Economic recession Depression, Economic Recession, Economic Economic depression Aircraft carriers Warships Destroyers Carriers (Warships) Company directors Managing directors Board of directors Executive directors Directors of companies Subsidies Payments by government to specific industries to compensate for losses Budgets Vegetation Archives Syllabus Courses of study Curriculum Trucks Drawings Environmental impact analysis Environmental impact studies Environmental assessment Singers Vocalists Disorganisation, Social Social structure Social order Also used as subdivision under regions, countries, Australian states or territories and Australian capital cities e.g. Sydney: Buildings Buildings Accounting profession Accountants Human behaviour Conduct Behaviour South Africa See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Region defined by the continent east of the Ural Mountains, including the islands south of the Asian continent and north of Australia and excluding those countries generally referred to as the Middle East. See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Asia Inventions Discoveries, Scientific Scientific discoveries Justice Employment policy Policy, Employment Animal diseases Arts festivals Festivals, Arts Art and methodology of writing, in the how-to sense Writing Rape Orchestras National estate Heritage Snakes See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Philippines Debt, Public Public debt Government debts. Articles on public and/or private debts to foreign creditors are entered under Foreign debt Koori peoples Aborigines Murri peoples Australian Aborigines See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Japan Lead Armed forces Defence forces Services, Military Military services Multilingualism Bilingualism Recreation Leisure Rates (Property) Securities Includes shares, bonds and other negotiable instruments which establish or represent ownership or debt Deductions, Income tax Income tax deductions Portraits Crime victims Victims of crime Violence victims Theft Burglary Larceny Robbery Stealing Taxonomy Classification North Americans Computer assisted instruction Engineering Courts Education Public works Infrastructure Use for the provision, construction and maintenance of basic facilities which serve the community (e.g. roads, water supplies, electric utilities, transportation and communication networks) Social capital (Economics) Athletes Law, Industrial Industrial law Productivity Industrial productivity Sacred music Music created for devotional services or on sacred themes for general audiences. Includes choirs specialising in performance of religious music Religious music Accountability Unemployment benefits Ambassadors Diplomacy Consular service Alternative lifestyle Subculture Counter culture Public utilities Utility services Moslems Mohammedans Muslims Islam Darwin See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Includes automated and manual retrieval of information Information retrieval Corporations law Law, Company Company law Principles, rules and legislation that govern the organisation, registration, officials and capitalisation of businesses Community development Free enterprise Capitalism Education, Tertiary Higher education Tertiary education Consumers Customers Airlines Aviation Aeronautics Mortality Death rate Insurance, Vehicles Vehicle insurance Politicians Aboriginal archaeology Use for the study of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander prehistoric culture chiefly through excavation and description of its material remains Aboriginal prehistory Prehistory, Aboriginal Rivers Legal education Education, Law Education, Legal Public relations Bark paintings Health of women Women and health Child abuse Battered children Ill treated children Hearing Motor racing Mental illness Pay television Pay TV Cable television Educational theory Educational philosophy Includes the goals and purposes of education Philosophy, Educational Games Embezzlement Forgery Misrepresentation Fraud Company executives Executives Business executives Light Radiation Venoms Toxicology Poisons Reproduction (Biological) Primary education Education, Primary Early childhood education Nationality Citizenship Forgetfulness Memory Forensic science IQ Intelligence Vitamins Western Australia See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Latin America Central America Region defined as south of United States and northwest of Colombia. Also includes West Indies and other islands in the Caribbean Sea. See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Nuclear weapons Atomic weapons Meat Nuclear fallout Nuclear wastes Radioactive wastes Fallout, Nuclear Evolution Sickness benefit Law, Labour Law, Employment Employment law Labour law Use for comprehensive works on the Pacific area, including the Pacific Ocean, its islands and the various adjacent mainland region. For works on specific adjacent countries, use the heading for that country. See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Oceania Pacific Ocean region Information, Freedom of secrecy Freedom of information Includes Torres Strait Islanders and the law Aborigines and the law Reserves Wilderness areas Foreign aid Aid, International Overseas aid International aid Isolated areas Remote areas Use for articles discussing areas identified as distant from usual services and amenities. Use Rural conditions for general articles on non-urban areas Outback Lobbying Pressure groups Wheat Astronomy Skilled labour Old age Ageing Elderly Aged Educational institutions Medical records Stochastic models Use for mathematical and statistical techniques applied to all disciplines except economics, for example, weather patterns, road transport patterns etc. See also note under Econometrics Mathematical models City planning Urban planning Town planning See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Canada Use for works discussing management procedures and practices applied to individual resources, and designed to manage exploitation while minimising damage to the resource Natural resource management Resource management Composers Couples, Unmarried Cohabitation Primarily, although not exclusively used for unmarried couples (including same sex couples) living together Living together Same sex couples De facto relationships Use for education in any language. In most cases the heading for the language involved can be signified by a minor descriptor. Use consistent identifier and cross reference, e.g. French language, Chinese languages Language teaching Language education Education, Language Insurrection Revolution Coups d'etat Cookery Borders Frontiers Boundaries Copyright and the Internet Internet and copyright Sentences (Law) Sentencing Prison sentences Self esteem Self perception Egoism Glass Acquisitions (Libraries) Collection development (Libraries) Library acquisitions Tax evasion Tax avoidance Germany Use for the region of Germany, including East and West