in a paragraph are ordered right-to-left, (b) the paragraph is right-aligned on the page.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. tables
    When the html tag sets dir to rtl, (a) directional runs in a table are ordered right-to-left, (b) columns run right-to-left, (c) text is right-aligned within cells, and (d) the table is right-aligned on the page.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Direction on element

  1. ltr context, rtl p
    When dir="rtl" is added to a paragraph in a ltr context, (a) directional runs in a paragraph are ordered right-to-left, (b) the paragraph is right-aligned on the page.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. ltr context, rtl table
    When dir="rtl" is added to a table in a ltr context, (a) directional runs in a table are ordered right-to-left, (b) columns run right-to-left, (c) text is right-aligned within cells, and (d) the table is left-aligned on the page.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  3. rtl context, ltr p
    When dir="rtl" is added to a paragraph in a rtl context, (a) directional runs in a paragraph are ordered left-to-right, (b) the paragraph is left-aligned on the page.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  4. rtl context, ltr table
    When dir="rtl" is added to a table in a rtl context, (a) directional runs in a table are ordered left-to-right, (b) columns run left-to-right, (c) text is left-aligned within cells, and (d) the table is right-aligned on the page.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Inheritance from non-html parent

  1. ltr page, rtl div, p
    When dir="rtl" is added to a div in a ltr context, for paragraphs in the div (a) directional runs are ordered right-to-left, (b) the paragraphs are right-aligned on the page.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. ltr page, rtl div, table
    When dir="rtl" is added to a div in a ltr context, for tables in the div (a) directional runs in a table are ordered right-to-left, (b) columns run right-to-left, (c) text is right-aligned within cells, and (d) the table is right-aligned on the page.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  3. rtl page, ltr div, p
    When dir="rtl" is added to a div in a rtl context, for paragraphs in the div (a) directional runs are ordered left-to-right, (b) the paragraphs are left-aligned on the page.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  4. rtl page, ltr div, table
    When dir="rtl" is added to a div in a rtl context, for tables in the div (a) directional runs in a table are ordered left-to-right, (b) columns run left-to-right, (c) text is left-aligned within cells, and (d) the table is left-aligned on the page.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Lists

  1. ordered and unordered lists
    In a rtl context, all list items should start from the right, regardless of the direction of the script in the list item.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. dl lists
    In a rtl context, all list items should start from the right, regardless of the direction of the script in the list item.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Basic inline markup tests[results]

Base direction

  1. base direction, ltr context
    In a left-to-right context, without markup, styling or special characters, a sequence of directional runs will progress from left to right.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. base direction, rtl context
    In a right-to-left context, without markup, styling or special characters, a sequence of directional runs will progress from right-to-left.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Embedded level

  1. neutral in embedded rtl level
    In a ltr context, an inline element with dir set to rtl will produce an embedded directional context that is applied to neutral characters.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. neutral in embedded ltr level
    In a rtl context, an inline element with dir set to ltr will produce an embedded directional context that is applied to neutral characters.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

RLM

  1. neutral associated with rlm entity
    In a ltr context, an rlm entity will give a right-to-left direction to a neutral character.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. neutral associated with rlm entity
    In a rtl context, an lrm entity will give a left-to-right direction to a neutral character.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  3. neutral associated with rlm NCR
    In a ltr context, an NCR representing the RLM character will give a right-to-left direction to a neutral character.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  4. neutral associated with rlm NCR
    In a rtl context, an NCR representing the RLM character will give a left-to-right direction to a neutral character.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

bdo element

  1. bdo, dir ltr
    The bdo element with dir set to ltr causes all contained text to ignore the bidirectional algorithm and displays all characters from left to right.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. bdo, dir rtl
    The bdo element with dir set to rtl causes all contained text to ignore the bidirectional algorithm and displays all characters from right to left.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Direction & unicode-bidi [results]

