Articles, best practices & tutorials
You can also find resources using the Technique index and Topic index, which provide more fine-grained access to information.
Characters
- Character encodings for beginners
- Character encodings
- Character sets & encodings in XHTML, HTML and CSS
- Changing (X)HTML page encoding to UTF-8
- Setting encoding in web authoring applications
- Using character entities and NCRs
- Document character set
- CSS character encoding declarations
- Setting the HTTP Charset parameter
- Setting charset information in .htaccess
- Checking HTTP headers
- Checking the character encoding using the validator
- Character Model for the World Wide Web 1.0: Fundamentals
- Display problems caused by the UTF-8 BOM
- HTML, XHTML, XML and control codes
- Missing characters and glyphs
- Who uses Unicode?
- Migrating to Unicode
Language
- Specifying Language in XHTML & HTML Content
- Language tags in HTML and XML
- Choosing a language tag NEW!
- 2-letter or 3-letter language codes
- Why use the language attribute?
- Setting language preferences in a browser
- Declaring Language in XHTML and HTML
- xml:lang in XML document schemas
- Tagging text with no language
- Using HTTP and meta for language information
- Understanding the New Language Tags (historic)
- Accept-Language used for locale setting
Text direction
- Creating HTML Pages in Arabic & Hebrew and other Right-to-left Scripts
- Creating SVG Tiny Pages in Arabic, Hebrew and other Right-to-Left Scripts
- What you need to know about the bidi algorithm and inline markup
- Authoring HTML: Handling Right-to-left Scripts
- Unicode controls vs. markup for bidi support
- Using Unicode controls for bidi text
- CSS vs. markup for bidi support
- Bidi space loss
- Script directions & languages