Germany. See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions. Until June 1986 the descriptors Germany (Democratic Republic) and Germany (Federal Republic) were used Historiography Research into and writing of history Historians Dairying Nursing Terrorism Cost of living Living standards Standard of living Covers general works discussing the standard of living and works dealing with authoritative models to measure living standards Personality Surgery Trade Commerce Also used as subdivision under regions, countries, Australian states or territories and Australian capital cities for discussions on trade conducted within or by those places e.g. Australia: Commerce Prostitution Brothels Libraries Road safety Social justice Social responsibility Marine life Biological term. For commercial fishing of particular marine life use Fisheries as a descriptor together with the name of the individual marine life in the Identifier paragraph Marine biology Industrial disputes Work bans Strikes Prime ministers Libraries, Public Public libraries Law firms Firms, Law Innovation, Technological Technological innovation Technological change Oil Petroleum Youth suicide Tribal society Society, Primitive Use for works dealing with pre-Classical Age societies in Europe and pre-contact or pre-colonial societies Primitive society Anthropology Secondary schools High schools Schools, Secondary Teacher education Teacher training Disclosure (Accounting) Staff reduction Retrenchment Dismissals, Staff Flags Literary criticism Use only for the art of literary criticism Direct taxation Income tax Financial statements Balance sheets Parliamentary committees Committees, Parliamentary Inquiries (Parliamentary) Includes individual Parliamentary committees and their reports Slavery Joint ventures Travel Also used as subdivision Description and travel under regions, countries, Australian states or territories and Australian capital cities e.g. Australia: Description and travel Childbirth Birth Playwrights Stock broking Housing Houses Dwellings Secondary education Education, Secondary Quotas Disasters Catastrophes Secret service Counter intelligence Espionage Intelligence services Business insurance Insurance, Business Programmes, Television Television programmes Procedure requiring that the two principal parties be the decision makers without the aid of a third party Negotiation Use for works discussing the administration of government policy and legislation at the country level. Use also for general works and for comparisons of Public administration across various levels of government Public service management Government Government administration Public administration Land subdivision Subdivision of land Torts Civil wrongs Use for specific mine complexes and discussion of proposed sites for specific mines Mines Schools, Ethnic Ethnic schools Food Jazz Until Nov 1980 the descriptor Jazz music was used Cafes Hospitality industry Restaurants Genetically modified crops Genetically modified foods Genetically engineered foods GM foods Electronic surveillance East Timor See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Beaches Children Dancing Dance Horticulture Education, Community Education, Continuing Education beyond school which requires no formal qualifications Further education Education, Adult Adult education Continuing education New Zealand See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Persons with expressive or receptive language defects not caused by speech impediments Language disabled Language handicapped People with language disabilities Pulpwood Woodchipping Speech Until June 1986 the descriptor Speech therapy was used Marxism Historical materialism Use for political theories, parties and movements grounded in the ideas of Marx, aiming towards a society embodying common ownership of the means of production, distribution and exchange. Class here Marxist theories advocating the revolutionary overthrow of the state Communism From Jan 1978-June 1985 the term World War (1939-1945) was used in the Name paragraph Second World War World War 2 Anzus Treaty Mergers Consolidation of companies Company mergers Takeovers, Company Amalgamation of companies Digital television High definition television employing digital technology Collecting Primary students Students, Primary Includes Torres Strait Islander education Aboriginal education Education, Aboriginal Postal services Mail Geology Jubilees Celebrations Anniversaries Current account (Trade) Balance of payments Photography Alternative schools Private schools Independent schools Schools, Private Schools, Independent Accidents Methodology Research Scholarship (Academic) Divorce Festivals Viticulture Wine Vineyards Bridges Socialism Social democracy Socialist movements Theories, parties and movements advocating the gradual reform of society by legal means to bring about a society characterised by greater equality and possible common ownership of the means of production, distribution and exchange Photocopying Time Chronology Country life Use for articles discussing non-urban areas in general. Use Remote areas for articles discussing isolated non-urban areas Rural conditions Clerical work Office work Use as a major descriptor only for the art of compiling, analysing etc statistics. Use as a minor descriptor if the article contains substantial or important statistical data on a subject Statistics Landscape design Affirmative action for women Cash flow Crops Agricultural produce Fertility Education, Nursing Nursing education Drug trafficking Alternative dispute resolution Complaints procedures Dispute procedures Grievance procedures Stolen generations Refers to Aboriginal children who were removed from their families or communities between 1939 and 1970 in order to enforce their integration into 'white' society Actors Actors and actresses Ministers (Government) Government ministers Contracts Slander Defamation Libel Restitution (Law) Law of restitution The restoration of money, property or rights previously taken away, conveyed or surrendered Water resources Lawyers Legal profession Auditing Biology Child psychology Nature conservation Articles describing particular processes or activities which preserve the natural environment Conservation (Natural resources) Environmental protection Technological impact of human activities on natural ecosystems Environmental impact Refugees Asylum seekers Displaced persons Boat people Referenda Colleges of advanced education Law Regulations Legislation Also used as subdivision Law and legislation under regions, countries, Australian states or territories and Australian capital cities e.g. Australia: Law and legislation Humanity Human race Mankind Man Trials Epistemology Knowledge (Theory) Cotton Humanities Visual display units VDUs Show business Performing arts Employment Work Policy Use for general works on policy only. Use the general policy headings where established. For works dealing with policy in specific subject areas use the heading for the specific subject area Demography