Direction on inline elements

  1. default context, direction rtl, unicode-bidi embed
    In the default context, if direction:rtl and unicode-bidi:embed are applied to an inline element containing mixed direction text, the text in that element will be displayed correctly.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. default context, direction rtl, unicode-bidi none
    In the default context, if direction:rtl alone is applied to an inline element containing mixed direction text, the different directional runs in that element will not be in the correct order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  3. ltr context, direction rtl, unicode-bidi embed
    In a LTR context, if direction:rtl and unicode-bidi:embed are applied to an inline element containing mixed direction text, the text in that element will be displayed correctly.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  4. ltr context, direction rtl, unicode-bidi none
    In a LTR context, if direction:rtl alone is applied to an inline element containing mixed direction text, the different directional runs in that element will not be in the correct order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  5. rtl context, direction ltr, unicode-bidi embed
    In a RTL context, if direction:ltr and unicode-bidi:embed are applied to a LTR inline element containing mixed direction text, the text in that element will be displayed correctly.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  6. rtl context, direction ltr, unicode-bidi none
    In a RTL context, if direction:ltr alone is applied to a LTR inline element containing mixed direction text, the different directional runs in that element will not be in the correct order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  7. direction of a ltr tspan
    In a RTL context, if direction:ltr and unicode-bidi:embed are applied to an inline element containing mixed direction text, the the inline element will interact with surrounding ltr text as a LTR directional run.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  8. direction of a rtl tspan
    In a LTR context, if direction:rtl and unicode-bidi:embed are applied to an inline element containing mixed direction text, the the inline element will interact with surrounding rtl text as a RTL directional run.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Direction on block elements

  1. on element, direction ltr, unicode-bidi none
    direction:ltr alone on a block element will cause the text to be left-aligned, directional runs to be arranged LTR (but the words should look correct within each run), and punctuation should be treated as LTR.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. on element, direction rtl, unicode-bidi none
    direction:rtl alone on a block element will cause the text to be right-aligned, directional runs to be arranged RTL (but the words should look correct within each run), and punctuation should be treated as RTL.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  3. inherited, direction ltr, unicode-bidi none
    direction:ltr on a container element will be inherited by an embedded block element.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  4. inherited, direction rtl, unicode-bidi none
    direction:rtl on a container element will be inherited by an embedded block element.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Overriding direction on inline elements

  1. default context, direction none, unicode-bidi override
    In the default context, if unicode-bidi:bidi-override and no direction are applied to an inline element containing mixed direction text, the characters in that element will be displayed in backing-store order from left to right.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. default context, direction ltr, unicode-bidi override
    In the default context, if direction:ltr and unicode-bidi:bidi-override are applied to an inline element containing mixed direction text, the characters in that element will be displayed in backing-store order from left to right.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  3. default context, direction rtl, unicode-bidi override
    In the default context, if unicode-bidi:bidi-override and direction:rtl are applied to an inline element containing mixed direction text, the characters in that element will be displayed in reverse backing-store order from left to right.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  4. ltr context, direction none, unicode-bidi override
    In a LTR context, if unicode-bidi:bidi-override and no direction are applied to an inline element containing mixed direction text, the characters in that element will be displayed in backing-store order from left to right.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  5. ltr context, direction ltr, unicode-bidi override
    In a LTR context, if direction:ltr and unicode-bidi:bidi-override are applied to an inline element containing mixed direction text, the characters in that element will be displayed in backing-store order from left to right.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  6. ltr context, direction rtl, unicode-bidi override
    In a LTR context, if unicode-bidi:bidi-override and direction:rtl are applied to an inline element containing mixed direction text, the characters in that element will be displayed in reverse backing-store order from left to right.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  7. rtl context, direction none, unicode-bidi override
    In a RTL context, if unicode-bidi:bidi-override and no direction are applied to a LTR inline element containing mixed direction text, the characters in that element will be displayed in backing-store order from right to left.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  8. rtl context, direction ltr, unicode-bidi override
    In a RTL context, if direction:ltr and unicode-bidi:bidi-override are applied to a LTR inline element containing mixed direction text, the characters in that element will be displayed in reverse backing-store order from right to left.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  9. rtl context, direction rtl, unicode-bidi override
    In a RTL context, if unicode-bidi:bidi-override and direction:rtl are applied to a LTR inline element containing mixed direction text, the characters in that element will be displayed in backing-store order from right to left.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Overriding direction on block elements

  1. on element, direction ltr, unicode-bidi override
    direction:ltr and unicode-bidi:bidi-override on a block element will cause the text to be left-aligned, and all text to be displayed in backing-store order from left to right.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. on element, direction rtl, unicode-bidi override
    direction:rtl and unicode-bidi:bidi-override on a block element will cause the text to be right-aligned, and all text to be displayed in backing-store order from right to left.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  3. inherited, direction ltr, unicode-bidi override
    When direction:ltr and unicode-bidi:bidi-override is set on a block element, the override will not be inherited by a child block element, but the direction will.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  4. inherited, direction rtl, unicode-bidi override
    When direction:rtl and unicode-bidi:bidi-override is set on a block element, the override will not be inherited by a child block element, but the direction will.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Overriding direction on block elements with mixed content