Population studies Regulation, Banking Banking regulation Government regulation of banks Electronic banking Cyberbanking Remote banking E-money Feminism Meetings Congresses Conferences Conventions (Meetings) Privacy Business mortgages Business finance Archaeology, Historical Historical archaeology Archaeology, Industrial Archaeology of European discovery and settlement since 1600 Industrial archaeology Motorcycles Motor bikes British people Sustainability Development, Sustainable Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs Sustainable development Criticism Use for general works on analysing and judging. Use a narrower term if possible. Work on criticism in a specific subject area should appear under the specific subject with Criticism as a minor descriptor Immigration Migration National characteristics Ecological economics Accounting, Environmental Environmental accounting Child health Tax on consumption of goods and services paid by the wholesale purchaser or the retailer. See note under Consumption tax Sales tax Wholesale tax Office equipment World Wide Web (WWW) Internet Hearing defective People with aural disabilities Aurally handicapped Deaf Hearing impaired Aurally disabled Taxation reform Reform, Taxation Royalties Travel motivated by one or more aspects of the culture of a particular area Cultural tourism Medicine Prizes Rewards Honours Orders (Awards) Decorations Awards Swimming Pop music Coaching (Sports) Partnerships Financial aspects of State and Territory governments Finance, State government State and territory government finance Territory government finance Driving Motoring Video equipment Video recording and reproduction equipment Fringe benefits tax Armaments Weapons Government Use for very general articles only. Prefer use of subdivision Politics and government under regions, countries, Australian States or Territories and Australian capital cities for discussions of political matters relating to the jurisdiction in question e.g. Australia: Politics and government. For political theory use Political science Politics Architects Business regulation Regulation, Trade Trade regulation Government regulation of business activity Fires Minerals Government accounting Australians Decorative arts Arts involving the creation of works that serve functional and aesthetic purposes Delinquency, Juvenile Juvenile delinquency Youth crime University graduates Graduates College graduates Therapy Therapeutics Promotion (Advertising) Commercials Advertising Africans Proprietary names Names of businesses, companies, manufacturers etc Trade names Business names Trusts Power (Philosophy) Law, International International law South Americans Latin America See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions South America Royal families Australian fiction Fiction, Australian Death Feminist art Building societies Aged care Care of the aged Industrial democracy Employee participation Worker participation Temples Churches Shrines Religious buildings Licences Discussions of licences as a means of control or of producing revenue Parents Also used as subdivision under regions, countries, Australian states or territories and Australian capital cities for discussions on the cultural activities of those areas, e.g. Australia: Culture Culture Architecture Building design Employment of migrants Migrants and employment Animal rights Seamen Sailors Packaging Road accidents Traffic accidents Machinery Professional fees Fees, Professional Profits Dreaming stories Includes Torres Strait Islander religion Aboriginal religion Cooperatives Environmental audit Books Business Free enterprise Gay and lesbian youth Homosexual youth See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Northern Territory Energy consumption Fatherless homes One parent families Single parent families Motherless homes Dissent Freedom of speech Finance, International International finance Energy resources Power resources Spending Consumption (Economics) Teenagers Youth Adolescents Beer Information economy New world of social and commercial interaction brought about by advances in information technology Knowledge-based economy See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Indian Ocean region Storage warehouses Warehouses Women artists Manuscripts Aerodromes Airports Suicide Poor Destitution Poverty Finance, Public Government finance Public finance Public expenditures Asians Income tax law Law, Income tax Cost accounting Submarines Foreign exchange International exchange Exchange, Foreign Leadership Judiciary Judges Women's studies Studies encompassing the historical and contemporary social, political and cultural situation of women Use for general works on reform or restructuring. Use a narrower term if possible. Works on reform or restructuring in specific subject areas should appear under the subject with Reform as a minor descriptor Restructuring Reform Educational management Educational administration Systems analysis State and territory government administration Territory government administration Use for works discussing the administration of State or Territory government policy and legislation. See note under Public administration for comparative works Dress Clothing Irrigation Housekeeping Domestic science Home economics GST VAT A consumption tax imposed on the sale of goods and services at each stage of the production and distribution cycle Goods and services tax Value added tax Libraries and the Internet Internet and libraries Ecumenism Religious cooperation Christian union Church unity History, Oral Use as a major descriptor only for the art of recording the oral recollections of persons concerning their life or past events. Use as a minor descriptor if the article consists of or contains a substantial work of oral history Oral history Vietnamese people Government advisory bodies Working parties (Government) Committees and inquiries Includes individual committees and inquiries and their reports Task forces (Government) Inquiries (Government) Athletics Toiletries Rehabilitation of individuals to the best possible level of physical, mental, emotional, social or vocational wellbeing through education and/or therapy. Until Nov 1999 the descriptor Rehabilitation was used Rehabilitation (People) Aluminium Disabled People with disabilities Handicapped Offenders Criminals Organised crime Crime, Organised Crime, Professional Professional crime Digital technology Use as a major descriptor only for the art of writing biography. Use as a minor descriptor for articles with a substantial biographical content Biography Science Includes Torres Strait Islander communities Aboriginal communities Aboriginal reserves Competitions Aboriginal literature Encompasses the traditional art of storytelling and new media such as literature, theatre, poetry and prose developed through the written word. Includes Torres Strait Islander literature Inflation Banks Banking Gambling Gaming Betting Includes Torres Strait Islander children Aboriginal children Use for articles on how to write, design or publish reports. For articles analysing reports of committees, use Committees and inquiries Reports Report writing Metals Pharmacy Public enterprises Government business enterprises Government owned authorities or agencies undertaking commercial activities Aspects of social relations characterised by reciprocity and trust that enable individuals, groups and institutions to interact and work together Social capital Transfer of public assets and service functions to the private sector Privatisation Physicians Medical practitioners General practitioners Doctors Sexual harassment Medical services Health services Trafficking Contraband trade Illegal trade Smuggling Until July 1985 the descriptor Design, Industrial was used Design Graphic design Computer aided design Product design Industrial design Opera Vandalism Malicious damage Nursing homes Convalescent homes Retail trade Libraries, Territory Libraries, State State and territory libraries Children's courts Juvenile courts Courts, Juvenile Bushfires Use as a major descriptor only for works about specific bushfires. Use Fire control as a minor descriptor if the work discusses fire prevention and control techniques. Use Bushfires and Fire control as major descriptors for the same work only when major bushfires and bushfire prevention and control techniques are discussed Supernatural Occult Economic growth Economic development Coasts Water sports Aquatic sports Councils Municipal councils Town councils Local government Shire councils Stage Theatre International trade International commerce Cities Towns Insurance, Disability Disability insurance Insurance for prolonged period of incapacity to work Industrial equipment Capital Blood Includes blood banks and blood donors Seas Oceans Agricultural research Displays Shows Exhibitions Laser discs Shipping Materials handling Materials management Mechanical handling Girls Botany Libraries, National National libraries Livestock Cricket Graveyards Cemeteries Brand names Mark, name or symbol used by a manufacturer to designate and to distinguish their goods Trade marks Roman Catholicism Catholicism Olympic Games Nuclear war Companies General articles only. For items on individual companies, use Companies, Individual and also a name heading Corporations International federation International organisations Used for worldwide or regional political organisation of nations. Includes individual organisations which are international in scope World state International organisation Savings Arid zones Deserts Ruins Historic sites Pacific Islanders Political parties Parties, Political Wage fixation People providing principal care for the chronically ill or those with disabilities in the home. For care of the aged, use Aged care. Caregivers Carers See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Brisbane Entomology Insects Law and women Term used in relation to women's legal rights Women and the law Music Musicians Protestantism Neighbourhoods Social units having common rights or interests within a larger society. They need not be geographically defined Communities Torres Strait Islanders Environmental law Law, Environmental Drama Plays Racism Racial discrimination Murder Manslaughter Homicide Social problems Market research Mining, Coal Coal mining May be subdivided by countries, Australian states or territories and Australian capital cities e.g. Elections: New South Wales. Use relevant State or Territory subdivision for works on local government elections not in capital cities. See Appendix 1 for examples of use and associated subdivision Elections Suffrage Polls Franchise Voting University students Students, Tertiary Tertiary students Monks Nuns Religious orders Hedging (Finance) Futures Franchising Consulting services Consultancy Household insurance Insurance, Household Railways Trains Interest rates Economic commodities Commodities See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Adelaide Rights, Legal Legal rights Computer hardware Hardware, Computer Electronic data processing Automatic data processing Computers Company reports Intercultural education Multicultural education Education, Multicultural See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions United States USA Use as a major descriptor only for the task of setting, surveying, fixing etc prices. Use as a minor descriptor if the article includes substantial data on the prices of items Prices Dockers Stevedores Waterside workers Information management Precious stones Minerals and other materials selected for adornment because of their beauty Gems Folklife Tradition based and/or contemporary expressive culture repeated and shared within a community, and accepted by it as an adequate reflection of its cultural and social identity. For articles on individual folk arts use specific arts descriptors e.g. Music Housing finance Home mortgages Tribunals Democracy Shearing Outer space Space Library science Librarianship Aircraft, Military Naval aviation Military aircraft Military aviation Aviation, Military Men Public transport Forestry Perceptual development Cognitive development Intellectual development Mental development Also used as subdivision Description and travel under regions, countries, Australian states or territories and Australian capital cities for discussions of geographical features e.g. Australia: Description and travel Geography Sex differences Sex role Cataloguing Metal work Forging Welding Metalwork Foundrywork Gold Repetition injuries Student assessment Academic achievement Grading of students Assessment (Students) Hospitals Also used as subdivision Defences under regions and countries e.g. Australia: Defences Defence Accommodation Land use Land resources Freeways Highways Motorways Roads Marsupials South Africans Animals Soils Social work Patients International agreements Agreements (International) Treaties Includes individual treaties Liquidation Bankruptcy Business failure Insolvency Receivership Schoolteachers Teachers Girls and education Education and women Women and education Electronics Organ transplantations Tissue transplantations Transplantations, Medical Medical transplantations New Zealanders Antiques Violence Outsourcing Competitive tendering and contracting Gardens Orchestral music Art education Education, Art Cyclones Computer crime Aboriginal health Includes Torres Strait Islander health Conflict of interests Counselling Cults Cabinet Forest conservation Conservation, Forest Finance, Health Health economics Use for works on the economic aspects of the health system, from the point of view of either the practitioners or the public Economics, Health Physical fitness Foreign languages Works dealing with language in general, the origins and history of language and surveys of languages Languages English language Use for general works on planning. Use a more specific term if possible Planning Gales Winds Educational programmes and services for disabled or gifted people Special