  1. right to left block
    When direction:ltr and unicode-bidi:bidi-override is set on a block element containing block and inline elements, only the direction of the inline text will be overridden.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. left to right block
    When direction:rtl and unicode-bidi:bidi-override is set on a block element containing block and inline elements, only the direction of the inline text will be overridden.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  3. inner block converted to inline
    When direction:rtl and unicode-bidi:bidi-override is set on a block element containing block and inline elements, and CSS is used to change the block element to an inline element, the direction of all the text will be overridden.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

User agent chrome and bidi text[results]

Scrollbar alignment

  1. dir on html, vertical scrollbar alignment
    [Exploratory test] When the html tag sets dir to rtl, the browser window's vertical scroll bar will be on the usual side of the window.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. dir on body, vertical scrollbar alignment
    [Exploratory test] When the body tag sets dir to rtl, the browser window's vertical scroll bar will be on the usual side of the window.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Alert box

  1. dir on html, javascript alert box
    [Exploratory test] When the html tag sets dir to rtl, (a) the layout of the JavaScript alert box has the same direction as usual (b) text runs are in the correct order (c) characters within a directional run are in the right order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. dir on body, javascript alert box
    [Exploratory test] When the body tag sets dir to rtl, (a) the layout of the JavaScript alert box has the same direction as usual (b) text runs are in the correct order (c) characters within a directional run are in the right order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  3. local dir, javascript alert box
    [Exploratory test] When dir is set to rtl on a local element, (a) the layout of the JavaScript alert box has the same direction as usual (b) text runs are in the correct order (c) characters within a directional run are in the right order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  4. javascript alert box with Unicode controls
    [Exploratory test] When Unicode directional control characters surround text to be displayed on a JavaScript alert, text runs on the dialog box appear in the correct order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Confirm box

  1. dir on html, javascript confirm box
    [Exploratory test] When the html tag sets dir to rtl, (a) the layout of the JavaScript confirm box has the same direction as usual (b) text runs are in the correct order (c) characters within a directional run are in the right order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. dir on body, javascript confirm box
    [Exploratory test] When the body tag sets dir to rtl, (a) the layout of the JavaScript confirm box has the same direction as usual (b) text runs are in the correct order (c) characters within a directional run are in the right order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  3. local dir, javascript confirm box
    [Exploratory test] When dir is set to rtl on a local element, (a) the layout of the JavaScript confirm box has the same direction as usual(b) text runs are in the correct order (c) characters within a directional run are in the right order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  4. javascript confirm box with Unicode controls
    [Exploratory test] When Unicode directional control characters surround text to be displayed on a JavaScript confirm box, text runs on the dialog box appear in the correct order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Prompt box

  1. dir on html, javascript prompt box
    [Exploratory test] When the html tag sets dir to rtl, (a) the layout of the JavaScript prompt box has the same direction as usual (b) text runs on the chrome are in the correct order (c) characters within a directional run on the chrome are in the right order (d) text runs in default input are in the correct order (c) characters within a directional run in default input are in the right order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. dir on body, javascript prompt box
    [Exploratory test] When the body tag sets dir to rtl, (a) the layout of the JavaScript prompt box has the same direction as usual (b) text runs on the chrome are in the correct order (c) characters within a directional run on the chrome are in the right order (d) text runs in default input are in the correct order (c) characters within a directional run in default input are in the right order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  3. local dir, javascript prompt box
    [Exploratory test] When dir is set to rtl on a local element, (a) the layout of the JavaScript prompt box has the same direction as usual (b) text runs on the chrome are in the correct order (c) characters within a directional run on the chrome are in the right order (d) text runs in default input are in the correct order (c) characters within a directional run in default input are in the right order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  4. javascript prompt box with Unicode controls
    [Exploratory test] When Unicode directional control characters surround text to be displayed on a JavaScript prompt box, (a) text runs on the dialog box chrome, and (b) text runs for the initial prompt appear in the correct order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Tooltips