education Education, Special Africa Region defined by the African continent excluding those countries generally referred to as the Middle East. See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Conservatism Government authorities established by statute|generally they are functionally separate from responsible department Statutory authorities Safety Aboriginal men Includes Torres Strait Islander men Manufacturing Privilege (Law) Use only for the art of bibliography Bibliography See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Sydney Trade unions Unions, Trade Guilds Film industry Perth See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Salaries Wages Mentally disabled Mentally handicapped People with intellectual disabilities Intellectually handicapped Intellectually disabled Employers Female homosexuality Lesbianism Australian Public Affairs Information Service (APAIS) thesaurus Globalisation Internationalisation Term used to denote a single world society in relation to social, cultural, scientific, economic and humanistic questions Printmaking Reading Events from the viewpoint of ordinary people or history concentrating on everyday life in social groups. Also used as subdivision under regions, countries, Australian states or territories and Australian capital cities e.g. Australia: Social history Social history History, Social Agricultural technology Includes use of computers, electronics and machinery Technology, Agricultural Basketball Monetary transactions Includes cashing cheques, drafts, money orders, etc. or a fee Currency exchanges (Domestic) Census Labour Workforce Victoria See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Weather Climate Juries Family Kinship Education, Medical Medical education Used for commercial fishing. Add name of particular item fished in the Identifier paragraph, e.g. Tuna Fisheries Use for biographical discussions of particular artists and their works Artists Use for general articles only. See also individual names of associations Associations Societies Professional associations Abuse, Sexual Sexual abuse Corporate secretaries Secretaries, Company Company secretaries Boys TQM Total quality management Quality of performance of all processes, products and services of an organisation Quality management, Total Recreational facilities Income Law, Commercial Commercial law Principles, rules and legislation, drawn chiefly from common law, that govern commercial activity in the marketplace Music education Education, Music See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions China Drug abuse Discussions on the harmful use of drugs, whether legal or illegal Information services Reference services Foreign debt Debt, External Public and/or private debts owed to foreign creditors. Articles on government debt are entered under Debt, Public Debt, Foreign Correction Discipline Punishment Navigation Musical instruments Military bases Applied science Technology Literacy Art General discussions on art only Women Urban renewal Jokes Wit Humour Pornography Film producers and directors Abortion Riots Demonstrations Gas Atomic power Includes nuclear power plants Nuclear energy Law, Martial Military law Law, Military Martial law Health Local government finance Finance, Local government Resource tax Workers' compensation Sailing Yachting Censorship Natural resources Also used as subdivision Industries and resources under regions, countries, Australian states or territories and Australian capital cities e.g. Australia: Industries and resources Primitive tools Tools, Primitive Financial institutions Grain Financial management Pioneer settlement Settlers Supply and demand Demand and supply Computer applications Feelings Emotions Also used as subdivision under regions, countries, Australian states or territories and Australian capital cities for discussions on government economic policies e.g. Australia: Economic policy Policy, Economic Economic policy Cinematographers Articles on the technical aspects of making films Cinematography Football Bioethics Moral and ethical considerations in the life sciences field South Australia See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Building materials Restrictive trade practices Antitrust See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Torres Strait Islands Parks Reserves Endangered animals Endangered plants Endangered species Conveyancing Rights of women Women's rights Women's liberation Emancipation of women Includes both foreign investment in Australia and overseas investment by Australians Investment, Foreign Foreign investment Children's services Child welfare Bushrangers Printing Typography Import controls Tariffs Customs duties Indirect taxation Duties Protection (Trade) Boats Interactive media Multimedia materials Multimedia A combination of video (still and motion), graphics, text and audio using interactive programmes sourced from rapid access disks such as CD-ROM and usually accessed via a computer. Human resource management Personnel management HRM Capital gains tax Adoption Child placement Social values Values Cultural values Not to be used for individual local histories. Used only for the study and writing of local history History, Local Local history Toys Refers to the techniques and skills associated with particular mediums Handicrafts Craft Standards, Accounting Accounting standards Test tube fertilisation In vitro fertilisation History, Art History of art Art history Study of man-made visual forms in periods from prehistory to the present Sports Songs Copyright Aboriginal women Includes Torres Strait Islander women Old age pensions Age pensions External study Education, Distance Distance education Correspondence study See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions India Use for general works on mining activity. See note under Mines for works on specific mine complexes Mining Policy, Monetary Monetary policy Cars Automobiles Motor cars See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Australia Sugar Prosecution Offices Tankers Ships Aboriginal employment Includes Torres Strait Islander employment Employment of Aborigines Creativity Music created by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander artists, including music using traditional indigenous forms and/or instruments Aboriginal music Industry deregulation Deregulation, Industry Entertainers Professions Solar energy Includes Torres Strait Islander languages Aboriginal languages Diet Geographical exploration Exploration Motivation Ergonomics Environmental pollution Pollution Includes Torres Strait Islander land rights Aboriginal land rights Land rights, Aboriginal Used mainly for ethnic groups in Australia but includes ethnic groups elsewhere Ethnic groups Racial groups Migrant communities Common law Law, Common Case law Industry, Industrial relations in Industrial relations in industry Electronic funds transfer Transfer of funds Sand Hobart See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Ministers of religion Bishops Clergy Priests Support centres Refuges Crisis centres Until Nov 1980 the descriptor Vehicles, Military was used Vehicles The law pertaining to the sea Maritime law Law of the sea Law, Maritime Agricultural education Education, Agricultural Numeracy Social conditions Use a narrower term if possible. Also used as subdivision under regions, countries, Australian states or territories and Australian capital cities e.g. Australia: Social conditions Industrial parks Technology parks Self-contained areas where utilities and general services are provided to a group of individual businesses Business parks Also used as subdivision Industries and resources under regions, countries, Australian states or territories and Australian capital cities e.g. Australia: Industries and resources Industry Health insurance Insurance, Health Landforms Land forms Special schools Schools, Special Schools providing education for children suffering from some mental or physical disability or with unusual needs or talents Energy conservation Conservation of energy Power conservation Tobacco Silver Pastoral industry Grazing Steel Cycling Apprenticeships See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Russia Working conditions Work practices The practice of channelling illegally obtained money through a third party in order to conceal the true source and cause it to appear legitimate Laundering of money Money laundering Historic buildings Standards Works dealing with authoritative examples or models for the measure of quantity, quality, value, extent, weight, etc Principle under which welfare recipients are required to perform certain tasks in order to continue receiving benefits Mutual obligation Aboriginal artists Republicanism Evaluation Appraisal Use as major descriptor only for the art of evaluation and for discussions of its place in management. Use as a minor descriptor if the article contains a substantial evaluation of an item Performance measurement Urban infill Urban consolidation Bookselling See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Atlantic Ocean region Nuclear disarmament Disarmament Arms control Ballet See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Canberra Health education Education, Health Stocks Shares Police Wills Military education Education, Military Charges levied for rent of goods or property, and controls placed on these charges Rent Tourism Companies, Individual Individual companies Clubs Libraries consisting of materials on a specialised topic (e.g. music or film libraries), or serving a specialised clientele (e.g. corporate, association or government agency libraries) Special libraries Libraries, Special Serials Periodicals Magazines Universities Rest Sleep Palliative care Biomedical engineering Biochemical engineering Genetic engineering Australian studies Works discussing protection of the public from disease or illness by both adequate sanitation and hygiene and by health promoting education, services and/or legislation Community health Public health Risk management Risk Management, Risk Job satisfaction Smoking Family planning Vasectomy Sterilisation Contraception Birth control Abnormalities, Human Congenital deformities Birth defects Deformities Swamps Wetlands Marshes Indirect taxation Duties Taxation Nutrition Royal commissions Includes individual Royal commissions Includes programming languages Programming, Computer Software, Computer Computer programming Computer software Techniques, equipment, drugs, and procedures used to deliver medical care and the systems within which such care is delivered Medical technology Publishing and the Internet Internet and publishing Also used as subdivision under regions, countries, Australian states or territories and Australian capital cities for discussion on government policy towards industry e.g. Australia: Industry policy Policy, Industry Industry policy Chemicals Ecology Employment of youth Youth employment Europe Region defined by the continent west of the Ural Mountains including the British Isles. See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Alcoholism Drunkenness Alcohol abuse Intoxication Religion Worship Translation services Interpreting services Arts, The Arts Labour relations Industrial relations Law suits Litigation Actions or suits contested at law to enforce legal rights. Refers to civil action Legal actions Gifted Talented Mentally advanced Central Americans Paintings See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Thailand Ceremonies Commemorations Rituals Newspapers Until Nov 1980 the descriptor Radio broadcasting was used AM radio Radio Competition Law, Criminal Penal law Criminal law Press freedom Freedom of the press Economic forecasting Forecasting, Economic Literature Prose See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Queensland Information Documentary information including print and electronic media Jews Diseases Technological change and employment Employment and technological change Wounds Injuries Sexuality Sex Assets Resources of a person or business consisting of such items as property, securities, cash etc Community centres Atlases Includes maps Mapping Charting Cartography Urbanisation Alimony Child maintenance Maintenance (Domestic) People with physical disabilities Physically handicapped Physically disabled Psychology Library circulation Homosexuality Schools, Primary Primary schools Recruitment Personnel recruitment Staff recruitment Documentation Students, Secondary Secondary students High school students Education, Sex Sex education Sex instruction Questionnaires Surveys Use as a major descriptor only for the art of conducting, analysing etc surveys. Use as a minor descriptor if the article contains substantial results of a survey on a subject Intergovernmental relations Relations between federal/state/local governments of a country Federalism Commonwealth-State relations Region comprising southwestern Asia and northeastern Africa including Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey and United Arab Emirates. See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Middle East Persian Gulf region Liberalism Forests Patents Special right given by the government to an inventor to make, use or sell new inventions for a specified number of years. Handicapped and employment Employment of disabled People with disabilities and employment Disabled and employment Source materials Primary documents Church IT The application of modern communication and computing technologies to the creation, management and use of information Information technology Hotels Hospitality industry Golf Orthography Spelling Multiculturalism Armies Discrimination in employment Job discrimination Authors Writers Use for biographical discussion of particular authors and their works. For works chiefly discussing an author's work, with little biographical component, use Literature or its subordinate headings Pottery Education, Physical Physical education Telephones Sheep Works dealing with