  1. dir on html, tooltip text starts with RTL
    [Exploratory test] When the html tag sets dir to rtl, (a) text runs in tooltip popups are in the correct order (b) characters within a directional run in tooltip popups are in the right order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. dir on html, tooltip text starts with LTR
    [Exploratory test] When the html tag sets dir to rtl, (a) text runs in tooltip popups are in the correct order (b) characters within a directional run in tooltip popups are in the right order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  3. dir on body, tooltip text starts with RTL
    [Exploratory test] When the body tag sets dir to rtl, (a) text runs in tooltip popups are in the correct order (b) characters within a directional run in tooltip popups are in the right order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  4. dir on body, tooltip text starts with LTR
    [Exploratory test] When the body tag sets dir to rtl, (a) text runs in tooltip popups are in the correct order (b) characters within a directional run in tooltip popups are in the right order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  5. local dir, tooltip text starts with RTL
    [Exploratory test] When dir is set to rtl on a local element, (a) text runs in tooltip popups are in the correct order (b) characters within a directional run in tooltip popups are in the right order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  6. local dir, tooltip text starts with LTR
    [Exploratory test] When dir is set to rtl on a local element, (a) text runs in tooltip popups are in the correct order (b) characters within a directional run in tooltip popups are in the right order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  7. tooltip text with Unicode controls
    [Exploratory test] When Unicode directional control characters surround attribute text to be displayed in a tooltip, text runs in the tooltip appear in the correct order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Page title

  1. dir on html, page title text begins with RTL
    [Exploratory test] When the html tag sets dir to rtl, (a) directional runs in the window title are in the correct order (b) characters within a directional run in the window title are in the right order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. dir on html, page title text begins with LTR
    [Exploratory test] When the html tag sets dir to rtl, (a) directional runs in the window title are in the correct order (b) characters within a directional run in the window title are in the right order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  3. page title text with Unicode controls
    [Exploratory test] When Unicode directional control characters surround the text in the text element, text runs in the window title location appear in the correct order.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Unicode control characters

Overrides

  1. RLO/PDF around inline text
    Inline text surrounded by RLO and PDF controls will run right to left.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. RLO/PDF around inline element
    Text in an inline element surrounded by RLO and PDF controls will run right to left.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  3. RLO/PDF around inline text around inline element
    Inline text that includes an inline element and is surrounded by RLO and PDF controls will all run right to left in a single flow.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  4. RLO/PDF around block element
    Text in a block element surrounded by RLO and PDF controls will not run right to left.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  5. RLO/PDF around inline text around block element
    When text that surrounds a block element is surrounded in turn by RLO and PDF controls, only the text outside the block element will run right to left.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Vertical text [results]

Writing-mode, single script

  1. chinese
    Setting writing-mode to tb-rl will cause Chinese text to run vertically down the left size of a box, with upright characters, and wrap to the left, and cause paragraphs to flow to the left.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. japanese
    Setting writing-mode to tb-rl will cause Japanese text using kanji, hiragana and katakana to run vertically down the left size of a box, with upright characters, and wrap to the left, and cause paragraphs to flow to the left.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  3. mongolian
    Setting writing-mode to tb-lr will cause Mongolian text to run vertically down the left size of a box, with upright characters, and wrap to the right, and cause paragraphs to flow to the right.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1

Writing-mode, basic mixed scripts

  1. latin in chinese
    Setting writing-mode to tb-rl will cause Latin text embedded in vertical Chinese to flow down the page, with letters rotated 90 degrees clockwise, and wrap to the left.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  2. latin in mongolian
    Setting writing-mode to tb-lr will cause Latin text embedded in vertical Mongolian to flow down the page, with letters rotated 90 degrees clockwise, and wrap to the right.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  3. arabic in chinese
    Setting writing-mode to tb-rl will cause Arabic text embedded in vertical Chinese to flow up the page, with letters rotated to the right, and wrap to the left, such that the Arabic lines are read right to left, and the letters join correctly.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  4. arabic in mongolian
    Setting writing-mode to tb-lr will cause Arabic text embedded in vertical Mongolian to flow up the page, with letters rotated to the right, and wrap to the right, such that the Arabic lines are read left to right, and the letters join correctly.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  5. mongolian in chinese
    Setting writing-mode to tb-rl will cause Mongolian text embedded in vertical Chinese to flow down the page, with letters in the normal vertical orientation, and wrap to the left.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
  6. chinese in mongolian
    Setting writing-mode to tb-lr will cause Chinese text embedded in vertical Mongolian to flow down the page, with letters upright, and wrap to the right.
    HTML4 HTML5 XHTML1.0html XHTML1.0xml XHTML5 XHTML1.1
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Content last changed 2010-04-30 6:59 GMT.