processes, based on standards or other practices, to control variations in quality Quality control Product control Peace World peace Insurance, Life Life insurance Bookkeeping Accounting Museums Law, Civil Civil law Electricity Retirement Political ideologies Government (Theory) Political science Education, Vocational Training, Vocational Vocational education and training Formal training designed to teach skills and knowledge for occupational proficiency. Until June 1979 the descriptor Education, Vocational was used Distribution (Marketing) Marketing Religious education Education, Religious Journalism News reporting Staff development Training, Inservice Inservice training Rural planning Flora Add name of a particular plant in the Identifier paragraph (if not in title of work) e.g. Acacias Plants Child care Veterinary medicine Acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS Art criticism Use only for the art of art criticism. Use also for the art of criticism of all narrower terms of Art eg. art of criticising architecture etc Assemblage Installation Sculpture Carving (Sculpture) See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Papua New Guinea Breath testing Random breath testing Use as subdivision under regions, countries, Ausralian states or territories and Australian capital cities for discussions of social policy in particular jurisdictions e.g. Australia: Social policy Social policy Policy, Social Monuments Memorials Shrines Whistleblowing Practice of calling public attention to waste, mismanagement, inefficiency, or corrupt practices in government, business, industry or the military etc Blowing the whistle Folk music Business records Office records Mandatory sentencing Social pluralism Pluralism Premiers Bibliographies Reading lists Entrepreneurs Digital divide Digital access Perceived gap between those who have access to information and information technology and those who do not, and to their use of the Internet for a wide variety of activities Eyesight Sight Vision Trees Coal Property, Intellectual Intellectual property Territorial waters Management Administration Alcohol Liquor Aboriginal paintings Aboriginal art Includes Torres Strait Islander art Regeneration (Vegetation) Revegetation Arrest Government publications Official publications Ownership Property Use for works discussing the administration of local government policy and legislation. See note under Public administration for comparative works Local government administration Scientific experiments Research, Scientific Experiments, Scientific Scientific research Wealth Fiji See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Includes Torres Strait Islander arts Aboriginal arts Jewellery Racial reconciliation Aboriginal reconciliation Staff Employees Personnel Study of the normal functions of the body Physiology Anatomy Real estate Real property Property, Real Casemix funding Social welfare Social security Welfare activities which are governmental and/or privately supported Public welfare Welfare Human interchange of thoughts and opinions Communication Use for articles discussing general management procedures or practices designed to minimise damage to the environment, both natural and built, from any human activity. For management techniques dealing with particular resources see Resource management Environmental management Public participation Community involvement Tests, Nuclear weapons Nuclear weapons tests Parental custody Custody of children Child custody Constitutions Use as a major descriptor only for the tasks of setting, evaluating etc costs. Use as a minor descriptor if the article includes substantial data on the costs of an item Costs Woodworking Carpentry Education, Computer Computer education Architecture, Domestic Domestic architecture Aged abuse Abuse of the aged Elder abuse Tourism that fosters environmental and cultural understanding, appreciation and conservation Sustainable tourism Green tourism Ecotourism Ecological tourism Jobs Occupations Rare books Incunabula Accounting education Education, Accounting Learning Crime prevention Income support Pensions Wallabies Kangaroos Law, Primitive Law, Customary Customary law Tribal law Primitive law Horse racing The study of music in a socio-cultural context, especially outside the European tradition Ethnomusicology Economics, Agricultural Rural economy Agricultural economics Finance, Agricultural Child endowment Family allowances Insurance, Marine Marine insurance School teaching Instruction Teaching Paedophilia Pedophilia Symbolism Imagery Textiles Cloth Fabrics Emergency services Rescue work Disaster services Tenants Tenancy Nationalism Patriotism Investment Furnishings Tasmania See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions War Armed conflict Includes individual wars and campaigns Cargo Freight Transport of goods Babies Infants Legislative bodies Parliaments History, Aboriginal Aboriginal history Use for any work discussing Aboriginal history, including frontier and contact history. For works using the study of material remains to discuss culture, use Aboriginal archaeology Aborigines in history See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Malaysia Psychiatry Sponsorship Jurisdiction Includes conflict of judicial decisions Migration, Internal Internal migration Urban-rural migration Rural-urban migration Population movement Security Measures taken against espionage, theft, infiltration, sabotage etc Correctional centres Prisons Gaols Jails Bribery Corruption Salinity Salts Professions, Industrial relations in Industrial relations in professions Tropical zones Torrid zones Broadcasting Theology Officers Military officers Bushfire control Fire control Fruit Research and development, Industrial Industrial research and development Debt Liberty Freedom Social classes Social stratification Class distinction Social status Stratification, Social Educational history History of education History, Educational Lexicography Dictionaries International relations Foreign affairs Also used as subdivision Foreign relations under regions and countries for discussions of the diplomatic relations between countries e.g. Australia: Foreign relations Foreign relations Cinema Motion pictures Films Asbestos Economic conditions Also used as subdivision under regions, countries, Australian states or territories and Australian capital cities e.g. Australia: Economic conditions Third world Developing countries Underdeveloped countries Festivals, Film Film festivals Great Britain United Kingdom See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Logic Technoculture Aesthetics Indonesia See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Court procedures Includes procedures before tribunals and similar bodies Regional studies Area studies Study of a political or geographical area, generally involving more than one discipline Technical education Education, Technical Billabongs Lakes Sound recordings Records (Sound) Recordings, Sound Legal services Middle East peoples Valuation Property valuation Ports Harbours Data bases Includes individual data bases and data base vendors. Cross references can be made from AACRII versions of the name of the data base or vendor Control of corporations Governance, Corporate Corporate governance Colonialism Economics Crocodiles Decision making Policy making Equipment Until July 1985 the descriptor Equipment maintenance was used Execution Death penalty Capital punishment Stamp duties Workplace bargaining Process of direct negotiation in a particular enterprise between the employees or the employees' representative Enterprise bargaining Collective bargaining Reptiles Innovation, Social Social change Social innovation Cultural change Progress Crime Science of coins and medals Numismatics Service industries Activities not encompassed by agriculture, mining, manufacturing and construction Tertiary industry Preschool education Education, Preschool Early childhood education Zoos Law reform Reform, Law Until Jan 1980 the descriptor Recordings was used Nonbook materials Audiovisual materials Irish people Consumer protection Art exhibitions Shipwrecks Wrecks (Ships) Land tenure Land rights Land titles Paper Consumption tax Tax on consumption of goods and services paid by the direct consumer. See note under Sales tax Fauna Wildlife Native animals Customs administration From Jan 1978-Nov 1988 this term was used in the Name and Identifier paragraphs Vietnam War Disadvantaged groups Underprivileged Deprived groups Independence of non self governing territories and peoples Autonomy Self government Independence Superannuation Censorship and the Internet Internet and censorship Cancer Carcinogens Fire insurance Insurance, Fire Restoration (Materials) Preservation Prevention of deterioration of materials, artefacts and structural forms Protection (Materials) Conservation and restoration Taxation law Law, Taxation Small business Charity workers Voluntary workers Disability discrimination Road transport Archaeology Ruins Prehistory Commercial crime Occupational crime Corporate crime White collar crime Law, Constitutional Constitutional law Women and employment Employment of women Radar Also used as subdivision under regions, countries, Australian states or territories and Australian capital cities e.g. Australia: Economic history History, Economic Economic history Credit Includes career development Careers Rock paintings Ancient history History, Ancient Historical, political and social events occurring before A.D. 476 New South Wales See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Use for general articles only. See also individual names of organisations Organisations Medical research Greenhouse effect Climatic change Global warming Hours of work Working hours Accreditation Accreditation of professions, courses and institutions Certification (Professions) Using the performance or profile of other companies or organisations as criteria against which to measure it's own performance Quality management Benchmarking Regulation, Financial Financial regulation Literature, French French literature Law, Family Family law Family violence Battered wives Wife bashing Domestic violence Radio programmes Programmes, Radio Christianity Greeks Money Currency France See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Regional planning Reform, Income tax Income tax reform Indemnity Compensation (Law) History Also used as subdivision under regions, countries, Australian states or territories and Australian capital cities e.g. Australia: History Spiders Galleries, Art Art galleries Networks, Computer Computer networks Mathematics Financial institutions that offer banking, insurance, investment and financial planning services Services, Financial Financial services Floods Europeans Morale Social attitudes Public opinion Attitudes Pests Until Nov 1993 the inverted heading Arbitration, Industrial was used Industrial arbitration Arbitration, Industrial Motorcycling Chemistry Community and political advocacy of the protection and conservation of the natural and built environment Environmentalism Uranium Construction Building Performance art Genre of art works that fall between theatre and object-oriented art Art, Performance Use for the detention of political prisoners or illegal immigrants Mandatory detention Mandatory imprisonment Planning, Corporate Strategic planning Planning, Strategic Corporate planning Convicts Transport Cooperation, Library Library cooperation Military equipment Navies Use when mathematical and or statistical techniques are employed to help explain economic issues or develop solutions to economic problems. This includes use of computer based modelling e.g.: ORANI Econometrics Evidence (Law) Transnational companies Multinational companies Companies, International International companies Educational finance Includes both public and private financing of education Educational grants Acquiescence (Law) Consent (Law) Satellites Includes both natural and artificial satellites Mental strain Tension Stress (Psychological) Indochina Region including Burma, Indochina, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Southeast Asia See Appendix 2 for reference structure associated with possible subdivisions Antarctica Air conditioning Ventilation Surveying Land surveying Aerial surveying Academics Academic personnel Men and health Men's health Assurance Insurance Includes children with hearing, intellectual, language, physical and visual disabilities Handicapped children Disabled children Children with disabilities Use only for the art of film criticism Film criticism Film reviewing Aircraft Aeroplanes Wharves Naval dockyards Dockyards Traditional laws and customs of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples pertaining to the land and waters which are recognised by the common law of Australia Aboriginal title Native title The diversity of plants and animals and the communities and ecosystems in which they occur Biological diversity Biodiversity Children's libraries Libraries, Children's From Jan 1978-June 1985 the term World War (1914-1918) was used in the Name paragraph World War 1 First World War Hire Leasing Interior decoration Decoration, Interior Marriage Rural education Education, Rural Foundations (Charitable) Benevolent societies Charities Charitable organisations Barristers Bar, The Video recordings Recordings, Video Rural schools Schools, Rural Linguistics Language Philology Works dealing with the scientific study of written and spoken language Payroll tax Prejudice Discrimination Bias Equity (Law) Relationships, Interpersonal Interpersonal relations Human relations Contemporary music which is derived basically from the blues, but which has incorporated aspects of country and western, jazz, gospel music and blue grass Rock music School libraries Libraries, School People with visual disabilities Visually disabled Visually impaired Visually handicapped Blind Colour Legal aid Civil service Bureaucracy (Government) Public service